{"id":1696,"date":"2009-11-05T06:27:27","date_gmt":"2009-11-05T03:27:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/\/?p=1696"},"modified":"2019-01-28T18:37:54","modified_gmt":"2019-01-28T15:37:54","slug":"10-soruda-gdo-ciftci-sen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/10-soruda-gdo-ciftci-sen\/","title":{"rendered":"10 Soruda GDO – \u00c7ift\u00e7i-Sen"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Bro\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcn PDF halini indirmek i\u00e7in\u00a0t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00d6NS\u00d6Z<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n

Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere tohum, bitkisel \u00fcretimin ve g\u0131da zincirinin ilk halkas\u0131d\u0131r. Tar\u0131m tohumun bulunmas\u0131yla ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tohum olmazsa tar\u0131m ve g\u0131da olmaz.\u00a0Topra\u011fa g\u00fcbre (organik-kimyasal) sa\u00e7mazsan\u0131z, bitkiye veya b\u00f6ce\u011fe ila\u00e7 atmazsan\u0131z az da olsa bir miktar \u00fcr\u00fcn alabilirsiniz. Ama topra\u011fa tohum sa\u00e7mazsan\u0131z \u00fcr\u00fcn elde edemezsiniz. Bu nedenle \u00fcretici k\u00f6yl\u00fcler ve t\u00fcketiciler i\u00e7in tohum ya\u015famla e\u015f anlamdad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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\u015eirketlerin en b\u00fcy\u00fck hayali de \u00e7ift\u00e7iyi\/k\u00f6yl\u00fcy\u00fc kendilerine ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 k\u0131lmak i\u00e7in tohumu ele ge\u00e7irmektir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimi kendi denetimleri alt\u0131na almak isteyen \u015firketler bilirler ki, e\u011fer \u00e7ift\u00e7inin tohumu varsa d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan hi\u00e7bir girdi almadan bile \u00fcretim yapabilir. \u00c7ekici g\u00fcc\u00fc kendi hayvanlar\u0131yla sa\u011flayabilir, g\u00fcbreyi hayvanlar\u0131ndan ve bitkilerinden elde edebilir, zararl\u0131larla kendi y\u00f6ntem ve deneyimleriyle ba\u015f edebilir. Evet, bu nedenle, \u015fu konu \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir: \u015eirketlerin tar\u0131m ve g\u0131dada egemenlik kurmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in tohumu ele ge\u00e7irmeleri \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Onun i\u00e7in \u015firketler \u00f6nce hibrit tohumlar\u0131 geli\u015ftirdiler. \u015eimdi de tohumlar\u0131n genleriyle oynuyorlar. Bitkinin genetik yap\u0131s\u0131, bir kere olgunla\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra bir daha filizlenmesini engelleyen bir gen yerle\u015ftiriyorlar. Bu i\u015flemden sonra elde ettikleri tohumlara patent al\u0131yorlar ve tohumun sahibi oluyorlar. \u015eirketlerin bu tohumunu kullanan \u00e7ift\u00e7iler \u015firketlere her y\u0131l para \u00f6deyerek tohum almak zorunda kal\u0131yor. \u00c7ift\u00e7i \u015firketten ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 tohumu ektikten sonra elde etti\u011fi \u00fcr\u00fcnden tohumlu\u011funu ay\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yine \u015firkete \u00f6deme yapmak zorunda olacak. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015firketler patent yoluyla tohumun sahibi yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumda!<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca bitkinin genetik yap\u0131s\u0131na ba\u015fka bir gen yerle\u015ftirme y\u00f6ntemi sayesinde \u015firketler, tohumlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda ila\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 da satm\u0131\u015f olacaklar. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle \u00e7ift\u00e7iler olarak bizler tohumla birlikte ayn\u0131 \u015firketin ilac\u0131n\u0131 da almak mecburiyetinde kalaca\u011f\u0131z. Bu y\u00f6ntemle \u015firketler s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc kalemini ikiye katlayacak ve bizleri her y\u0131l kendilerinden tohum ve ila\u00e7 almaya mecbur edecekler. K\u0131sacas\u0131 bu i\u015fleyi\u015f \u015firketlere kazand\u0131racak. Biz \u00e7ift\u00e7ileri ise sadece zarar ettirmekle kalmayacak, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00e7o\u011fumuzun topra\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kaybetmemize neden olacak, \u015firketlere ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 k\u00f6le haline getirecektir.<\/p>\n

