17 A\u011fustos 1999 Marmara Depremi, Afetlere \u0130li\u015fkin Y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteki Mevzuat\u0131n Eksikliklerini ve Sorunlar\u0131 Bir B\u00fct\u00fcn Olarak A\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00c7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p>\n
Marmara Depremi Sonras\u0131 Yap\u0131lan \u0130ncelemelerde Depremlerde Olu\u015fan Kay\u0131plar\u0131n % 80\u2018e Varan K\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n, Ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 Sistemlerin G\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Zarara Ba\u011fl\u0131 Olarak Tesisatlarda Olu\u015fan Hasarlar Nedeniyle Meydana Geldi\u011fi Tespit Edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
15 Milyon Civar\u0131ndaki Yap\u0131 Stokunun % 55\u2018i Ruhsats\u0131z ve Ka\u00e7ak, % 60\u2018\u0131 20 Ya\u015f \u00dczeri Konutlardan Olu\u015fmakta, % 40\u2018\u0131n\u0131n Depreme Kar\u015f\u0131 G\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi Gerekmektedir. Bu nedenle TMMOB ve Ba\u011fl\u0131 Meslek Odalar\u0131n\u0131n G\u00f6rev ve Yetkilerinin Netlikle Tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 Yeni Bir “Yap\u0131 Tasar\u0131m, \u00dcretim ve Denetim S\u00fcreci Modeli”ni \u0130\u00e7erecek Yeni Bir “Yap\u0131 Denetimi Yasas\u0131” \u00c7\u0131kar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n
17 A\u011fustos 1999 Marmara Depreminde 367 bin 479 konut ve i\u015fyeri hasar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f; resmi rakamlara g\u00f6re 17 bin 480 yurtta\u015f\u0131m\u0131z ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015f, 43 bin 953 yurtta\u015f\u0131m\u0131z yaralanm\u0131\u015f, 600 bin ki\u015fi evsiz kalm\u0131\u015f, yakla\u015f\u0131k 16 milyon insan depremden etkilenmi\u015f ve 12-19 milyar dolar ekonomik maliyet s\u00f6z konusu olmu\u015ftur. <\/p>\n
Topraklar\u0131n\u0131n % 93\u2018\u00fc, n\u00fcfusunun % 98\u2018i, sanayi kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n % 98\u2018i, barajlar\u0131n\u0131n % 95\u2018i deprem b\u00f6lgeleri i\u00e7inde bulunan ve bin civar\u0131ndaki enerji santralinin % 41\u2018inin birinci derece deprem b\u00f6lgesinde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2018nin b\u00fcy\u00fck Marmara Depreminden hen\u00fcz yeterince ders \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek olanakl\u0131 de\u011fildir. Afetler ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftikten sonra g\u00fcndeme gelen yara sarmac\u0131 ve zararlar\u0131n asgari d\u00fczeyde giderilmesi i\u00e7in mevzuat d\u00fczenlemelerine ba\u015fvurulmas\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, Marmara depreminde de izlenen yanl\u0131\u015f bir y\u00f6ntem olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
“T\u00fcrkiye\u2018de Deprem Ger\u00e7e\u011fi ve TMMOB Makina M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131\u2018n\u0131n \u00d6nerileri” Oda Raporunda da irdeledi\u011fimiz \u00fczere, depremlerin etkileri n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011fu yan\u0131nda esasen sanayile\u015fme ve \u00f6zellikle yanl\u0131\u015f kentle\u015fme\/yap\u0131la\u015fma politikalar\u0131 ile yak\u0131ndan ilgilidir. Bu noktada y\u0131llard\u0131r uygulanan siyasi ve ekonomik rant ama\u00e7l\u0131, hatal\u0131 ve denetimsiz yap\u0131la\u015fma dikkat \u00e7ekicidir. <\/p>\n
Kamusal hizmetlerde oldu\u011fu gibi afetlerle ilgili yasa ve mevzuatlara ili\u015fkin yakla\u015f\u0131mlarda da \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme ve piyasaya a\u00e7\u0131lmac\u0131l\u0131k egemen k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yeni bir b\u00fcy\u00fck deprem olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n deprem b\u00f6lgelerindeki okullar, hastaneler ve di\u011fer kamu yap\u0131lar\u0131 bilimsel olarak incelenmemi\u015f, kentsel ya\u015famda rant olgusu, can ve mal g\u00fcvenli\u011fi kayg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n
