Mike Davis\u2019in d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131ndan gecekondular\u0131, zorla tahliyeleri ve y\u0131k\u0131mlar\u0131 anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Gecekondu Gezegeni (2006) adl\u0131 eserinin alt ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131ndan biri \u201cG\u00fczel Kent\u2019\u2019. Davis, 3. D\u00fcnya sakinlerinin, kentlerinde yer alacak spor kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmalar\u0131, olimpiyatlar, g\u00fczellik yar\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 gibi mega-etkinliklerden korku duyduklar\u0131n\u0131 belirttikten sonra bu korkunun temelsiz olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rneklerle ispatl\u0131yor. H\u00fck\u00fcmetleri taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u00f6rmemesi gereken \u201c\u00e7irkinler\u201d olarak nitelendirilen kent yoksullar\u0131, mega-etkinlikler vas\u0131tas\u0131yla kentten \u201ctemizlenirken\u201d, \u201cucube\u2019\u2019 mahalleleri de bu vesile ile sermayenin \u00e7\u0131kar ve talepleri do\u011frultusunda pazarlanacak \u015f\u0131k mekanlara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmekte. Davis bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde her ne kadar sadece 3.D\u00fcnya\u2019ya ve mega-etkinliklere odaklanm\u0131\u015f olsa da, hemen her yerde yoksullar\u0131n kentten s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilmeleri \u00fczerinden y\u00fckselen \u201cG\u00fczel Kent\u201d k\u00fcresel bir fenomen; bu ba\u011flamda mega etkinlikler bir kataliz\u00f6r.<\/p>\n
Yukar\u0131da kullan\u0131lan \u201cucube\u201d nitelemesi ise elbette Davis\u2019e de\u011fil, Avrupa K\u00fclt\u00fcr Ba\u015fkenti 2010 projesinin, d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\/yenileme olarak \u0130stanbul mahallelerinin ba\u015f\u0131nda patlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde Sulukule\u2019yi \u201co ucube halden\u201d kurtaracaklar\u0131n\u0131 buyuran zaman\u0131n Ba\u015fbakan\u0131na ait. Yine ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde, K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u00e7ekmece Belediye Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Aziz Yeniay\u2019\u0131n s\u00f6zleri ise Ba\u015fbakan\u0131na bile ta\u015f \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131racak cinsten. Olimpiyat Stad\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yan\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u00f6reklenmesiyle arazileri iyice k\u0131ymete binen Ayazma\u2019n\u0131n ya\u015fam standard\u0131n\u0131n Anadolu\u2019da dahi g\u00f6remeyece\u011fimiz bir d\u00fczeyde oldu\u011funa i\u015faret eden Ba\u015fkan, mahallenin \u201c\u00fcstelik uluslararas\u0131 alanda prestij olan Olimpiyat Stad\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yan\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda, TEM otoyolundan hemen g\u00f6r\u00fclebilecek bir noktada\u201d olmas\u0131ndan duydu\u011fu rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtir; ancak burada ilgin\u00e7 olan, kendi y\u00f6netim b\u00f6lgesindeki dar ko\u015fullar ve yoksulluktan de\u011fil, bunlar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fclebilecek olmalar\u0131ndan \u015fikayet etmesidir! Yeniay\u2019\u0131n 2008 tarihli kayg\u0131s\u0131, 2012 Macaristan\u2019\u0131nda bir yasada yerini alm\u0131\u015f ve Macar kentlerinin merkezleri ile tarihi ve turistik b\u00f6lgeleri \u201cg\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc kirlili\u011fi\u201d yaratt\u0131klar\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle evsizlere yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye nere Macaristan nere demeyin, neoliberal akl\u0131n yolu bir!<\/p>\n
Yeni kentsel d\u00fczende, yetkililerce, \u00e7irkin, d\u00fczensiz, kirli, ucube\u2026 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclenlere kentlerde yer yok; mahallelerine el konularak s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilirlerken kentin g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn de \u0131slah edildi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Mega etkinliklere ait istatistikler, s\u00fcreci net g\u00f6rmemizi sa\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli. \u00d6r ne\u011fin, 2008 Pekin Olimpiyatlar\u0131nda zorla tahliye edilen 1 milyon 250 bin ki\u015fi ile \u00c7in ba\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ekiyor. Dozerlenen tarihi Dazhalan mahallesinden bug\u00fcn pahal\u0131 butikler, l\u00fcks oteller, restoranlar, marka zincirler y\u00fckseliyor. G\u00fcndelik ya\u015fam\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrce akt\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczensiz mek\u00e2nlar\u0131n, enformel mahallerin \u015fimdi cetvelle \u00e7izilmi\u015f\u00e7esine d\u00fczg\u00fcn sokaklar\u0131n\u0131 turistler \u015fenlendirirken ya\u015fam da cetvelle \u00e7izilmi\u015f\u00e7esine d\u00fczg\u00fcn ak\u0131yor; burada her \u015fey ve herkes olmas\u0131 gereken yerde eylemesi gerekene, \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclemeyene, bilinmeyene yer yok. Buras\u0131 her yer ama ayn\u0131 zamanda hi\u00e7bir yer!<\/p>\n