Bilmemiz gereken bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli konu da \u015fudur. Bug\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlar\u0131n \u00fcretilmesi, sat\u0131lmas\u0131 ve kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 kanunen yasakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ancak b\u00fcy\u00fck tar\u0131m, ila\u00e7 ve g\u0131da \u015firketleri geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohum kullanman\u0131n serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u201cMeclis toplans\u0131n yasa \u00e7\u0131kars\u0131n\u201d istiyorlar. \u00c7\u0131kar\u0131lacak Yasada \u201cgeneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlar\u0131n \u00fcretilmesi, sat\u0131lmas\u0131 ve kullan\u0131m\u0131 serbest olsun\u201d diyorlar.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen Ulusal Biyog\u00fcvenlik Yasa tasla\u011f\u0131nda geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlar\u0131n \u201c\u00fcretim ve sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131, bu konuda yasa\u011f\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\u201d ama\u00e7l\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma oldu\u011fu, bizzat Devlet Bakan\u0131 ve H\u00fck\u00fcmet S\u00f6zc\u00fcs\u00fc Cemil \u00c7i\u00e7ek taraf\u0131ndan kamuoyuna a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Gerek\u00e7e olarak da, geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlar; \u201cverimlili\u011fi artt\u0131r\u0131r, daha az ila\u00e7 kullanmay\u0131 sa\u011flar, a\u00e7l\u0131\u011fa ve yoksullu\u011fa \u00e7are olur\u201d diye g\u00f6steriyorlar. Ger\u00e7ek olmayan bu as\u0131ls\u0131z s\u00f6ylem ve propagandalarla kamuoyunu yan\u0131lt\u0131yorlar, biz \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin de kafalar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n

Bu nedenle \u00c7ift\u00e7i Sendikalar\u0131 Konfederasyonu olarak, bu bro\u015f\u00fcr\u00fc haz\u0131rlayarak geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlarla ilgili bilgi payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda bulunmak istedik.<\/p>\n

Sayg\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131zla\u2026<\/p>\n

\u00c7ift\u00e7i Sen Y\u00f6netim Kurulu<\/strong><\/p>\n

10 SORUDA GENET\u0130\u011e\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

DE\u011e\u0130\u015eT\u0130R\u0130LM\u0130\u015e ORGAN\u0130ZMALAR<\/strong><\/p>\n

(GDO)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Giri\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ulusal Biyog\u00fcvenlik Yasas\u0131 do\u011fa i\u00e7in Anayasa niteli\u011finde olmas\u0131 gereken bir yasad\u0131r. Tohumculuk Kanunu ise do\u011fan\u0131n anayasas\u0131na uygun bir kanun olarak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken bir\u00a0kanundu.\u00a0<\/em>Tohum \u015firketlerinin bast\u0131rmas\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00f6nce Tohumculuk Kanunu \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. \u015eimdi Ulusal Biyog\u00fcvenlik Yasas\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Tohumculuk Kanunu\u2019nun do\u011fay\u0131 ve \u00e7ift\u00e7iyi koruyan bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u00e7ift\u00e7iyi de do\u011fay\u0131 da yoksulla\u015ft\u0131ran bir yasa oldu\u011fu biliniyor.<\/p>\n

\u015eimdi de \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lacak Ulusal Biyog\u00fcvenlik Yasas\u0131\u2019nda geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlar\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131, sat\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u00fcretimde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na serbestlik getirilece\u011fi s\u00f6yleniyor. Peki, geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlar\u0131n serbest\u00e7e al\u0131nmas\u0131 sat\u0131lmas\u0131 ve geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlarla \u00fcretim yap\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fclke ekonomisine ve \u00fcretici k\u00f6yl\u00fclere, \u00e7ift\u00e7ilere yararl\u0131 m\u0131 yoksa zararl\u0131 m\u0131 olacak? Gelin 10 soruda buna cevap bulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fal\u0131m.<\/p>\n

