{"id":1072,"date":"2009-04-26T12:31:44","date_gmt":"2009-04-26T09:31:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/\/?p=1072"},"modified":"2019-01-28T20:41:03","modified_gmt":"2019-01-28T17:41:03","slug":"qyakaqnn-rengi-oenemsiz-oezguer-mueftueolu-le-roeportaj","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/qyakaqnn-rengi-oenemsiz-oezguer-mueftueolu-le-roeportaj\/","title":{"rendered":"“Yaka”n\u0131n Rengi \u00d6nemsiz – \u00d6zg\u00fcr M\u00fcft\u00fco\u011flu \u0130le R\u00f6portaj"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ekonomisi uzman\u0131 Do\u00e7. Dr. M\u00fcft\u00fco\u011flu, krizde i\u015fsiz kalan beyaz yakal\u0131larla ilgili olarak, “genel m\u00fcd\u00fcr yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131, \u00f6zel hastanelerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan doktorlar birdenbire kendilerinin de i\u015f\u00e7i oldu\u011funu farkettiler” diyor.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kriz, plazada \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan beyaz yakal\u0131lar\u0131 da ciddi \u015fekilde etkiliyor. \u00d6rg\u00fcts\u00fczl\u00fck ve da\u011f\u0131n\u0131kl\u0131k nedeniyle sesini y\u00fckseltemeyen bu kesimden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n sendikala\u015fma i\u00e7in baz\u0131 ad\u0131mlar att\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. 3 Aral\u0131k’tan beri “Plaza Eylemleri”nde bulu\u015fan beyaz yakal\u0131lar, Sabah-ATV grubundaki sendikal\u0131 eylemcilere destek vermek amac\u0131yla art\u0131k Sabah Gazetesi’nin Balmumcu binas\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcnde de toplan\u0131yor. Beyaz yakal\u0131lar\u0131n sendikal\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 Marmara \u00dcniversitesi \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Ekonomisi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc’nden Yrd. Do\u00e7. Dr. \u00d6zg\u00fcr M\u00fcft\u00fco\u011flu ile \u0130dil Kesten konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Beyaz yakal\u0131lar\u0131n sendika ile tan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 neden krizle oldu?<\/strong>
\nM\u00fcft\u00fco\u011flu:<\/strong><\/em> 2000’deki kriz \u00e7ok ciddi olunca ve banka batmalar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nca \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar i\u015fiz kald\u0131lar. \u0130\u015fte o zaman \u00e7ok ciddi bir sorun T\u00fcrkiye’deki beyaz yakal\u0131lar\u0131n, yani e\u011fitimlilerin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. O g\u00fcne kadar T\u00fcrkiye’de e\u011fitimli kesim, nitelikli kesim i\u015fsizlikle ya da \u00fccretlerin bu kadar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ekilmesiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya gelmemi\u015flerdi. Birdenbire g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc ki daha \u00f6nce mavi yakal\u0131lar\u0131n, yani i\u015f tan\u0131mlar\u0131 daha \u00e7ok kol g\u00fcc\u00fcyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 sorunlarla, e\u011fitimli olan, kolej \u00fcniversite mezunu, dil bilen insanlar da kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya gelebilir. Bu durum T\u00fcrkiye ile beraber di\u011fer bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede de ciddi bir konu olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Onun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda part-time \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma gibi esnek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma modelleri geli\u015ftirildi. Bas\u0131n yay\u0131n sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde de yine kadrolu eleman yerine daha esnek istihdam bi\u00e7imleri var. Bu durumda kendini orta s\u0131n\u0131f olarak kabul eden beyaz yakal\u0131lar da gelecek sorusu sormaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Yani yar\u0131n ne olaca\u011f\u0131 belli de\u011fil, kiminde sosyal g\u00fcvence hi\u00e7 yok. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma saatleri giderek uzamaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Sonu\u00e7 olarak yukar\u0131dan gelip sendikalar\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctlemesi yerine buralarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan arkada\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z ba\u015fka \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yolu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna vard\u0131lar ve sendikalar\u0131n kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kendileri \u00e7ald\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

– 2008 kriziyle beraber “Plaza eylemleri”ne \u015fahit olduk. \u0130nsanlar\u0131 harekete ge\u00e7iren sadece kriz mi oldu?<\/strong>
\n2008’e gelindi\u011finde yine bir kriz var. Asl\u0131nda bu kriz 2000 krizi kadar etkilemedi, ama korkuttu do\u011frusu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu kesim ciddi \u015fekilde bor\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumda. Hepsinin ciddi kredi kart\u0131 borcu var. Hepsi ev ya da araba borcu \u00f6d\u00fcyor. Evet, bug\u00fcn i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131kartmalar az, ama bunun en ufak bir tehdidi bile herkesi korkutuyor. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar beyaz yakal\u0131lar\u0131 daha \u00f6nce T\u00fcrkiye’nin de pek al\u0131\u015f\u0131k olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Plaza eylemleri gibi eylemlerle tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

