{"id":11676,"date":"2014-08-02T11:20:59","date_gmt":"2014-08-02T08:20:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/\/?p=11676"},"modified":"2019-01-28T20:40:57","modified_gmt":"2019-01-28T17:40:57","slug":"zeytincilik-yap-boz-tahtasi-ahmet-atalik-bianet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/zeytincilik-yap-boz-tahtasi-ahmet-atalik-bianet\/","title":{"rendered":"Zeytincilik yap boz tahtas\u0131 \u2013 Ahmet Atal\u0131k (Bianet)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Siyasi partilerin s\u00f6z konusu tasar\u0131y\u0131 son derece dikkatli incelemeleri gerekiyor. Yasalar\u0131m\u0131z \u00fcretimimizi ve sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 olumsuz y\u00f6nde hedef almamal\u0131, do\u011fay\u0131 tahrip etmemeli, halk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n takdirini alacak g\u00fczellikleri sa\u011flamal\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye bulundu\u011fu co\u011frafya itibar\u0131yla tar\u0131msal a\u00e7\u0131dan \u015fansl\u0131 \u00fclkelerden biri. Pek \u00e7ok bitkinin anavatan\u0131 Anadolu topraklar\u0131d\u0131r. Bunlardan bir tanesi de zeytin bitkisi. Mardin, Hatay, Suriye, Filistin ve K\u0131br\u0131s adas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ine alan b\u00f6lge zeytin bitkisinin anavatan\u0131 olarak kabul ediliyor.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada yakla\u015f\u0131k 900 milyon zeytin a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 98\u2032i Akdeniz Havzas\u0131\u2019nda yer al\u0131yor. Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 \u00fcretiminin de y\u00fczde 95\u2032i yine Akdeniz \u00fclkelerinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor.<\/p>\n

Cumhuriyet sonras\u0131 \u00fclkemizde tar\u0131m\u0131n en \u00f6nemli faaliyet alanlar\u0131ndan biri zeytincilik oldu. Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn 1929 y\u0131l\u0131nda Yalova b\u00f6lgesine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir gezide zeytincili\u011fe gereken \u00f6nemin verilmesine y\u00f6nelik direktifleri ile \u00fclkemizde zeytincilik seferberli\u011fi ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Zeytinine bakmayan ceza\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu kapsamda zeytincilik konusunda ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapmak \u00fczere 1937 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bornova Zeytincilik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc kuruldu. Di\u011fer yandan 1939 y\u0131l\u0131nda 3573 say\u0131l\u0131 Zeytincili\u011fin Islah\u0131 ve Yabanilerinin A\u015f\u0131latt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Kanun y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylelikle zeytin, bah\u00e7esine bakmayan ve bak\u0131m yapt\u0131rmayan \u00fcreticilere ceza verilmesini sa\u011flayan bir kanuna sahip tek bitki oldu. Yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda e\u011fitim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f uzmanlar taraf\u0131ndan yeni, bak\u0131ml\u0131, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve verimli bah\u00e7eler tesis edilip, sofral\u0131k zeytin ve zeytinya\u011f\u0131 i\u015fleme tesisleri kuruldu. At\u0131lan bu ad\u0131mlarla \u00fclkemizde zeytincilik b\u00fcy\u00fck bir h\u0131zla geli\u015fti.<\/p>\n

\u00dclkemizde ilk resmi istatistiklere g\u00f6re zeytincilik 1943\/44 \u2013 1944\/45 kampanyas\u0131nda 286 bin hektar alanda, 29,4 milyon a\u011fa\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131, 127.025 ton dane zeytin, 12.817 ton sofral\u0131k zeytin ve 24.056 ton zeytinya\u011f\u0131 ile ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

1950\u2032den 1980\u2032lere\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zeytincili\u011fe verilen \u00f6nem 1950\u2032li y\u0131llarla birlikte yava\u015flamas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye ilk zeytinya\u011f\u0131 ihracat\u0131n\u0131 1961-62 d\u00f6neminde yapt\u0131. Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 ilk kez 1966 y\u0131l\u0131nda destekleme al\u0131m\u0131 kapsam\u0131na al\u0131nan 24 tar\u0131msal \u00fcr\u00fcnden biri oldu.<\/p>\n

1970\u2032li y\u0131llarda verimin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ve maliyetin y\u00fcksek olu\u015fu zeytincili\u011fimizi son derece olumsuz etkiledi. Bu d\u00f6nemde tamamen do\u011fal olan zeytinya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ne kadar de\u011ferli oldu\u011fu anlat\u0131larak te\u015fvik edilece\u011fi yerde, rafinasyon ile elde edilen di\u011fer bitkisel ya\u011flar\u0131n \u00fcretimi ve t\u00fcketimi te\u015fvik edildi.<\/p>\n

1980\u2032li y\u0131llar ve sonras\u0131nda zeytinlikler s\u00f6k\u00fclerek, k\u0131y\u0131 turizmine feda edilip, otel, motel ve villalar zeytinliklerin yerini almaya ba\u015flad\u0131. \u00a0Ayn\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7te zeytin \u00fcreticisi ba\u015fka tar\u0131msal faaliyetlere y\u00f6neldi. Oysa ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde geleneksel zeytin yeti\u015ftiricili\u011finin ekonomik olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n fark\u0131na varan \u0130spanya ve \u0130talya modern zeytincili\u011fe y\u00f6neldi.<\/p>\n