1 –\u00a0\u00c7ift\u00e7ilerin hasattan tohumunu ay\u0131rma hakk\u0131 ihlal ediliyor mu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bilindi\u011fi gibi biz k\u00f6yl\u00fcler geleneksel (bilge) k\u00f6yl\u00fc tar\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yeniden ekilmek \u00fczere \u00fcretti\u011fimiz \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczden tohumlu\u011fumuzu ay\u0131rabiliyor ve saklayabiliyorduk. Bu ama\u00e7la Tar\u0131m Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan k\u00f6ylerde kurulmu\u015f olan selekt\u00f6r dairelerinde, \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczden ay\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z tohumluklar\u0131 yabani tohumlardan ay\u0131r\u0131yor, yeterli irilikte ve olgunlukta olanlar\u0131 se\u00e7iyor, kullan\u0131yorduk. \u00dcretimimizi bu \u015fekilde ay\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z tohumlu\u011fumuzla \u00f6zg\u00fcr bir bi\u00e7imde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyorduk. Tar\u0131m\u0131 ve \u00e7ift\u00e7iyi var eden, tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimin g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar s\u00fcrmesini sa\u011flayan bu\u00a0bitki \u00fcretme hakk\u0131m\u0131z\u00a0<\/strong><\/em>ilk\u00f6nce selekt\u00f6r dairelerinin kapat\u0131lmas\u0131, daha sonra da d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan tohum al\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131yla budanmaya ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ard\u0131ndan milyarlarca \u00e7ift\u00e7iye ait olan\u00a0bitki\u00a0<\/strong>\u00fcretme hakk\u0131 \u015fimdilerde say\u0131lar\u0131 10\u2032u bulmayan tohum \u015firketlerine tohumlar\u0131 patentleme izni verilerek elimizden al\u0131n\u0131yor. Biz \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin \u00fcretti\u011fimiz \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczden tohumlu\u011fumuzu ay\u0131rma hakk\u0131m\u0131z elimizden al\u0131n\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Asl\u0131nda geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlarla \u00fcretim yapan \u00fclkelerin \u00e7ift\u00e7ileri geneti\u011fi ile oynanmam\u0131\u015f tohumlarla \u00fcretim yapmak istiyor. Kanada\u2019da geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumla \u00fcretim yapan 1.566 \u00e7ift\u00e7i aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma bu durumu kan\u0131tl\u0131yor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmada 1.566 \u00e7ift\u00e7inin % 83\u2032\u00fc geneti\u011fi ile oynanm\u0131\u015f tohum kullanmaya kar\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011funu ve \u00fcretimde kullanmak istemedi\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir. Kanadal\u0131 \u00e7ift\u00e7iler geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumla \u00fcretime kar\u015f\u0131 olma gerek\u00e7elerini;1<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

a.\tKazan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc,<\/p>\n

b.\tG\u0131da arz\u0131n\u0131n \u015firketlere ge\u00e7ti\u011fi,<\/p>\n

c.\tDo\u011fal bitkilerin ve \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin risk alt\u0131na girdi\u011fi,<\/p>\n

d.\tPiyasa kayb\u0131na u\u011frad\u0131klar\u0131 \u015feklinde belirtmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

Kanada \u00f6rne\u011finde oldu\u011fu gibi biz T\u00fcrkiyeli \u00e7ift\u00e7ilere zarar ettirecek, sadece \u015firketlere bizim s\u0131rt\u0131m\u0131zdan kazand\u0131racak geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumla \u00fcretim yapmak istemiyoruz.<\/p>\n

2- Canl\u0131ya Sahip Olmak M\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fcd\u00fcr, Bu M\u00fcmk\u00fcn Olmal\u0131 m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130nsano\u011flunun tar\u0131ma ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk y\u0131llarda bu\u011fday yabanc\u0131 bir ottu. Olgunla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman ba\u015faklar\u0131 \u00e7atlar, tohumlar\u0131 da topra\u011fa sa\u00e7\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Bu\u011fday\u0131n do\u011fadaki devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan buydu. Ancak bu durum tohumun toplanarak \u00fcretim yap\u0131lmas\u0131na olanak vermiyordu. Kad\u0131n \u00e7ift\u00e7iler \u00f6nce bu ba\u015faklar aras\u0131nda tohumlar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u00e7mayanlar\u0131 se\u00e7mek suretiyle \u00fcretime ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Yani do\u011fada, tohumlu\u011funu ekme, se\u00e7ti\u011fi tohumu tarlaya sa\u00e7ma y\u00f6ntemiyle \u0131slah \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yapmaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar ve b\u00f6yle yapageldiler. Ekseriyetle kad\u0131nlar bu, \u0131slah ve geli\u015ftirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 laboratuarlarda de\u011fil, do\u011fan\u0131n ba\u011fr\u0131nda uygulamal\u0131 olarak yapt\u0131lar. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 ve \u00fcretim tarz\u0131 on binlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r s\u00fcrmektedir.2<\/sup><\/a><\/sup>\u00a0Bu\u011fday, arpa, \u00e7eltik ve daha bir\u00e7ok bitki kad\u0131n \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin binlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u0131slah \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ve bilgeli\u011fiyle bug\u00fcne kadar geldi. Bu, \u00fcr\u00fcn \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fini hem art\u0131rd\u0131 hem de devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu ger\u00e7eklere ra\u011fmen \u015firketler bug\u00fcn kendilerini yeniliklerin ve fikri m\u00fclkiyetin tek kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rmekte ve anlatmakta sak\u0131nca g\u00f6rm\u00fcyorlar.<\/p>\n