M\u00fchendislik \u00f6nlemlerini i\u00e7eren “afet y\u00f6netimi” \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmemi\u015f, Deprem \u015euras\u0131, Ulusal Deprem Konseyi olu\u015fumu v.b. giri\u015fimlerin hakk\u0131 verilmemi\u015f, 2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda olu\u015fturulan ve \u00f6nemli saptamalarda bulunan Ulusal Deprem Konseyi 2007 ba\u015f\u0131nda feshedilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Di\u011fer yandan yap\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli olu\u015fu, tasar\u0131mdan projelendirme ve \u00fcretime kadar “yap\u0131 denetimi” konusunu birinci dereceden \u00f6nemli k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ancak 1999 sonras\u0131 “yap\u0131 denetimi d\u00fczenlemeleri”nde denetimsiz yap\u0131la\u015fmay\u0131 te\u015fvik eden, kamusal denetim alan\u0131n\u0131 ticarile\u015ftirerek \u00f6zelle\u015ftiren, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 reddeden, meslek odalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nerilerine kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kapatan bir yakla\u015f\u0131m tercih edilmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n
4708 say\u0131l\u0131 Yap\u0131 Denetim Yasas\u0131\u2018nda ciddi eksik ve yanl\u0131\u015flar bulunmaktad\u0131r. Yasa, milli gelirden en y\u00fcksek pay\u0131 alan 19 ili kapsamaktad\u0131r. “T\u00fcrkiye Deprem Haritas\u0131”na g\u00f6re 35\u2018i “Birinci Dereceden Deprem B\u00f6lgesi” i\u00e7inde yer alan di\u011fer 62 ilimizin yasa kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutulmas\u0131, yap\u0131 denetimine ne denli ticari yakla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. <\/p>\n
Di\u011fer yandan yasa yap\u0131lar\u0131 yaln\u0131zca bina ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 sistemlerden ibaret g\u00f6rmektedir. Oysa Marmara Depremi sonras\u0131 yap\u0131lan incelemeler, olu\u015fan kay\u0131plar\u0131n % 80\u2018e varan k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n, ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 sistemlerin g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc zarara ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak tesisatlarda olu\u015fan hasarlar nedeniyle meydana geldi\u011fini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n
Ayr\u0131ca 1999 depreminde hasar tespitleriyle ilgili ya\u015fanan hukuki kaosun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck rol oynayan; hasar tespit \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na kat\u0131lan personelin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn deneyimli, e\u011fitimli, belgelendirilmi\u015f olmamas\u0131 ve hasar tespit \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctleri ile hasar tespit formlar\u0131n\u0131n yeterli olmamas\u0131 gibi sorunlar halen \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmemi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n
15 milyon civar\u0131nda yap\u0131 stokunun bulundu\u011fu ve bu stokun % 55\u2018inin ruhsats\u0131z ve ka\u00e7ak, % 60\u2018\u0131n\u0131n 20 ya\u015f \u00fczeri konutlardan olu\u015ftu\u011fu ve % 40\u2018\u0131n\u0131n depreme kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Ancak 2010-2014 y\u0131llar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar i\u00e7in, “\u00c7ok say\u0131da binan\u0131n detayl\u0131 m\u00fchendislik hesaplar\u0131 ile deprem g\u00fcvenli\u011fini belirlemek hem insan kayna\u011f\u0131 hem de finansal a\u00e7\u0131dan m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir” denilerek \u00fclkemiz m\u00fchendislik birikimi ve kamusal denetim tasfiye edilmek istenmektedir. <\/p>\n
Bu ger\u00e7eklere deprem b\u00f6lgesindeki sanayi tesisleri, enerji, yak\u0131t hatlar\u0131 yerle\u015fimi sorunlar\u0131 ve yanl\u0131\u015f do\u011falgaz uygulamalar\u0131 da eklenmektedir. Bu noktada uzmanl\u0131k alan\u0131m\u0131z olan do\u011falgaz projelendirme ve tesisat montaj faaliyetleri TMMOB Makina M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131\u2018n\u0131n denetimi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, yer yer m\u00fchendis bile olmayan ki\u015filerce y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmektedir. Bu konuda \u00f6zellikle \u0130GDA\u015e ve di\u011fer illerdeki kentsel gaz da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m kurulu\u015flar\u0131 ile EPDK, Odam\u0131z\u0131n \u0131srarla s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc denetim ve g\u00f6zetim i\u00e7in i\u015fbirli\u011fi tekliflerine duyarl\u0131 ve a\u00e7\u0131k olmal\u0131d\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n