Destek ver, deste\u011fi \u00e7ek<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkemizde ilk kez 1966 y\u0131l\u0131nda destekleme al\u0131m\u0131 kapsam\u0131na dahil edilip ve 4.10.1966 tarih ve 6\/7148 say\u0131l\u0131 Kararname ile \u0130zmir Zeytin ve Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 Tar\u0131m Sat\u0131\u015f Kooperatifleri zeytinya\u011f\u0131 destekleme al\u0131m\u0131 ile g\u00f6revlendirildi.\u00a0Destekleme al\u0131mlar\u0131 1973\/74 ve 1979\/80 d\u00f6nemleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda 1987\/88 d\u00f6nemine kadar aral\u0131ks\u0131z devam etti.<\/p>\n

1987-1990 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda destekleme kapsam\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. 1991 y\u0131l\u0131nda yeniden destekleme kapsam\u0131na al\u0131nan zeytinya\u011f\u0131 bu kez de 5 Nisan 1994 Ekonomi \u0130stikrar Paketi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde destekleme al\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla tekrar destekleme kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Devlet taraf\u0131ndan destekleme al\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerde Birlik al\u0131m fiyatlar\u0131 uygulamas\u0131na ge\u00e7ilip, 26.11.1998 tarih ve 98\/12122 say\u0131l\u0131 Bakanlar Kurulu Karar\u0131 ile destekleme \u00f6demeleri prim \u00f6demelerine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylelikle D\u00fcnya Ticaret \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (DT\u00d6) ve AB Ortak Tar\u0131m Politikalar\u0131na uyum sa\u011fland\u0131, ekonomi kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131narak vergi gelirleri artt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131, tar\u0131msal kay\u0131t ve envanter tutulmas\u0131 sa\u011fland\u0131, \u00fcretici ve sanayici korunarak \u00fcretim te\u015fvik edildi.<\/p>\n

Zeytin \u00fcreticilerine genel bir destekleme sistemi olan ve \u00fcretimden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z Do\u011frudan Gelir Deste\u011fi (DGD) kapsam\u0131nda 2000-2008 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda gelir deste\u011fi \u00f6demesi yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Zeytin \u00fcreticilerine ayr\u0131ca \u00fcretim maliyetini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek amac\u0131yla 2.5.2003 tarihli Resmi Gazete\u2019de (RG) yay\u0131mlanan Tar\u0131msal Faaliyette Kullan\u0131lan Mazot \u0130\u00e7in \u00c7ift\u00e7ilere Destekleme \u00d6demesi Yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve 7.9.2003 tarihli RG\u2019de yay\u0131mlanan \u00c7ift\u00e7ilere Kimyevi G\u00fcbre Destekleme \u00d6demesi Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Bakanlar Kurulu Kararlar\u0131 ile mazot ve g\u00fcbre deste\u011fi sa\u011flanmaya ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n

10 dekarda zeytin bah\u00e7esi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sertifikal\u0131 zeytin fidan\u0131 dikimini ve en az 10 dekarl\u0131k kapama zeytin bah\u00e7esi olu\u015fturulmas\u0131n\u0131 yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla 15.4.2005 tarihli RG\u2019de yay\u0131mlanan \u201cSertifikal\u0131 Tohumluk ve Fidan Deste\u011fi ile Patates Si\u011fili G\u00f6r\u00fclen Alanlarda Alternatif \u00dcr\u00fcn Deste\u011fi Hakk\u0131nda Tebli\u011f\u201d \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde de zeytin \u00fcreticileri destekleniyor.<\/p>\n

DT\u00d6 Tar\u0131m Anla\u015fmas\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde \u00fclkemizce ihracat deste\u011fi verilebilecek 44 \u00fcr\u00fcn\/\u00fcr\u00fcn grubu i\u00e7erisinde zeytinya\u011f\u0131 ve sofral\u0131k zeytinin de bulunmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Tar\u0131msal \u00dcr\u00fcnlerde \u0130hracat \u0130adesi Yard\u0131mlar\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin Para-Kredi Koordinasyon Kurulu\u2019nun 2012\/2 nolu Tebli\u011fi uyar\u0131nca ihra\u00e7 edilen \u00fcr\u00fcnlerden daha y\u00fcksek katma de\u011fer sa\u011flanmas\u0131, ihracatta markala\u015fman\u0131n te\u015fvik edilmesi ve kutulu ihracat\u0131n artt\u0131r\u0131labilmesi amac\u0131yla k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ambalajlarda ve markal\u0131 olarak yap\u0131lan zeytinya\u011f\u0131 ve sofral\u0131k zeytin ihracat\u0131nda ihracat iadesi \u00f6demesi yap\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u00dcreticilerin \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00dclkemizde \u00fcretici organizasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi 4572 say\u0131l\u0131 Tar\u0131m Sat\u0131\u015f Kooperatif ve Birlikleri Hakk\u0131nda Kanun, 1163 say\u0131l\u0131 Kooperatifler Kanunu ve 5200 say\u0131l\u0131 Tar\u0131msal \u00dcretici Birlikleri Kanunu kapsam\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmektedir. Zeytin ve zeytinya\u011f\u0131 \u00fcreticilerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc tar\u0131m sat\u0131\u015f kooperatifleri birlikleri \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u00f6rg\u00fctlendiler.<\/p>\n

Bu alanda faaliyet g\u00f6steren birlikler Tari\u015f Zeytin ve Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 Birli\u011fi, Marmarabirlik ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fubirliktir. Birlikler do\u011frudan al\u0131m yaparak sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn i\u00e7inde \u00fcretim, i\u015fleme ve pazarlama faaliyetlerinde bulunabilirler. Ayr\u0131ca ana \u00fcretim girdilerinde ortaklar\u0131na ayni kredi verdikleri gibi nakdi kredi de verebiliyor, e\u011fitim ve yay\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 da yapabiliyorlar.<\/p>\n