– Plaza eylemlerine gitti\u011finizde kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan beyaz yakal\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ok az. Sendikalara \u00fcye olanlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir art\u0131\u015f var m\u0131?<\/strong>
\n\u0130lginin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ku\u015fkusuz, insanlar daha \u00e7ok soruyor, ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor, internete girip bak\u0131yor. Zaten ne yapabiliriz sorusunun ard\u0131ndan nas\u0131l \u00f6rg\u00fctlenilir, hangi \u00e7at\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u00f6rg\u00fctlenilir sorusu soruluyor. Ama sendikalar\u0131n \u00fcye say\u0131s\u0131nda \u00e7ok da ciddi art\u0131\u015flara rastlanm\u0131yor \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015funu da s\u00f6ylemeliyiz ki \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme s\u00fcreci s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Sendikalar\u0131n da buna etki eden olumsuz y\u00f6nleri vard\u0131r, ama bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra hizmet ya da sanayi sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde \u00f6rg\u00fctlenen insanlar\u0131n bir anda i\u015flerini kaybetmesi de s\u00f6z konusu olabilir.<\/p>\n

– Mevcut durumda bug\u00fcn i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan beyaz yakal\u0131lar sendikal\u0131 olsalard\u0131 durum farkl\u0131 olur muydu?<\/strong>
\nMaalesef olmazd\u0131, ama olumsuzluklar\u0131 olumlu hale \u00e7evirmek i\u00e7in de \u00e7aba g\u00f6stermek laz\u0131m. T\u00fcrkiye’de 80 sonras\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7te kimisi sendika kaynakl\u0131, kimisi genel s\u00fcre\u00e7ten kaynaklanan genel bir g\u00fcvensizlik olu\u015ftu. Bug\u00fcn insanlar\u0131n i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan arkada\u015flar\u0131na bakt\u0131klar\u0131nda g\u00f6recekleri \u015fu: Bir k\u0131sm\u0131 sendikaya aidat\u0131 \u00f6demi\u015f ama sendikalar\u0131n g\u0131k\u0131 bile \u00e7\u0131kmam\u0131\u015f. Sonu\u00e7ta buradaki k\u00f6t\u00fc \u00f6rnek bu alandaki t\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar i\u00e7in k\u00f6t\u00fc \u00f6rnek olacakt\u0131r. Ama i\u015fin bir de \u015fu boyutu var. \u00d6rg\u00fctlenmek “k\u00f6t\u00fc” olsa bile ba\u015fka \u00e7are de yok. Bu i\u015fin yap\u0131labilece\u011fi tek yer de sendikalard\u0131r. Tabandan gelen bir de\u011fi\u015fim hareketi sendikalar\u0131 da d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrecektir. Sendikalar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndaki ki\u015filer sendikan\u0131n sahibi de\u011fil. Se\u00e7imle geldiler ve i\u015flerini iyi yapam\u0131yorlarsa gidecekler. Kendimi bir sendikan\u0131n kollar\u0131na teslim edeyim ve o benim i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fs\u0131n diye beklemek do\u011fru de\u011fil. Mevcut yap\u0131y\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in \u00e7aba g\u00f6stermek laz\u0131m.<\/p>\n

– Plazada \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar sendika ve i\u015f\u00e7i tan\u0131mlamalar\u0131na mesafeliler mi? Sizce bu da beyaz yakal\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n sendikaya bak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 etkiliyor mu?<\/strong>
\nEvet, mesafeliler, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc beyaz yakal\u0131lar kendilerini i\u015f\u00e7i olarak tan\u0131mlamak istemiyorlar. Kendilerini orta s\u0131n\u0131f olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyorlar. Bu durum sadece T\u00fcrkiye’ye \u00f6zg\u00fc de\u011fildir. Ama i\u015fte bu da \u015foku getiriyor. Hi\u00e7 beklenmedik anda hi\u00e7 beklemeyen insanlar kap\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne kondu: Genel m\u00fcd\u00fcr yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131, \u00f6zel hastanelerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan doktorlar…Ve bu insanlar birdenbire kendilerinin de i\u015f\u00e7i oldu\u011funun ayr\u0131m\u0131na vard\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