\u015eirketler, asl\u0131nda bir bitkiyi do\u011fal ya\u015fam alan\u0131 olan ortamdan alarak bitkinin genleriyle laboratuar ortamlar\u0131nda oynuyorlar. Sonra da genini de\u011fi\u015ftirdikleri bitki i\u00e7in patent al\u0131yorlar. Patentini ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cbitkinin sahibi benim\u201d diyerek o canl\u0131n\u0131n sahibi oluyorlar. Yani bir t\u00fcr gen korsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u201ch\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d yap\u0131yorlar. Oysa genleri ile oynad\u0131klar\u0131 bu canl\u0131(lar) y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r zaten do\u011fada ya\u015fayagelmektedir.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca e\u011fer \u015firketler istemezlerse bu bitkilerin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcnden insanlar ve hayvanlar da yararlanamayacak. Neden? \u015eirketlere patent yoluyla canl\u0131ya sahip olma hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in!<\/p>\n

3- Geneti\u011fi De\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f Tohumlar \u0130la\u00e7\u00a0<\/strong>Kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 Azalt\u0131r, \u0130la\u00e7 Fiyat\u0131n\u0131 D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr<\/strong>m\u00fc?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eirketler \u00fcrettikleri kimyasallarla topraklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ve sular\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6nce kirlettiler. \u015eimdi de \u201cdo\u011fa kirlendi, toprak, su, insanlar ve di\u011fer t\u00fcm canl\u0131lar tehlike alt\u0131ndad\u0131r\u201d diyor, geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohum kullanmam\u0131z gerekti\u011fini empoze ediyorlar. B\u00f6ylece daha az ila\u00e7 kullanm\u0131\u015f olaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, felaketlerin de \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc alaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 propaganda ediyorlar.<\/p>\n

Ancak ger\u00e7ekler tohum ila\u00e7 ve g\u0131da \u015firketlerinin s\u00f6yledi\u011fi gibi de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Kan\u0131tlar:<\/strong><\/p>\n

a) Ekilebilir tar\u0131m arazilerinin %74\u2032\u00fcnde soya, m\u0131s\u0131r ve pamuk yeti\u015ftiren Arjantin\u2019de, 1996 y\u0131l\u0131nda 13,9 milyon litre\u00a0glyphosate\u00a0<\/strong><\/em>kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. 2008 y\u0131l\u0131na gelindi\u011finde Arjantin\u2019de ila\u00e7 kullan\u0131m miktar\u0131 200 milyon litreye ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f. 1996 y\u0131l\u0131ndan 2008\u2032e GDO\u2019lu\u00a0soya ekim alan\u0131 5 kat, yabanc\u0131 ot ilac\u0131\u00a0<\/strong>gloyphosate\u00a0<\/strong><\/em>kullan\u0131m\u0131 14 kat\u00a0<\/strong>artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.3<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

Bu nedenle geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumla \u00fcr\u00fcn yeti\u015ftirilmesi, kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0\u00fclkemiz genelinde yasak olarak kalmas\u0131\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>\u00f6nemlidir<\/strong><\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

b)\u00a0<\/strong>Peki, geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlar ve kullan\u0131lan ila\u00e7lar ucuz mudur, bir de buna bakal\u0131m isterseniz.<\/p>\n