Tari\u015f, Marmarabirlik, G\u00fcneydo\u011fubirlik kuruluyor<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tari\u015f Zeytin ve Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 Birli\u011fi 1949 y\u0131l\u0131nda kuruldu. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz itibar\u0131yla 32 kooperatife ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 24 bin \u00fcretici orta\u011fa sahip. Kooperatiflerine ba\u011fl\u0131 29 i\u015fletmede 3.160 ton i\u015fleme kapasitesine, 75 bin ton\/y\u0131l rafinasyon kapasitesine sahip modern rafineriye, 3 bin ton\/y\u0131l kapasiteli sofral\u0131k zeytin paketleme tesisine, Uluslararas\u0131 Zeytin Konseyi (IOC) taraf\u0131ndan akredite edilmi\u015f laboratuara, 55.500 ton\/y\u0131l zeytinya\u011f\u0131 ambalajlama kapasitesine, 55.092 ton\/y\u0131l zeytinya\u011f\u0131 depolama kapasitesine sahip.<\/p>\n

Marmarabirlik 1954 y\u0131l\u0131nda kuruldu. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz itibar\u0131yla 8 kooperatife ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 bin \u00fcretici orta\u011fa sahiptir. Sofral\u0131k salamura siyah zeytinde piyasan\u0131n \u00fcreticiler lehine d\u00fczenlenmesinde \u00f6nemli rol oynuyor.\u00a0Birli\u011fin 70 bin ton sofral\u0131k zeytin depolama kapasitesi mevcuttur. Ayr\u0131ca 5 bin tonluk zeytinya\u011f\u0131 deposu ve 13 bin tonluk sofral\u0131k zeytin deposu in\u015fa ederek sekt\u00f6rde \u00f6nemli bir kapasiteye ula\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcneydo\u011fubirlik 1940 y\u0131l\u0131nda kuruldu, 1989 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u015fimdiki mevcut ad\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz itibar\u0131yla 9 kooperatife ve 17.500 \u00fcretici orta\u011fa sahip. Ancak, Birlik 3 kooperatifi \u00fczerinden zeytinya\u011f\u0131 al\u0131m\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriyor ve bu y\u00f6nde yakla\u015f\u0131k 5 bin orta\u011fa sahip. Birli\u011fin Silifke, Kilis ve Nizip\u2019te kontin\u00fc zeytin s\u0131kma tesisleri var. Ayr\u0131ca Birlik Gaziantep\u2019te 15 ton\/g\u00fcn kapasiteli s\u0131zma zeytinya\u011f\u0131 dolum tesisine ve 1.250 ton depolama kapasitesine sahip.<\/p>\n

Zeytincili\u011fin \u0131slah\u0131 y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi<\/strong><\/p>\n

3573 say\u0131l\u0131 Zeytincili\u011fin Islah\u0131 ve Yabanilerinin A\u015f\u0131latt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Kanun \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ekolojik y\u00f6nden uygun b\u00f6lgelerde ve zeytin yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fine elveri\u015fli sahalarda zeytinlik kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak, mevcut zeytinliklerde \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn miktar ve kalitesini y\u00fckseltmek ve maliyeti d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek, birim alandaki verimi artt\u0131rmak, zeytinya\u011f\u0131 ve sofral\u0131k zeytin i\u015fletmelerindeki teknolojik yap\u0131y\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcn ko\u015fullar\u0131na uygun hale getirmek \u00fczere gerekli teknik, ekonomik, ticari ve sosyal tedbir ve organizasyonlar\u0131 sa\u011flamak amac\u0131 g\u00fcden Zeytincili\u011fin Islah\u0131 ve Yabanilerinin A\u015f\u0131latt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Y\u00f6netmelik 3 Nisan 1996 tarih ve 22600 say\u0131l\u0131 RG\u2019de yay\u0131mlanarak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi.<\/p>\n

Ulusal zeytin ve zeytinya\u011f\u0131 konseyi<\/strong><\/p>\n

5488 say\u0131l\u0131 Tar\u0131m Kanunu\u2019nda belirlenen ulusal tar\u0131m politikalar\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapmak \u00fczere zeytin ve zeytinya\u011f\u0131 \u00fcreticileri ile zeytin bitkisinden elde edilen as\u0131l ve yan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin ticaretini yapan t\u00fcccarlar, sanayiciler ve\/veya bunlar\u0131n olu\u015fturduklar\u0131 birlikler, dernekler, kooperatifler ve birlikler ile zeytin ve zeytinya\u011f\u0131 ile ilgili ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131, meslek odalar\u0131 ve sivil toplum kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n bir araya gelerek t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fi haiz bir Ulusal Zeytin ve Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 Konseyi kurmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma usul ve esaslar\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek amac\u0131yla haz\u0131rlanan Ulusal Zeytin ve Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 Konseyi Kurulu\u015f ve \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Esaslar\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Y\u00f6netmelik 5 Nisan 2007 tarih ve 26484 say\u0131l\u0131 RG\u2019de yay\u0131mlanarak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede 21 May\u0131s 2007 tarihinde kurulan Ulusal Zeytin ve Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 Konseyi ilk kurulan \u00fcr\u00fcn konseyi olarak tarihe ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n

