\nG\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda tar\u0131m politikalar\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli i\u015fletmeleri tasfiye ediyor. Sermaye, tar\u0131m\/g\u0131da \u015firketleriyle end\u00fcstriyel tar\u0131m ve s\u00f6zle\u015fmeli \u00fcreticilik modelini dayat\u0131yor. B\u00f6ylece bir yandan \u00fcretilen\/pazarlanan tohum, ila\u00e7 ve g\u00fcbre gibi tar\u0131m girdilerine pazar yarat\u0131l\u0131yor; di\u011fer yandan tar\u0131mda tekellerin hakimiyeti g\u00fc\u00e7leniyor.
\nT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de tar\u0131m politikalar\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7ift\u00e7ileri korumak yerine b\u00fcy\u00fck ve orta \u00e7ift\u00e7ilere y\u00f6nelik uygulan\u0131yor. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00fcreticiler fillerin aras\u0131nda yok oluyor. Tar\u0131mda verimlilik esas al\u0131narak \u015firket tar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 te\u015fvik ediliyor. Oysa tar\u0131m alan\u0131nda yaln\u0131zca verimlili\u011fin dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 yoksullu\u011fun kal\u0131c\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131, e\u015fitsizliklerin artmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na geliyor.<\/p>\n
\u015eirket egemenli\u011fi g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fini tehdit ediyor<\/strong> Sermayenin hakim oldu\u011fu tar\u0131msal girdi ve g\u0131da piyasalar\u0131nda kamu deste\u011finden yoksun b\u0131rak\u0131lan, esas olarak k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck arazi m\u00fclkiyeti ve aile i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fcne dayal\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00fcreticilik; tohum, g\u00fcbre, ila\u00e7 gibi tar\u0131msal girdi fiyatlar\u0131 ile tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin pazar fiyatlar\u0131 \u00fczerinden ikili bir s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc k\u0131skac\u0131 alt\u0131nda. Bu durum tar\u0131m\u0131n terk edilmesi (m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirme\/i\u015f\u00e7ile\u015ftirme) s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131yor. End\u00fcstriyel \u00fcretime uygun b\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k, tavuk\u00e7uluk, serac\u0131l\u0131k, ihracata y\u00f6nelik \u00fcretim gibi sekt\u00f6rlerden ba\u015flayarak tar\u0131mda \u015firketle\u015fme ile sermayenin tar\u0131ma n\u00fcfuzu ivme kazan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n Geleneksel arac\u0131lar devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131, arac\u0131 \u015firketler sekt\u00f6rde<\/strong> Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik yok oluyor, su t\u00fckeniyor, toprak kirleniyor<\/strong> Tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim-g\u0131da \u00fcretimi gibi hayati bir konuda halk\u0131n kendi g\u0131da \u00fcretim ve t\u00fcketim sistemlerini, do\u011faya, insana, eme\u011fe sayg\u0131l\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde geli\u015ftirmesi gerekiyor. G\u0131dan\u0131n adil da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131, g\u00fcvenli ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 g\u0131daya ula\u015fmak sermayeyi, end\u00fcstriyel tar\u0131m \u015firketlerini tar\u0131m ve g\u0131da alan\u0131ndan el \u00e7ektirecek m\u00fccadelelerle m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olacak.<\/p>\n Dr. Necdet Oral<\/strong>
\nY\u00fcksek bir tar\u0131m potansiyeline sahip olan T\u00fcrkiye, 1980\u2019li y\u0131llardan bug\u00fcne uygulanan neoliberal politikalar sonucunda tar\u0131mda net ithalat\u00e7\u0131 konuma d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Tar\u0131m \u00fcretiminin art\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n gerisinde kald\u0131, g\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 giderek b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc. Kimi b\u00f6lgelerde yar\u0131-feodal \u00fcretim ili\u015fkileri varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korusa da \u00fclke genelinde tar\u0131m\/g\u0131da \u015firketlerine ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131, s\u00f6zle\u015fmeli \u00fcreticilik hayata ge\u00e7irildi. Tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fclkiyeti el de\u011fi\u015ftirdi. Tar\u0131m \u00fcretimine ba\u011fl\u0131 olan g\u0131da egemenli\u011fi yerli\/yabanc\u0131 \u015firketlerin hakimiyetine girdi.<\/p>\n![\"spot\"](\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/spot.jpg\")
<\/a>
\nSermayenin hakimiyeti tar\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fcndeki \u00fcretici halka birlikte g\u0131da harcamalar\u0131 s\u00fcrekli artan geni\u015f bir halk kesimini de olumsuz etkiliyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin g\u0131da perakendecili\u011fi sekt\u00f6r\u00fcne hakim olan hipermarketler, \u00fcreticilerden s\u00f6zle\u015fmeli \u00fcretim \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ucuza ald\u0131klar\u0131 ya\u015f meyve ve sebzeleri geleneksel arac\u0131lar\u0131 devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakmalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n y\u00fcksek fiyatlarla sat\u0131yor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimin b\u00fcy\u00fck miktar\u0131 hala k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00fcreticiler taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilse de g\u0131da zincirindeki sistem \u00fcreticileri de\u011fil; arac\u0131 \u015firketleri koruyor. Arac\u0131lar korunup kollan\u0131rken g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00fcreticiler ise g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fcz durumda b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131yor. B\u00f6ylelikle tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin \u00fcretici ve t\u00fcketici fiyatlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda 4 ile 10 katl\u0131k farkla kazanan yaln\u0131zca tar\u0131m \u015firketleri oluyor. Sistem tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimde \u015firket tar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik ediyor.<\/p>\n
\nSermayenin tar\u0131m ve g\u0131da alan\u0131nda s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc politikalar biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik, toprak ve su gibi do\u011fal zenginlikler i\u00e7in de tehdit olu\u015fturuyor. \u00c7ift\u00e7ilerin kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerel tohum \u00e7e\u015fitleri ve geleneksel tar\u0131m pratiklerinin binlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi yenileyip geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi biliniyor. Tohum end\u00fcstrisi ise tar\u0131mdaki genetik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin y\u00fczde 75\u2032ini yok etti. Toprak ve su gibi do\u011fal varl\u0131klar kimyasal ila\u00e7lar\u0131n g\u00fcbrelerin y\u00fcksek miktarda kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 end\u00fcstriyel tar\u0131mla kirletildi.<\/p>\n
\n Ziraat M\u00fchendisi<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Son g\u00fcnlerde \u201cd\u00fcnyada g\u0131da fiyatlar\u0131 h\u0131zla d\u00fc\u015ferken, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de enflasyonu hortlatacak oranlarda art\u0131\u015f…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4713,1991],"tags":[2473,1221],"class_list":{"0":"post-16421","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-gida-yazilar","8":"category-yazilar","9":"tag-gida-fiyatlari","10":"tag-gida-guvenligi"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16421","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16421"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16421\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16421"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16421"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16421"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}