\u015eirketler bir kez geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumla \u00fcretimi yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131ktan sonra \u00e7ift\u00e7iler, tohum \u015firketinin tohumuna, \u00fcretim modeline ve fiyat belirlemesine teslim olur. Her y\u0131l tohumu daha y\u00fcksek fiyatla almak zorunda kal\u0131r. Yani elini bir kez veren \u00e7ift\u00e7i bir daha kolunu tohum \u015firketlerinden kurtaramaz.<\/p>\n

\u00d6rnekler:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2022 ABD\u2019deki geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7eken soya tohumunun ortalama fiyat\u0131 2006-2008 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131 iki y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcre\u00e7te % 50\u2032den daha fazla artt\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Roundup herbisitin perakende fiyat\u0131 Aral\u0131k 2006\u2032dan Haziran 2008\u2032e iki y\u0131ldan daha az bir s\u00fcrede % 134 art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6sterdi.4<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

Biz \u00e7ift\u00e7iler biliyoruz ki, do\u011fal denge korunabildi\u011fi oranda daha az, do\u011fan\u0131n bozuldu\u011fu oranda daha fazla girdi (ila\u00e7, g\u00fcbre v.s.) kullanmak zorunda kal\u0131r\u0131z.<\/p>\n

Demek ki, geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlarla \u00fcretim yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda\u00a0hem ila\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131 hem de ila\u00e7 fiyat\u0131 s\u00fcrekli art\u0131yor. Yani\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>ila\u00e7 ve ecza\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/em>\u015firketleri zenginle\u015fiyor, \u00e7ift\u00e7iler yoksulla\u015f\u0131yor!<\/strong><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

4-\u00a0<\/strong>GDO\u00a0Verimlili\u011fi Artt\u0131r m\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eirketler, geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcnler \u201ca\u00e7l\u0131\u011fa \u00e7are, \u00e7ift\u00e7iye bol kazan\u00e7 getirir\u201d diyorlar. Bu kocaman bir kuyruklu yaland\u0131r!<\/p>\n

Kan\u0131tlar:<\/strong><\/p>\n

4.1<\/strong>\u00a0ABD \u00fcniversiteleri taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan testlerde geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f soyan\u0131n di\u011fer soyalara g\u00f6re %\u00a05,3 daha az verimli\u00a0<\/strong>oldu\u011fu tespit edilmi\u015ftir.\u00a0Nebraska \u00dcniversitesi<\/strong>agroministlerinin (bitki bilimcilerinin) 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda yapt\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda da veriler ayn\u0131 sonu\u00e7 elde edilmi\u015ftir.\u00a0Kansas Devlet\u00a0<\/strong>\u00dcniversitesi\u2019nin\u00a0<\/strong>yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda ise\u00a0geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f soyan\u0131n verimlili\u011finin\u00a0<\/strong>%\u00a0<\/strong><\/em>9 oran\u0131nda daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck\u00a0<\/strong>oldu\u011fu sonucuna var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.5<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

4.2<\/strong>\u00a0ABD\u2019de pamuk ekim alanlar\u0131n\u0131n % 86\u2019s\u0131nda geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f pamuk ekimi yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. ABD\u2019de geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumla \u00fcretilen pamu\u011fun verimi ise 933 kg\/ha civar\u0131ndad\u0131r. \u00c7in\u2019de pamuk ekim alanlar\u0131n\u0131n % 68\u2032i, Hindistan\u2019da % 76\u2019s\u0131, Arjantin\u2019de % 95\u2032i geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlarla yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7in\u2019de verim 1.313 kg\/ha., Hindistan\u2019da 553 kg\/ ha, Arjantin\u2019de 483 kg\/ha\u2019d\u0131r.6<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ise geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmemi\u015f tohumlarla yap\u0131lan pamuk \u00fcretimindek<\/strong><\/span>i<\/strong>verimlilik hektara 1.334\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>kg\/ha<\/span>\u2018d\u0131r. D\u00fcnya pamuk verim ortalamas\u0131 ise 775kg\/ha\u2019d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

4.3 Geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f Roundup Ready\u2019li kanola mahsul\u00fcnde % 40 oran\u0131nda art\u0131\u015f iddialar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 Avustralya,\u00a0\u201cyap\u0131lan\u00a0<\/strong>denemeler bizim ulusal ortalamam\u0131z\u0131n\u00a0<\/strong>%\u00a0<\/strong><\/em>17 alt\u0131nda olmu\u015ftur\u201d\u00a0<\/strong>diye a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda bulunmu\u015ftur.7<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