5300 say\u0131l\u0131 Tar\u0131m \u00dcr\u00fcnleri Lisansl\u0131 Depoculuk Kanunu \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde zeytin ticaretini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak, depolanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yayg\u0131n bir sistem olu\u015fturmak, \u00fcr\u00fcn sahiplerinin mallar\u0131n\u0131n emniyetini sa\u011flamak ve kalitesini korumak, lisansl\u0131 depo i\u015fleticilerinin ki\u015filer aras\u0131nda ayr\u0131m yapmaks\u0131z\u0131n depolanmak \u00fczere zeytin kabul etmelerini temin etmek, \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin m\u00fclkiyetini temsil eden, sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ve teslimini sa\u011flayan, teminat olarak verilebilen \u00fcr\u00fcn senedi \u00e7\u0131kartmak ve standartlar\u0131, kalitesi belirlenmi\u015f zeytin depolanmas\u0131 hizmetini sunan lisansl\u0131 depo i\u015fletmelerinin kurulu\u015f, i\u015fleyi\u015f ve denetimine ili\u015fkin usul ve esaslar\u0131 belirlemek \u00fczere haz\u0131rlanan Zeytin Lisansl\u0131 Depo Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi 4 Aral\u0131k 2010 tarih ve 27775 say\u0131l\u0131 RG\u2019de yay\u0131mlanarak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi.\u00a0Yine ayn\u0131 ama\u00e7lar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 Lisansl\u0131 Depo Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi de ayn\u0131 RG\u2019de yay\u0131mlanarak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi.<\/p>\n

167 milyon zeytin a\u011fac\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cumhuriyet tarihi boyunca zeytin ve zeytinya\u011f\u0131 sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in sarf edilen \u00e7abalar\u0131n bir sonucu olarak \u00fclkemizdeki zeytin a\u011fac\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131nda h\u0131zl\u0131 bir art\u0131\u015f sa\u011fland\u0131, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde 167 milyon adete ula\u015ft\u0131.. Ege, Marmara, Akdeniz ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgeleri \u00f6nemli zeytin \u00fcreticisi b\u00f6lgeler olup zeytin a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n %97\u2019si \u0130zmir, Bal\u0131kesir, \u00c7anakkale, Bursa, Manisa, Ayd\u0131n, Mu\u011fla, Adana, Antalya, Gaziantep, Hatay, Kilis, Mersin, Osmaniye, Kahramanmara\u015f ve \u015eanl\u0131urfa\u2019da bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

Zeytinlik alanlar\u0131m\u0131z \u00f6zellikle 2005 y\u0131l\u0131 sonras\u0131nda %25 gibi h\u0131zl\u0131 bir art\u0131\u015f oran\u0131yla 806 bin hektara ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Tablo:2). Bu zeytinlik alan geni\u015fli\u011fi ile \u00fclkemiz \u0130spanya, Tunus, \u0130talya, Fas ve Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n ard\u0131ndan alt\u0131nc\u0131 s\u0131rada geliyor.<\/p>\n

Y\u00fczde 30 sofral\u0131k, y\u00fczde 70 ya\u011fl\u0131k<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00dclkemizin zeytin a\u011fac\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015fa paralel olarak zeytin \u00fcretimimizde de \u00f6nemli miktarda art\u0131\u015f sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f ve T\u00dc\u0130K verilerine g\u00f6re zeytin \u00fcretimimiz 2013 y\u0131l\u0131 itibar\u0131yla 1,7 milyon ton olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. \u00dclkemizde \u00fcretilen zeytinin yakla\u015f\u0131k %30\u2019luk b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc sofral\u0131k olarak t\u00fcketilirken, yakla\u015f\u0131k %70\u2019lik b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ya\u011fl\u0131\u011fa ayr\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler G\u0131da ve Tar\u0131m \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (FAO) 2012 y\u0131l\u0131 verilerine g\u00f6re \u00fclkemiz 1,8 milyon tona ula\u015fan zeytin \u00fcretimiyle \u0130spanya, \u0130talya ve Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n ard\u0131ndan d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131rada yer almaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye d\u00fcnya zeytin \u00fcretiminin yakla\u015f\u0131k %10\u2019luk b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Ulusal Zeytin Konseyi verilerine g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye yakla\u015f\u0131k 400 bin tonluk sofral\u0131k zeytin \u00fcretimiyle \u0130spanya\u2019n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan ikinci s\u0131rada yer almaktad\u0131r. D\u00fcnya sofral\u0131k zeytin \u00fcretiminin yakla\u015f\u0131k %20\u2019lik b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc sa\u011flayan \u00fclkemiz, yakla\u015f\u0131k 300 bin tonluk t\u00fcketimiyle de d\u00fcnya lideri konumunda.<\/p>\n

Yar\u0131s\u0131 Ege\u2019de<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ege B\u00f6lgesi zeytin a\u011fa\u00e7 varl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k %50\u2019sine sahiptir. Bu b\u00f6lgemizdeki zeytin \u00fcretimimizin yakla\u015f\u0131k %80\u2019i ya\u011fl\u0131k olarak i\u015flenmektedir. Marmara B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nde ise \u00fcretimin yakla\u015f\u0131k %90\u2019l\u0131k b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc sofral\u0131k olarak i\u015flenmekte olup \u00fclkemizin sofral\u0131k zeytin ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131ya yak\u0131n b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc bu b\u00f6lgemiz sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. Akdeniz B\u00f6lgesi \u00fcretiminin yakla\u015f\u0131k %70\u2019i, G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nin yakla\u015f\u0131k %85\u2019i ya\u011fl\u0131k olarak i\u015flenirken, Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nde daha ziyade \u00f6z t\u00fcketime y\u00f6nelik sofral\u0131k zeytin \u00fcretimi yayg\u0131n.<\/p>\n