\u00d6te yandan, \u201cG\u00fczel Kent\u201d sadece alt gelir gruplar\u0131 ve emek\u00e7i n\u00fcfuslar\u0131 yerlerinden etmekle kalm\u0131yor, kentlerini g\u00fczelle\u015ftirmek \u00fczere kollar\u0131 s\u0131vayan y\u00f6neticiler, kentsel kamusal alanlar\u0131 da hayvanlardan ar\u0131nd\u0131rmaya ba\u015fl\u0131yorlar. G\u00f6rselli\u011fin \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, yoksul olan kirli ve \u00e7irkin addedildi\u011fi gibi kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131namayan do\u011fal ya\u015fam da hijyenik olmayan, karga\u015fa yaratan, korkulan dolay\u0131s\u0131yla elimine edilmesi gereken olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Sokak kedileri ve k\u00f6pekleri toplan\u0131yor, bar\u0131naklarda dar ya\u015famlara b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131yor ve\/ya itlaf ediliyor. Baz\u0131 kentlerde meydanlar\u0131, kamusal alanlardaki an\u0131tlar\u0131, heykelleri kirletmesinler diye ku\u015flara bile sava\u015f a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131yor. Dikenli teller, sivri u\u00e7lu plastik \u00e7ubuklar vb. \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00f6ntemlerle ku\u015flar kovalan\u0131yor. Kovalanan sadece ku\u015flar de\u011fil, sivri u\u00e7lu metal \u00e7ubuklar da evsizlerin k\u0131smetine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor! Ma\u011fazalar\u0131n, apartmanlar\u0131n giri\u015flerinde yat\u0131p kalkmas\u0131nlar diye \u201canti-evsiz\u201d \u00e7ubuklar Amerika ve \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin kentlerinde arz\u0131 endam etmekteler!<\/p>\n
K\u00fcresel spotlar alt\u0131nda, d\u00fcnya bas\u0131n\u0131 ve kamuoyunun ama en \u00e7ok da sermayenin ilgisine mazhar olmak \u00fczere g\u00fczellik yar\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndaki adaylar misali allan\u0131p pullan\u0131p sahneye \u00e7\u0131kan yar\u0131\u015fmac\u0131 kentlerin \u00e7irkin, d\u00fczensiz, kirli, kontrol edilemeyen\u2026 ne varsa spotlardan ka\u00e7\u0131rmalar\u0131 gerekiyor. Nitekim D\u00fcnya Kupas\u0131 2014 \u00fclkesi Brezilya\u2019n\u0131n Recife kenti belediye ba\u015fkan\u0131 kenti g\u00fczelle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in sokak k\u00f6peklerini cadde ve sokaklardan uzakla\u015ft\u0131rmakla kalmay\u0131p toptan itlaf etmi\u015f. 2014 K\u0131\u015f Olimpiyatlar\u0131 kenti Sochi\u2019de de binlerce sokak k\u00f6pe\u011finin katledilmesi d\u00fcnya kamuoyunda yank\u0131 uyand\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Atina 2004 Olimpiyatlar\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde 15,000 sokak k\u00f6pe\u011fini zehirleyen yetkililer b\u00f6ylece k\u00f6peklerden ar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 sokaklar\u0131yla d\u00fcnyaya ne kadar \u201cmodern ve medeni\u201d! olduklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermek istemi\u015fler! 2008 Pekin Olimpiyatlar\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde ise, kedilerin hastal\u0131k riski ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131na halk\u0131 ikna eden \u00c7inli liderler, 500.000 kedi i\u00e7in toplama\/avlama karar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kartm\u0131\u015f, yakalad\u0131klar\u0131 kedileri a\u00e7 susuz darac\u0131k kafeslerde \u00f6l\u00fcme terk etmi\u015fler ve bu vah\u015fet, Olimpiyat kenti Pekin\u2019i \u201ctemiz, ye\u015fil ve misafirperver\u201d olarak sunmak ad\u0131na yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n
\u0130stanbul\u2019a gelirsek, kentin k\u00fcresel sermayeye pazarlanmas\u0131 80\u2019lerin ba\u015f\u0131ndan bu yana g\u00fcndemde olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen AKP iktidarlar\u0131 d\u00f6neminde ciddiyete bindi ve kentin markala\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, \u201cmutenala\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\u201d\/ \u201cg\u00fczelle\u015ftirilmesi\u2019\u2019 giri\u015fimleri ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131. Bu projede \u00e7irkine, d\u00fczensize, kirliye, da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k olana\u2026ya da yoksula, evsize, sokak hayvan\u0131na tahamm\u00fcl yok \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc sermayenin yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekebilmek i\u00e7in ambalaj\u0131n \u015f\u0131k olmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Ard\u0131 ard\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan ve her biri merkezi y\u00f6netimin elini bir \u00f6ncekinden daha \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7lendiren d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ve imar yasalar\u0131 ile alt gelir gruplar\u0131 ve emek\u00e7i mahallelerini \u201ctemizleyerek\u201d sermayenin l\u00fcks in\u015faatlar\u0131na a\u00e7an giri\u015fimci y\u00f6neticiler kentinde mahalleliler ile hayvanlar\u0131n\u0131n kaderleri kesi\u015fiyor: Belediyelerin sokak hayvanlar\u0131na sava\u015f a\u00e7malar\u0131n\u0131n mahalle y\u0131k\u0131mlar\u0131yla e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcml\u00fc olarak artmakta oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylersek yanl\u0131\u015f olmaz. Sulukule\u2019nin k\u00f6pekleri de Ayvansaray Tokludede\u2019nin her k\u00f6\u015feba\u015f\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan mutlu kedileri de Ayazma\u2019n\u0131n bah\u00e7elerinde \u00e7ocuklarla ko\u015fu\u015fanlar\u0131 da bug\u00fcn mahallelileri kadar yersiz yurtsuz, e\u011fer zalim ellerden kurtulup ya\u015f\u0131yorlarsa tabi.<\/p>\n
Kap\u0131da bekleyen yeni imar yasa tasar\u0131s\u0131 ve imar borsas\u0131 ile emek\u00e7i ve yoksullar\u0131n kentlerde bar\u0131nmalar\u0131 iyice imk\u00e2ns\u0131z hale gelirken mahalle y\u0131k\u0131mlar\u0131yla buralarda bar\u0131nan sokak hayvanlar\u0131 da ortada kalacak. Ek olarak, 3. Havaliman, 3.K\u00f6pr\u00fc projeleri nedeniyle, bug\u00fcn k\u00f6peklerin at\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 bu b\u00f6lgelerde yap\u0131la\u015fmalar artacak; l\u00fcks konut, villa, AVM projeleri s\u0131rada. Gidi\u015fat, k\u00f6pekler ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere, \u00f6nemli bir sokak hayvan\u0131 n\u00fcfusunun bir yerlere ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 ya da itlaf edilmesi gerekece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor. Balland\u0131r\u0131la, reklamlana anlat\u0131lan Anadolu yakas\u0131nda Tuzla, Avrupa yakas\u0131ndaki 20.000 hayvan kapasiteli K\u0131s\u0131rkaya hayvan bar\u0131naklar\u0131, Nazilerin \u00f6l\u00fcm kamplar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nceden haz\u0131rlamalar\u0131 misali, i\u015fte b\u00f6yle bir gereksinimden yola \u00e7\u0131karak in\u015fa edilmekteler.<\/p>\n
Nazizim kap\u0131da; mahallelerin kaderi, sokak hayvanlar\u0131n\u0131nkiyle s\u00fcrg\u00fcnde ortakla\u015f\u0131rken, o me\u015fhur \u00f6yk\u00fcdeki gibi en zay\u0131f ve g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fcz\u00fcnden ba\u015flayarak sonunda herkese s\u0131ra gelmeden harekete ge\u00e7me zaman\u0131.<\/p>\n
Kaynak:<\/strong><\/p>\n Mike Davis. Gecekondu Gezegeni (\u00e7ev. G\u00fcrol Koca).\u0130stanbul: Metis 2007.<\/em><\/p>\n \u2018G\u00f6zde Kazas. \u2018\u2019Macaristan\u2019da evsizlere sokak bile yasak\u2019\u2019, Ye\u015fil Gazete, 11.02.2014<\/em><\/p>\n Funda \u00d6zkan. \u2018\u2018Vatanda\u015f omuz vermezse kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme 500 y\u0131l da yetmez\u2019\u2019, Radikal, 10.01.2008.<\/em><\/p>\n \u2019Sulukule\u2019yi ucube halden kurtaraca\u011f\u0131z\u2019\u2019: http:\/\/arsiv.ntv.com.tr\/news\/439760.asp 2008.<\/em><\/p>\n Dark Side Sochi: http:\/\/www.triplepundit.com\/2014\/02\/dark-side-sochi\/<\/em><\/p>\n http:\/\/forcechange.com\/128114\/condemn-deadly-roundup-of-stray-dogs\/<\/em><\/p>\n http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/europe\/greece\/1466744\/Greeks-to-poison-up-to-15000-stray-dogs-before-the-Olympics.html<\/em><\/p>\n http:\/\/www.theblaze.com\/contributions\/top-10-anti-homeless-measures-used-in-the-united-states\/<\/em><\/p>\n http:\/\/www.pestawayaust.com.au\/spikes.html<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mike Davis\u2019in d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131ndan gecekondular\u0131, zorla tahliyeleri ve y\u0131k\u0131mlar\u0131 anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4689],"tags":[2281],"class_list":{"0":"post-14508","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-secki","8":"tag-cihan-baysal"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14508","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14508"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14508\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14508"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14508"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14508"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}