Bu sonu\u00e7lardan da anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 gibi\u00a0geneti\u011fi\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlarla yap\u0131lacak \u00fcretim,\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>verimlili\u011fi artt\u0131rmayaca\u011f\u0131 ve biz \u00e7ift\u00e7ilere\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>kazand\u0131rmayaca\u011f\u0131 gibi a\u00e7l\u0131\u011fa da \u00e7are\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

5- Geneti\u011fi De\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f Tohumlar\u00a0<\/strong>Yoksullu\u011fa \u00c7are midir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Geneti\u011fi De\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f Tohumlar \u00fcreten \u015firketlerin bir ba\u015fka propagandas\u0131 \u201cgeneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlar yoksullu\u011fa \u00e7aredir\u201d s\u00f6ylemidir. Bu da do\u011fru de\u011fildir!<\/p>\n

Kan\u0131tlar:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Paraguay,\u00a0<\/strong>geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f soya ekim
alan\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan d\u00fcnyada yedinci s\u0131radad\u0131r.
Fakat Paraguay\u00a0k\u00f6yl\u00fclerinin % 40\u2032\u0131\u00a0<\/strong>yoksulluk\u00a0<\/strong>s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda ya\u015famaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019da<\/strong>\u00a02000 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana\u00a0
<\/strong>geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f pamuk eken\u00a0\u00e7ift\u00e7i\u00a0<\/strong>say\u0131s\u0131nda 4 kata yak\u0131n bir azalma\u00a0<\/strong>g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.8<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

Arjantin\u2019in bitkisel \u00fcretiminin%75\u2032igeneti\u011fi
de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlarla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmektedir.
Arjantin, 1970\u2032lerde Latin Amerika\u2019n\u0131n refah
d\u00fczeyi en y\u00fcksek,\u00a0fakirlik oran\u0131 % 5 olan
<\/strong>bir \u00fclkesiydi. Genetik tohumla \u00fcretimi
<\/strong>artan Arjantin 2002\u2032lere geldi\u011finde\u00a0<\/strong>fakirlik oran\u0131\u00a0<\/strong>%\u00a051 \u2018e\u00a0<\/strong>y\u00fckselmi\u015ftir.9<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<\/sup>Geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumla \u00fcretim \u00f6ncesinde Arjantinli \u00e7ift\u00e7iler ve t\u00fcketiciler
zor zamanlarda kendi yiyeceklerini kendileri ekerek\/\u00fcreterek kar\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 doyurabilmi\u015fti.
Ancak geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumla \u00fcretimin yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131ndan sonra kendilerine ait yerel tohumlar\u0131, yerel tohumla \u00fcretim yapma bilgilerini ve ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 yitirdiklerinden dolay\u0131 bu m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a010<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

Hint tar\u0131m\u0131na geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohum \u015firketleri egemen olmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bu yana art\u0131k \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin hangi \u00fcr\u00fcnleri yeti\u015ftirece\u011fine \u015firketler karar veriyorlar. \u015eirketlerin burada uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc sistemi dayan\u0131lmaz bir hal alm\u0131\u015f durumda. Hindistan\u2019da geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlarla pamuk yeti\u015ftiren \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerden ipote\u011fini \u00f6deyemeyen \u00e7ift\u00e7iler canlar\u0131na k\u0131ymaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Hindistan\u2019da 1997-2007 aras\u0131nda intihar eden \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin say\u0131s\u0131 \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 verilerine g\u00f6re 182 bin 936. 2008 rakamlar\u0131n\u0131n 16 bine yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtiliyor. Sadece 2009\u2032da hayat\u0131na son veren \u00e7ift\u00e7i say\u0131s\u0131 2000\u2032i ge\u00e7mi\u015f.11<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck tar\u0131m ve ila\u00e7 tekelleri \u00fcr\u00fcn ve pazar denetimini ele ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi oranda yoksulla\u015fman\u0131n oran\u0131 da art\u0131yor. Tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim end\u00fcstrile\u015ftik\u00e7e, kimyasal kullan\u0131m\u0131 art\u0131yor. Geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohum kullan\u0131ld\u0131k\u00e7a \u00f6nce toprak yoksulla\u015f\u0131yor, ard\u0131ndan da \u00e7ift\u00e7iler. \u00c7ift\u00e7iler ya canlar\u0131na k\u0131ymak zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131yor, ya da kendi topraklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde k\u00f6le durumuna d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

6- Geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohum \u00fcretimi\u00a0<\/strong>topra\u011fa zarar verir mi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Toprak \u00fcretimin be\u015fi\u011fidir. Tohum iyi bir toprak ile bulu\u015ftu\u011funda sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 geli\u015febilir. Ancak tohumumuzu sa\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z toprak \u00f6zelli\u011fini kaybetmi\u015fse normal tar\u0131msal y\u00f6ntemlerle \u00fcr\u00fcn yeti\u015ftiremeyiz.<\/p>\n

Bilindi\u011fi gibi bir hektar topra\u011f\u0131n i\u00e7erisinde 2 tondan fazla canl\u0131 ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. Bu canl\u0131lar\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ya\u015fam ve faaliyet topraktaki ham g\u0131dalar\u0131 par\u00e7alar, bitkilerin alabilece\u011fi besin \u015fekline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr. Topra\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren canl\u0131lar, fareler, solucanlar, b\u00f6cekler ve di\u011fer canl\u0131lar ile faydal\u0131 mikroorganizmalard\u0131r. Bu canl\u0131lar\u0131n d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc besinleri alabilen bitkiler geli\u015fir ve bize \u00fcr\u00fcn verirler. Biz de bu \u00fcr\u00fcnleri satarak ge\u00e7imimizi, t\u00fcketerek de ya\u015fam\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcr\u00fcz.<\/p>\n

Ancak bitkiye verdi\u011fimiz ila\u00e7, topra\u011fa sa\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z sentetik g\u00fcbre, toprakta d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc g\u00f6rev g\u00f6ren bu canl\u0131lar\u0131 zehirler ve \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr. Bitkiler i\u00e7in g\u0131da haz\u0131rlama faaliyeti toprakta yava\u015flar ve toprak bitki besini a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yoksulla\u015f\u0131r. Bitkiyi besleyemez olur.<\/p>\n

Kimyasal girdilerin yan\u0131nda geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlar\u0131n da topra\u011f\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bozdu\u011fu belirlenmi\u015ftir. \u015e\u00f6yle ki;<\/p>\n

Bacillusthurigiensisin\u00a0<\/strong>(Bt)toksinleri geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin \u00f6rne\u011fin m\u0131s\u0131r\u0131n i\u00e7inde % 25 oran\u0131nda bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar topra\u011f\u0131 zehirler. Bitki art\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 par\u00e7alamaya kalkan toprak canl\u0131lar\u0131 (mikro organizmalar dahil) bu bitkileri \u0131s\u0131r\u0131nca zehirden etkilenir. Bu yolla toprak i\u00e7inde ya\u015fayan canl\u0131lar da zarar g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Topraktaki canl\u0131lar\u0131n zarar g\u00f6rmesiyle verimlilik d\u00fc\u015fer.12<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

Bu nedenle, dikkat!\u00a0<\/em>GDO\u2019lu tohumlar\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/em>topraklar\u0131m\u0131z\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/em>ve\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>d\u00fcnyam\u0131za b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f birer<\/strong><\/span><\/em>saatli bombad\u0131r!<\/strong><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

7- Geneti\u011fi De\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f Tohumlar\u00a0<\/strong>Biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fe Zarar Verir mi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bizler, ar\u0131 olmazsa a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ve sebzelerimizin meyveye yatmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, solucanlar olmazsa topra\u011f\u0131n bitkilerimizin b\u00fcy\u00fcy\u00fcp serpilmesi ve \u00fcr\u00fcn vermesi i\u00e7in gerekli besini sa\u011flayamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, fareler olmazsa topra\u011f\u0131n havalanamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, y\u0131lan olmazsa her taraf\u0131 farelerin basaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, leylekler olmazsa y\u0131lanlar\u0131n ve bu\u011fdaya zararl\u0131 ha\u015ferelerin daha da \u00e7o\u011falaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v.s. bilir ve bu sonsuz zincirin t\u00fcm halkalar\u0131n\u0131 sayabiliriz. K\u0131sacas\u0131 do\u011fadaki her canl\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131 bir ba\u015fka canl\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131 i\u00e7in, hepsinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da do\u011fan\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrmesi i\u00e7in gerekli oldu\u011funa inan\u0131r\u0131z. \u0130\u015fte\u00a0biz \u00e7ift\u00e7iler<\/strong>\u00a0ya\u015fam\u0131\u00a0<\/strong>\u00f6yle anlar\u0131z. Ama bizimya\u015fam dedi\u011fimiz \u015feyi\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>\u015firketler ya\u015fam olarak g\u00f6rm\u00fcyor. \u201cBu \u00e7e\u015fitlerin patentini alay\u0131m, ele ge\u00e7ireyim benim \u015firketimin mal\u0131 olsun. Yaln\u0131z benim \u015firketimin sermayesi olsun, ondan yaln\u0131z ben kazan\u00e7 elde edeyim\u201d istiyor.<\/p>\n