\u00dclkemiz zeytinya\u011f\u0131 \u00fcretiminde de d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6nemli \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye yakla\u015f\u0131k 190 bin tonluk zeytinya\u011f\u0131 \u00fcretimi ile d\u00fcnya s\u0131ralamas\u0131nda \u0130spanya, \u0130talya ve Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n ard\u0131ndan d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131rada yer almaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye d\u00fcnya zeytinya\u011f\u0131 \u00fcretiminin yakla\u015f\u0131k %6\u2019l\u0131k b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmektedir. \u00d6zellikle 2005 y\u0131l\u0131 sonras\u0131 sa\u011flanan destekler sonucu zeytinya\u011f\u0131 \u00fcretimimiz %50\u2019nin \u00fczerinde art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n

Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 \u00fcretimindeki \u00f6nemli art\u0131\u015f t\u00fcketimimize de olumlu y\u00f6nde yans\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcketimimiz 2005 y\u0131l\u0131ndan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze yakla\u015f\u0131k %80 oran\u0131nda art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6stererek 150-160 bin ton seviyelerine y\u00fckseldi. T\u00fcrkiye zeytinya\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcketiminde de \u0130talya, \u0130spanya, ABD ve Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n ard\u0131ndan be\u015finci s\u0131rada yer ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 \u00fcretim ve t\u00fcketimimize paralel olarak \u00fclkemizde ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na zeytinya\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcketimi de 2005 y\u0131l\u0131 sonras\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7te yakla\u015f\u0131k 1 kilogramdan 2 kilograma art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye 30 bin tonluk zeytinya\u011f\u0131 ihracat\u0131yla \u0130talya, \u0130spanya ve Tunus\u2019un ard\u0131ndan d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131ray\u0131 almaktad\u0131r. T\u00dc\u0130K\u2019in verilerine g\u00f6re 2013 y\u0131l\u0131 itibar\u0131yla 295 milyon dolar ihracat geliri elde edilmi\u015ftir. Sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn 2023 y\u0131l\u0131 zeytinya\u011f\u0131 ihracat hedefi 700 bin tondur.<\/p>\n

Kanun son derece koruyucu<\/p>\n

Zeytin ve zeytinya\u011f\u0131 \u00fcretimini bu denli te\u015fvik eden \u00fclkemiz, zeytincilik konusunda son derece koruyucu bir de mevzuata sahiptir; \u201cZeytincili\u011fin Islah\u0131 ve Yabanilerinin A\u015f\u0131latt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Kanun\u201d. Bu kanuna g\u00f6re;<\/p>\n

* Zeytinlik alanlar\u0131m\u0131z daralt\u0131lamaz.<\/p>\n

* Zeytinliklere her \u00e7e\u015fit hayvan sokulmas\u0131, yerle\u015fim sahalar\u0131 hari\u00e7, zeytin sahalar\u0131na en az bir kilometre yak\u0131nl\u0131kta koyun ve ke\u00e7i a\u011f\u0131l\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131 yasakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

* Zeytinlik sahalar\u0131 i\u00e7inde ve bu sahalara en az 3 km mesafede zeytinya\u011f\u0131 fabrikas\u0131 ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli tar\u0131msal sanayi i\u015fletmeleri hari\u00e7 zeytinliklerin bitkisel geli\u015fimine ve \u00fcremesine engel olacak kimyevi at\u0131k, toz ve duman b\u0131rakan tesis yap\u0131lamaz ve i\u015fletilemez.<\/p>\n

* Zeytinliklerine bakmayan \u00fcreticiye a\u011fa\u00e7 ba\u015f\u0131na 10 TL idari para cezas\u0131 verilir.<\/p>\n

* \u0130zinsiz zeytin a\u011fac\u0131 kesenlere veya s\u00f6kenlere a\u011fa\u00e7 ba\u015f\u0131na 60 TL idari para cezas\u0131 verilir.<\/p>\n

Dan\u0131\u015ftay\u2019da durdurma\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylesine s\u0131k\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmlerle korunan, b\u0131rak\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclt\u00fclmesini bak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yapmayan \u00fcreticinin dahi cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi \u00f6zellikleri olan zeytinliklerimizi amac\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kullanmay\u0131 hedefleyen bir\u00e7ok giri\u015fim daha \u00f6nce de olmu\u015f, her seferinde \u00fcretici, t\u00fcketici, meslek \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc, sendika, demokratik kitle \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc ve \u00fcniversite beraberli\u011fiyle bu giri\u015fimler sonu\u00e7suz b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Kanunda de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlayan zihniyet konuyu y\u00f6netmelik de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi \u00e7\u00f6zme yoluna gitti. Son olarak 3 Nisan 2012 tarih ve 28253 say\u0131l\u0131 RG\u2019de yay\u0131mlanan Zeytincili\u011fin Islah\u0131 ve Yabanilerinin A\u015f\u0131latt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Y\u00f6netmelikte De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Y\u00f6netmelik ile kanunda bulunmayan bir tak\u0131m tan\u0131mlamalar ve zeytinlikleri amac\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kullanmay\u0131 sa\u011flayacak imtiyaz maddeler getirildi.<\/p>\n

TMMOB Ziraat M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131, \u00c7evre M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131 ve Peyzaj Mimarlar\u0131 Odas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Dan\u0131\u015ftay nezdinde a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Dan\u0131\u015ftay \u0130dari Dava Daireleri Kurulu\u2019nun 20 Haziran 2013 tarihli 2013\/157 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131 ile bu y\u00f6netmelik de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin y\u00fcr\u00fctmesi durduruldu.<\/p>\n

Yeniden tehdit alt\u0131nda<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zeytinlik alanlar bir kez daha yok edilme tehdidi alt\u0131nda! Ba\u015fbakan Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan imzas\u0131 ile 16 Haziran 2014 tarihinde TBMM\u2019ye g\u00f6nderilen \u201cElektrik Piyasas\u0131 Kanunu ile Zeytincili\u011fin Islah\u0131 ve Yabanilerinin A\u015f\u0131latt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Kanunda De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Kanun Tasar\u0131s\u0131\u201d zeytinlik sahalar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a olumsuz h\u00fck\u00fcmler i\u00e7eriyor.<\/p>\n