Deprem sorununa kal\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6nlemler i\u00e7in baz\u0131 \u00f6nerilerimiz \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n
\u2022\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 M\u00fchendislik, mimarl\u0131k ve \u015fehir planc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 hizmetleri yoluyla bilim ve tekni\u011fin toplum yarar\u0131na sunumu ve sosyal devletin planl\u0131, dengeli kalk\u0131nma, b\u00f6lgesel planlama gibi unutulmu\u015f ara\u00e7lar\u0131 deprem, kent ve g\u00fcvenli yap\u0131la\u015fmada devreye sokulmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n
\u2022\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00dcniversiteler, TMMOB ve ba\u011fl\u0131 meslek odalar\u0131 ile uygulamac\u0131 kamu kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n birikimine dayanarak, piyasac\u0131\/\u00f6zelle\u015ftirmeci anlay\u0131\u015flardan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir \u00f6nlemler b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturulmal\u0131; deprem \u00f6ncesi, deprem s\u0131ras\u0131 ve sonras\u0131nda yap\u0131lacak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ili\u015fkin kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zeten ulusal bir deprem politikas\u0131 belirlenmeli, bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede bir Ulusal Deprem Stratejisi, T\u00fcrkiye Deprem Master Plan\u0131 ve Afet Y\u00f6netimi Stratejik Plan\u0131 haz\u0131rlanmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n
\u2022\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130mar, Yap\u0131, D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Alanlar\u0131, Yap\u0131 Denetim ve Afet Yasalar\u0131 TMMOB ve ba\u011fl\u0131 Odalar, \u00fcniversiteler ve ilgili kesimlerin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla yeniden d\u00fczenlenmelidir. <\/p>\n
\u2022\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Deprem hasar\u0131 ve can kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131 denetiminde planlama, tasar\u0131m, \u00fcretim ve denetim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin yeniden d\u00fczenlenmesine ve meslek odalar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrece daha etkin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak yeni bir tasar\u0131m, \u00fcretim ve denetim s\u00fcreci modeline ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r. \u0130mar Yasas\u0131 ve ba\u011fl\u0131 ikincil mevzuat bu model esas al\u0131narak d\u00fczenlenmeli; ticarile\u015ftirmeyi esas alan mevcut Yap\u0131 Denetimi Yasas\u0131 \u00f6zel olarak iptal edilmeli ve yeni bir yasa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n
\u2022\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 “Yap\u0131 denetimi”nin anahtar\u0131 “mesleki denetim”, onun olmazsa olmaz ko\u015fulu da TMMOB\u2018ye ba\u011fl\u0131 meslek odalar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc “Uzmanl\u0131k ve Belgelendirme” faaliyetleridir. Yap\u0131 Denetimi ile ilgili kamusal yap\u0131lanmalarda TMMOB ve ba\u011fl\u0131 Odalar, g\u00f6rev, yetki ve sorumluluklar\u0131 tan\u0131mlanarak temsil edilmelidir. Denet\u00e7i belgeleri ve takibi TMMOB\u2018ye ba\u011fl\u0131 Odalar taraf\u0131ndan verilmelidir. Yap\u0131 denetimi mekanizmas\u0131nda yer alan meslekta\u015flar\u0131n sicilleri TMMOB ve ilgili Odalar taraf\u0131ndan tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Meslek i\u00e7i e\u011fitimler TMMOB\u2018ye ba\u011fl\u0131 Odalarca yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n