– Peki sizce T\u00fcrkiye’deki sendikalar beyaz yakal\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesine haz\u0131rlar m\u0131, ba\u015flar\u0131na ne geldi\u011finin fark\u0131ndalar m\u0131?<\/strong>
\nMaalesef sendikalar buna haz\u0131r de\u011filler, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc hala inatla 30 y\u0131l \u00f6nceki al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, mevcut \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131, y\u00f6ntemlerini korumaya devam ediyorlar ve bu da onlara g\u00fcven kaybettiriyor. Belki bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 sendikalar\u0131 da etkileyebilir ve sendikalara ra\u011fmen \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmek isteyen beyaz yakal\u0131lar sendikala\u015fmada da bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ba\u015flatabilir.<\/p>\n

– D\u00fcnyadaki beyaz yakal\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeleri nas\u0131l?<\/strong>
\nD\u00fcnyada farkl\u0131 \u00fclkelerde farkl\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeler var ama temelde \u015funu s\u00f6ylemeliyim: Sendikal\u0131 olmak bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr meselesidir. Bizim \u00e7evremizde babas\u0131 sendikal\u0131 olan \u00e7ok azd\u0131r, ama \u0130ngiltere’ye gidin dedesinin babas\u0131 bile sendikal\u0131d\u0131r. Ama oradaki sendikalar da mevcut yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fckleri i\u00e7in beyaz yakal\u0131lar\u0131n sorunlar\u0131na \u00e7are olacak duruma ge\u00e7emediler. Bu y\u00fczden d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerinde de sendikala\u015fma oranlar\u0131 sosyal haklardaki erozyona ra\u011fmen ciddi oranda d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. 90’lardan itibaren oralarda da beyaz yakal\u0131lar kendilerince yeni \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme modelleri geli\u015ftirdiler. Mesela ABD’de senaryo yazarlar\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlendi, hatta gevre gittiler. Yunanistan’da basketbol oyuncular\u0131 grev karar\u0131 ald\u0131lar. Fransa’da esnek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Mcdonald’s \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlendiler. T\u00fcrkiye’de 90’larda kamu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131, \u00f6\u011fretmenler, doktorlar, hem\u015fireler \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Yunanistan ve Fransa da kamu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00e7ok daha aktif.<\/p>\n

– 2008 krizi \u00f6zellikle belirli \u00fclkelerde ciddi bir sars\u0131nt\u0131 ve oradaki beyaz yakal\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlarda \u015fok etkisi yaratt\u0131. ABD’de bankalar batt\u0131. \u0130ngiltere’de bir\u00e7ok finans kurulu\u015fu ciddi oranda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan azalt\u0131yor ve bu bankalar\u0131n en sayg\u0131n yat\u0131r\u0131m b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek \u00fccretle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan insanlar. Sendikalar\u0131n bu duruma m\u00fcdahalesi s\u00f6z konusu oldu mu?<\/strong>
\n\u0130\u015fin ilgin\u00e7 yan\u0131 oradaki sendikalardan da i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131karmalara ses \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131. Sendikalar bu i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131karmalar\u0131 krizin sonucu olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcp bu duruma kar\u015f\u0131 koymad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

– Beyaz yakal\u0131 sendikala\u015fma nas\u0131l ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olur?<\/strong>
\nBug\u00fcn beyaz yakal\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 firmalar uluslararas\u0131 firmalar; yerel bile olsa uluslararas\u0131 ortaklar\u0131 var. Bu nedenle sendikalar\u0131n da uluslararas\u0131 olmas\u0131 laz\u0131m ve bu beyaz yakal\u0131 sendikala\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131n tek yolu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc k\u00fcreselle\u015fen d\u00fcnyada sermaye al\u0131r \u00fcretim tesisini ba\u015fka yere ta\u015f\u0131r. Uluslararas\u0131 firmalarla ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kabilmenin tek yolu uluslararas\u0131 sendikalard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kaynak: newsweekturkiye.com<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ekonomisi uzman\u0131 Do\u00e7. Dr. M\u00fcft\u00fco\u011flu, krizde i\u015fsiz kalan beyaz yakal\u0131larla ilgili olarak, “genel m\u00fcd\u00fcr yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131, \u00f6zel hastanelerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan doktorlar birdenbire kendilerinin de i\u015f\u00e7i oldu\u011funu farkettiler” diyor.\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4689],"tags":[2408],"class_list":{"0":"post-1072","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-secki","8":"tag-beyaz-yakalilar"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1072","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1072"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1072\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1072"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1072"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1072"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}