Tasar\u0131da, kanunda bulunmayan \u201ckurul, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli tar\u0131msal sanayi i\u015fletmesi, tar\u0131msal i\u015fletme ve zeytinlik saha\u201d gibi yeni tan\u0131mlamalar getirildi. Getirilen zeytinlik saha tan\u0131mlamas\u0131yla art\u0131k 25 dekardan daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck zeytinlikler zeytinlik saha olarak kabul edilmeyecek.<\/p>\n

Kanun tasar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ne genel gerek\u00e7esinde ne de madde gerek\u00e7elerinde b\u00f6yle bir s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n ne ama\u00e7la getirildi\u011finin bir a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 yer alm\u0131yor. Getirilen s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n hi\u00e7bir bilimsel temeli bulunmuyor.<\/p>\n

Bah\u00e7eler ortalama 12 dekar<\/strong><\/p>\n

Oysa AB\u2019nin konuyla ilgili 2366\/98 EC mevzuat\u0131nda 1 dekar\u0131n \u00fczerindeki alanlar \u201czeytin yeti\u015ftirilen parsel\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131rken, \u201czeytin a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 ile kapl\u0131 alanlar\u201d ise asgari olarak 100 metrekare olarak boyutland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u00dclkemizdeki zeytin bah\u00e7elerinin ortalama b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn 12 dekar civar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, sadece bu tan\u0131mlama dahi \u00fclkemizin zeytinliklerine, zeytin ve zeytinya\u011f\u0131 \u00fcretimine indirilmi\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck bir darbe niteli\u011finde. Bu \u015fekilde zeytinlik sahalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc kanunun koruyuculu\u011funun d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olacak.<\/p>\n

Sertifikal\u0131 zeytin fidan\u0131 dikimini ve en az 10 dekarl\u0131k kapama zeytin bah\u00e7esi olu\u015fturulmas\u0131n\u0131 yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla Devlet zeytin \u00fcreticisini 2005 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana desteklerken, 25 dekardan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck zeytinliklerin zeytinlik saha olarak kabul edilmeyecek olmas\u0131 bug\u00fcne kadar verilen desteklerin soka\u011fa at\u0131lmas\u0131, bundan sonras\u0131 i\u00e7in de b\u00f6yle bir deste\u011fin verilmeyece\u011fi anlam\u0131na geliyor.<\/p>\n

Madencilik yap\u0131labilecek<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kanunda zeytinlik sahalar\u0131 i\u00e7inde ve bu sahalara en az 3 km mesafede sadece zeytinya\u011f\u0131 fabrikas\u0131 kurulma imtiyaz\u0131 yer al\u0131rken, zeytinliklere zarar verecek kimyevi at\u0131k b\u0131rakan, toz ve duman \u00e7\u0131karan tesis yap\u0131lmas\u0131na ve i\u015fletilmesine izin verilmezken, tasar\u0131da bu imtiyaz kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131, buna kar\u015f\u0131n pek \u00e7ok yeni imtiyazlar yer ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

Yeni olu\u015fturulacak Zeytinlik Sahalar\u0131 Koruma Kurulu\u2019nun uygun g\u00f6rmesi \u015fart\u0131yla jeotermal kaynakl\u0131 teknolojik sera yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131, ilgili bakanl\u0131k\u00e7a kamu yarar\u0131 karar\u0131 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f madencilik faaliyetleri, elektrik \u00fcretimine y\u00f6nelik yat\u0131r\u0131mlar, petrol ve do\u011falgaz arama ve i\u015fletme faaliyetleri, savunmaya y\u00f6nelik stratejik ihtiya\u00e7lar, do\u011fal afet sonras\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ge\u00e7ici yerle\u015fim yeri ihtiyac\u0131, kamu yarar\u0131 g\u00f6zetilerek yol altyap\u0131 ve \u00fcstyap\u0131s\u0131 faaliyetlerinde bulunulacak yat\u0131r\u0131mlar i\u00e7in zeytinlik sahalarda yat\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131lmas\u0131na G\u0131da Tar\u0131m ve Hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan izin verilebilecek. B\u00f6ylelikle kanunda yer alan zeytinlik sahalar\u0131n daralt\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131 kesin h\u00fckm\u00fc, tasar\u0131yla getirilen bir\u00e7ok imtiyaz\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda daralt\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131 \u015feklinde yumu\u015fat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Kanunda zeytinlik sahalarda ve bu sahalara en az 3 km mesafede toz ve duman \u00e7\u0131karan tesislerin kurulmas\u0131na izin verilmezken, tasar\u0131da bu s\u0131n\u0131rlama kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. B\u00f6ylelikle sadece \u00fczerinde faaliyette bulunulan zeytinliklerin yok edilmesinin yan\u0131nda toz ve duman \u00e7\u0131karan tesislere izin verilmek suretiyle civardaki zeytinliklerin de bitkisel geli\u015fimine ve \u00fcremesine olumsuz etkide bulunulacak. Zarar sadece tar\u0131m d\u0131\u015f\u0131 faaliyete tahsis edilen b\u00f6lgeyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmayacak.<\/p>\n

Zeytinlik sahalara hayvanlar\u0131n giri\u015fi yasaklan\u0131rken, ancak madencilerin ve enerji yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 yapacaklar\u0131n giri\u015fi serbest hale getiriliyor. Zeytinliklere hangisi daha fazla zarar veriyor?<\/p>\n