\u2022\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bina ve do\u011fal eki mekanik tesisat\u0131n\u0131n tasar\u0131m, \u00fcretim ve bak\u0131m\u0131nda \u00fcretenler ve denetleyenler MMO taraf\u0131ndan belgelendirilmi\u015f konunun uzman\u0131 m\u00fchendisler olmal\u0131 ve bu husus yasal d\u00fczenlemeler ile Yap\u0131 Denetimi Yasas\u0131nda \u00f6zel olarak yer almal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n
\u2022\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Deprem ve yap\u0131 denetimiyle ilgili davalarda mahkemeler TMMOB\u2018ye ba\u011fl\u0131 ilgili Odalarla kurumsal ili\u015fki geli\u015ftirmeli, bilirki\u015filik sistemi g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilmelidir.<\/p>\n
\u2022\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 TMMOB taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan “Yetkili M\u00fchendis, Mimar ve \u015eehir Planc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n Belirlenmesi ve Belgelendirilmesine \u0130li\u015fkin Kanun Tasar\u0131s\u0131” ivedilikle yasala\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n
\u2022\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Deprem tehlike analizlerinde kullan\u0131lan ve temel veri taban\u0131 niteli\u011findeki “Diri Fay Veri Taban\u0131” olu\u015fturularak i\u015fler hale getirilmelidir.<\/p>\n
Okul ve hastaneler ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere kamu yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n depreme kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fcvenli olup olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n tespiti i\u00e7in konunun uzman\u0131 m\u00fchendisler taraf\u0131ndan kontrollerine y\u00f6nelik bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ba\u015flat\u0131lmal\u0131, bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada \u00dcniversiteler, TMMOB\u2018ye ba\u011fl\u0131 ilgili Meslek Odalar\u0131 ve Belediyelerin yer almas\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\u2022\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 I. ve II. s\u0131n\u0131f gayri s\u0131hhi m\u00fcesseseler kapsam\u0131na giren tesislerin birbirlerine g\u00fcvenlik-yakla\u015fma mesafelerinin ne olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi konusunda gerekli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131larak, standartlar ve ko\u015fullar imar mevzuat\u0131na aktar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n
\u2022\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Deprem b\u00f6lgelerinde bulunan LPG depolama ve dolum tesisleri gibi t\u00fcm end\u00fcstriyel tesislerin risk analizlerinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr tesislerin g\u00fcvenlik mesafelerinin ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131 risklere g\u00f6re yeniden belirlenmesi bir zorunluluktur. Bu mesafeler i\u00e7inde yer alan yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131n\u0131n kamula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lma finansman\u0131 tesis sahipleri taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flanmal\u0131, bu alanlar Bakanlar Kurulu Karar\u0131 ile “afet b\u00f6lgesi”, “yap\u0131 yasakl\u0131 alan” ilan edilmelidir. <\/p>\n
\u2022\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sa\u011fl\u0131k, su, ya\u011fmur suyu, at\u0131k su, s\u0131cak su, k\u0131zg\u0131n su, buhar, k\u0131zg\u0131n ya\u011f, \u0131s\u0131tma, so\u011futma, asans\u00f6r, do\u011falgaz, LPG, sanayi gaz\u0131, yak\u0131t, yang\u0131n, acil durum\/\u0131\u015f\u0131kland\u0131rma, yang\u0131n, elektrik, yal\u0131t\u0131m, g\u00fcvenlik, depolama, havuz, ileti\u015fim, ula\u015ft\u0131rmaya ili\u015fkin t\u00fcm tesisat uygulamalar\u0131 deprem, acil ve afet durumlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan incelenmeli ve TMMOB ve ba\u011fl\u0131 Odalar\u0131n\u0131n e\u011fitim, belgelendirme, denetim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine tabi k\u0131l\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n
\u2022\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Do\u011falgaz, elektrik, \u0131s\u0131tma kazanlar\u0131, jenerat\u00f6rler ve gaz tesisatlar\u0131 i\u00e7in erken uyar\u0131c\u0131 ve gaz\/ak\u0131m kesici sistemler uygulanmal\u0131, denetimleri meslek odalar\u0131nca y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmelidir. <\/p>\n