Kurul kimlerden olu\u015fuyor?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tasar\u0131da belirtildi\u011fi \u00fczere Zeytinlik Sahalar\u0131 Koruma Kurulu valinin ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u0130l G\u0131da Tar\u0131m ve Hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve sekreteryas\u0131nda, Orman ve Su \u0130\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00c7evre ve \u015eehircilik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Bilim Sanayi ve Teknoloji Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ildeki \u00fcst d\u00fczey temsilcilerinden ve Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n merkez te\u015fkilat\u0131ndaki ilgili birimlerinden birer \u00fcye ile \u00fcniversite, ziraat odas\u0131, zeytincilik konular\u0131nda ulusal \u00f6l\u00e7ekte faaliyette bulunan kamu kurumu niteli\u011fi haiz meslek kurulu\u015flar\u0131 veya sivil toplum kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n yerel temsilcilerinden iki \u00fcye olmak \u00fczere toplam 9 \u00fcyeden olu\u015facak. Kurulun 7 \u00fcyesinin kamu g\u00f6revlilerinden olu\u015fmas\u0131 ve 5 \u00fcyenin ayn\u0131 y\u00f6ndeki oyu ile kararlar\u0131n al\u0131nacak olmas\u0131 zeytinlik alanlar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde korunaca\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki kayg\u0131lar\u0131 artt\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Zira, Toprak Koruma ve Arazi Kullan\u0131m\u0131 Kanunu \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde olu\u015fturulan \u0130l Toprak Koruma Kurullar\u0131n\u0131n kritik konularda genellikle Ziraat M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131 ve TEMA temsilcilerinin itirazlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n oy \u00e7oklu\u011fu ile karar almas\u0131 bu kayg\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kuvvetlendirmektedir. Kamu g\u00f6revlileri tar\u0131m arazilerini ama\u00e7lar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kullanacak yat\u0131r\u0131mlar i\u00e7in son derece basit ve kolay bir \u015fekilde al\u0131nabilen kamu yarar\u0131 karar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda tar\u0131m arazilerini genellikle \u00e7ok kolay g\u00f6zden \u00e7\u0131karabilmektedirler. Oysa yarg\u0131, en \u00fcst\u00fcn kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131n tar\u0131m arazilerini korumak oldu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir hassasiyetle \u00e7izmektedir. Bu nedenle de ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z yarg\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Dolayl\u0131 10 milyon ki\u015fi ge\u00e7iniyor<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zeytincilik, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yakla\u015f\u0131k 500 bin ailenin ge\u00e7im kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan bir sekt\u00f6rd\u00fcr. Zeytinlik sahalar meyvelik alanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n %25\u2019lik b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n

Zeytin \u00fcretimi t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada oldu\u011fu gibi \u00fclkemizde de istihdam ve di\u011fer sanayi kollar\u0131na pazar yaratmakta, y\u00fcksek katma de\u011feriyle do\u011frudan ya da dolayl\u0131 yoldan 10 milyon ki\u015finin ge\u00e7imini sa\u011flamakta, tar\u0131msal ve sosyoekonomik y\u00f6nden ciddi bir \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor. Di\u011fer yandan Anadolu ayn\u0131 zamanda zeytin a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n genetik anavatan\u0131. B\u00f6yle bir konumu olan \u00fclkemizde zeytinlik alanlar\u0131m\u0131z bir tak\u0131m bilimsel olmayan tan\u0131mlar ve imtiyazlarla ama\u00e7 d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131mlara a\u00e7\u0131lmamal\u0131.<\/p>\n

Halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcm bu konular\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda di\u011fer \u00f6nemli bir konu ise halk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131. Zeytin meyvesi \u00f6nemli miktarda bitkisel k\u00f6kenli antioksidanlar, mineraller ve vitaminleri i\u00e7erir. Oleik asit ve palmitoleik asit gibi kandaki k\u00f6t\u00fc kolesterol\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren ve iyi kolesterol\u00fc y\u00fckseltmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 tekli doymam\u0131\u015f ya\u011f asitlerini ihtiva eder. \u0130\u00e7erdi\u011fi antioksidanlarla kanser, kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, kimi sinir hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ve \u015feker hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 koruyucu \u00f6zelli\u011fi vard\u0131r. \u0130yi bir E vitamini kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca A ve K vitaminleri ile demir, kalsiyum, magnezyum ve potasyum mineralleri ve amino asitleri i\u00e7erir. B\u00fcnyesinde az miktarda B vitamini komplekslerini de bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek miktarda lif i\u00e7eri\u011fine sahip.<\/p>\n

Zeytinin faydalar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 kalp ve damar dostudur. Kolesterol\u00fc azaltarak damar t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nler. K\u00f6t\u00fc kolesterol\u00fc azalt\u0131rken iyi kolesterole dokunmaz. Mide asitli\u011fini azaltarak gastrit ve \u00fclsere kar\u015f\u0131 koruyucu rol oynar. Ba\u011f\u0131rsaklar taraf\u0131ndan en iyi emilen ya\u011fd\u0131r, ba\u011f\u0131rsaklardan ge\u00e7i\u015fi d\u00fczenler. Safra ta\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fumunu azalt\u0131r ve ta\u015flar\u0131n erimesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Kemik ve di\u015flerin geli\u015fmesini, h\u00fccre ve dokular\u0131n yenilenmesini sa\u011flar. Ya\u015flanmay\u0131 geciktirir. Hamile ve emziren annelerin beslenmesinde en uygun ya\u011fd\u0131r. Zengin antioksidan i\u00e7eri\u011finden dolay\u0131 ya\u015fl\u0131larda ve bebeklerde beyin ve sinir sisteminin geli\u015fim ve yenilenmesinde \u00f6nemli rol oynar. A, D ve E vitaminlerince zengin. Hazmolma derecesi en y\u00fcksek ya\u011flardan. Di\u011fer ya\u011flara g\u00f6re y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klara daha dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r, k\u0131zartmalarda kullan\u0131labilecek en sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ya\u011f.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6z konusu tasar\u0131n\u0131n mevcut haliyle yasala\u015fmas\u0131 durumunda zeytin ve zeytinya\u011f\u0131 \u00fcretiminde d\u00fcnyan\u0131n y\u00fckselen y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131 konumundaki \u00fclkemiz bu konumunu h\u0131zla kaybedece. Zeytinlik alanlar\u0131m\u0131z h\u0131zla daralacak ve tahrip olacak. Cumhuriyet tarihi boyunca zeytine ve zeytinya\u011f\u0131na verilen emek ve destekler bir \u00e7\u0131rp\u0131da silinecek. Halk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k kayna\u011f\u0131 olan zeytin ve zeytinya\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcketimimiz h\u0131zla d\u00fc\u015fecek, halk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131 artacak.<\/p>\n

Bakanl\u0131k spotu<\/strong><\/p>\n

G\u0131da Tar\u0131m ve Hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f olan ve tar\u0131m arazilerinin \u00f6nemini anlatmak \u00fczere televizyonlarda yay\u0131nlanan bir kamu spotunu hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m; \u201cDomates, biber, patl\u0131can; gelecek nesiller sadece resimlerini g\u00f6rebilir. Tar\u0131ma elveri\u015fli alanlar\u0131n tar\u0131m d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131 gelece\u011fimize indirilmi\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck bir darbedir. Bu gidi\u015fe siz de dur deyin. \u00dclkemizde yeterince uygun alan var. Binalar tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131na de\u011fil, imara uygun alanlara yap\u0131lmal\u0131. Tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131na yap\u0131lacak tar\u0131m d\u0131\u015f\u0131 faaliyetlere ruhsat verilmeyece\u011fini kamuoyunun bilgisine sayg\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131zla sunar\u0131z\u201d. Ancak, di\u011fer kamu spotlar\u0131 Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n web sayfas\u0131nda yer al\u0131rken, bu kamu spotunun sayfada yer alm\u0131yor olmas\u0131 (son kez 6.7.2014 g\u00fcn\u00fc kontrol edilmi\u015ftir) da biraz d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc!<\/p>\n

Meclis \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda g\u00f6rev yapan siyasi partilerin s\u00f6z konusu tasar\u0131y\u0131 son derece dikkatli incelemeleri gerekiyor. Yasalar\u0131m\u0131z \u00fcretimimizi ve sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 olumsuz y\u00f6nde hedef almamal\u0131, do\u011fay\u0131 tahrip etmemeli, halk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n takdirini alacak g\u00fczellikleri sa\u011flamal\u0131. (AA\/NV)<\/p>\n

*\u00a0Ahmet Atal\u0131k \/ Ziraat M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131 \u0130stanbul \u015eube Ba\u015fkan\u0131<\/p>\n

Kaynak\u00e7a<\/strong><\/p>\n

Anonim. 2013 Y\u0131l\u0131 Zeytin ve Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 Raporu. G\u00fcmr\u00fck ve Ticaret Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Kooperatif\u00e7ilik Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc. \u015eubat 2014<\/p>\n

Anonim. Ege Zeytin ve Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 \u0130hracat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 Birli\u011fi 2012\/13 Sezonu \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Raporu. \u0130zmir, 2013<\/p>\n

Anonim. 2013-2014 Sezonu Ege \u2013 Marmara B\u00f6lgesi Zeytin ve Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 Rekoltesi Tahmin Heyeti Raporu. \u0130zmir Ticaret Borsas\u0131.<\/p>\n

Anonim. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Zeytin ve Zeytinya\u011f\u0131. Ku\u015fadas\u0131 Ticaret Odas\u0131, Kuto Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.<\/p>\n

Anonim. Zeytinya\u011f\u0131. Ekonomi Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131. 2013<\/p>\n

Karabulut C. 2013 Y\u0131l\u0131 Zeytin ve Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 Raporu. Ayd\u0131n Ticaret Borsas\u0131. 2014<\/p>\n

\u00d6zkaya M.T. ve ark. T\u00fcrkiye Zeytincili\u011finin Sorunlar\u0131 ve \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00d6nerileri. Ziraat M\u00fchendisli\u011fi VII. Teknik Kongresi. Ankara, 11-15 Ocak 2010<\/p>\n

Se\u00e7er A., Emeksiz F. Do\u011fu Akdeniz B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nde Zeytin ve Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 \u00dcretimi, Pazarlamas\u0131 ve B\u00f6lgede Zeytincili\u011fi Geli\u015ftirme Olanaklar\u0131. Tar\u0131msal Ekonomi ve Politika Geli\u015ftirme Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc. Temmuz 2012<\/p>\n

ZMO \u0130stanbul \u015eube Bas\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131. Zeytinlikler Rant Odakl\u0131 Faaliyetlere A\u00e7\u0131lmak \u0130steniyor! 27 Haziran 2014<\/p>\n

Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler G\u0131da ve Tar\u0131m \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (FAO) www.faostat.fao.org<\/p>\n

\u0130zmir Zeytincilik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u0130stasyonu M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc www.zae.gov.tr<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye \u0130statistik Kurumu www.tuik.gov.tr<\/p>\n

Ulusal Zeytin ve Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 Konseyi www.uzzk.org<\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 Zeytin Konseyi (IOC) www.internationaloliveoil.org<\/p>\n

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