Do\u011falgaz firmalar\u0131n\u0131n MMO\u2018dan yetki belgeli m\u00fchendislerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Do\u011falgaz projeleri ve montaj denetimlerinin MMO\u2018nun mesleki denetiminden ge\u00e7irilmesi sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\u2022\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bu \u00f6nlemler yan\u0131 s\u0131ra binalar ve sanayi tesislerindeki mekanik tesisat ve do\u011fal gaz tesisatlar\u0131na ili\u015fkin kamuoyunun bilin\u00e7lenmesi sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Toplumun bilin\u00e7lendirilmesi meslek odalar\u0131, \u00fcniversiteler, ilgili kamu kurumlar\u0131 ve ilgili kurulu\u015flar\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla ve bir seferberlik atmosferi i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n
Depremlere kar\u015f\u0131 toplumsal \u00f6nlemler ba\u011flam\u0131nda mahallelerden ba\u015flayarak kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 temel alan \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmelere y\u00f6nelinmelidir.
Deprem m\u00fchendisli\u011fi ile ilgili lisans program\u0131 \u00f6nerilerinin tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.
Makina M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131, deprem sonras\u0131nda ya\u015famlar\u0131 karanl\u0131\u011fa s\u00fcr\u00fcklenen insanlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sosyal deprem ve umutsuzlu\u011fu, bir gecede kararan hayatlar\u0131, y\u0131k\u0131lan hayalleri unutmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00fct\u00fcn yetkilileri bir kez daha uyar\u0131yor, duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa davet ediyor ve \u00f6nlemler b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in i\u015fbirli\u011fine \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131yoruz. <\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Emin KORAMAZ<\/strong><\/p>\n TMMOB MAK\u0130NA M\u00dcHEND\u0130SLER\u0130 ODASI<\/strong><\/p>\n Y\u00f6netim Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"17 A\u011fustos 1999 Marmara Depremi, Afetlere \u0130li\u015fkin Y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteki Mevzuat\u0131n Eksikliklerini ve Sorunlar\u0131 Bir B\u00fct\u00fcn Olarak A\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00c7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \nMarmara Depremi Sonras\u0131 Yap\u0131lan \u0130ncelemelerde Depremlerde Olu\u015fan Kay\u0131plar\u0131n % 80\u2018e Varan K\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n, Ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 Sistemlerin G\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Zarara Ba\u011fl\u0131 Olarak Tesisatlarda Olu\u015fan Hasarlar Nedeniyle Meydana Geldi\u011fi Tespit Edilmi\u015ftir.\n15 Milyon Civar\u0131ndaki Yap\u0131 Stokunun % 55\u2018i Ruhsats\u0131z ve Ka\u00e7ak, % 60\u2018\u0131 20 Ya\u015f \u00dczeri Konutlardan Olu\u015fmakta, % 40\u2018\u0131n\u0131n Depreme Kar\u015f\u0131 G\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi Gerekmektedir. Bu nedenle TMMOB ve Ba\u011fl\u0131 Meslek Odalar\u0131n\u0131n G\u00f6rev ve Yetkilerinin Netlikle Tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 Yeni Bir “Yap\u0131 Tasar\u0131m, \u00dcretim ve Denetim S\u00fcreci Modeli”ni \u0130\u00e7erecek Yeni Bir “Yap\u0131 Denetimi Yasas\u0131” \u00c7\u0131kar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2010],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-1483","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-basin-aciklamalari"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1483","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1483"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1483\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1483"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1483"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1483"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}