7.1.<\/strong>\u00a0Geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlar tarlada\u00a0<\/em>durdu\u011fu gibi durmuyor!<\/em><\/p>\n

Bitkilerin \u00fcremesini sa\u011flayan polenler s\u0131n\u0131r tan\u0131maz. Polenler tarladaki bitkinin \u00fczerinde durdu\u011fu gibi durmaz. B\u00fct\u00fcn bitkilere ula\u015f\u0131r, soyunu s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlarla yeti\u015fen bitkilerin polenleri de r\u00fczg\u00e2r, ar\u0131 veya di\u011fer b\u00f6cekler yoluyla ba\u015fka bitkilere bula\u015f\u0131r.13<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<\/sup>Normal organik yeti\u015ftirilen bitkiler ile kimyasallarla \u00fcretilen bitkilerin yan\u0131nda yabani akrabalar\u0131na da bula\u015f\u0131r. Onu \u00e7e\u015fit olarak ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r. Kendisine benzetir. Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131llara kadar k\u00fclt\u00fcr bitkilerinden yabani akrabalar\u0131na gen ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyenler, 2007\u2032de \u0130ngiltere\u2019de geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f kolzadan yabani akrabas\u0131 olan Yabani Hardal\u2019a gen ge\u00e7i\u015finin ispatlanmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u015fa\u015f\u0131r\u0131p kald\u0131lar.14<\/sup><\/a><\/sup>G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlarla \u00fcretim sonucunda yerli gen kaynaklar\u0131 zaman i\u00e7inde azal\u0131r. Sadece \u015firketlerin patent yoluyla ele ge\u00e7irdikleri \u00e7e\u015fitlere muhta\u00e7 kalabiliriz. \u015eirketler bu yolla \u00e7ift\u00e7iler ile birlikte hem t\u00fcketicileri s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcr hem de biz \u00e7ift\u00e7ileri kendilerine ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131p k\u00f6lele\u015ftirirler!<\/p>\n

7.2.<\/strong>\u00a0Geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlara konulan
<\/em>ila\u00e7lar yararl\u0131 canl\u0131lar\u0131 da yok ediyor!<\/em><\/p>\n

Geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohum ile yap\u0131lan \u00fcretimin sonucunda azalan sadece bitki t\u00fcr\u00fc olmaz. Tohumun i\u00e7ine konulan ila\u00e7 kurt\u00e7uklar\u0131, b\u00f6cekleri ve ku\u015flar\u0131 da \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr. M\u0131s\u0131rdaki Bt genleri sadece kurt\u00e7uklar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmez, ko\u00e7an kurtlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ba\u015fka yararl\u0131 b\u00f6cekleri de \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr. Zarar g\u00f6ren ku\u015flar ve b\u00f6ceklerin do\u011fada yerine getirmesi gereken g\u00f6revleri de aksam\u0131\u015f olur. B\u00f6ylece b\u00fct\u00fcn canl\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 do\u011fa zarar g\u00f6r\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

7.3.<\/strong>\u00a0Geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumla \u00fcretim\u00a0<\/em>biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi azalt\u0131yor!<\/em><\/p>\n

Biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik tar\u0131msal verimin y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131nda etkili ve bir yere ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 olmadan \u00fcretimini devam ettirebilmesi i\u00e7in gereklidir. T\u00fcrkiye biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik konusunda zengin bir \u00fclkedir. Biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Avrupa\u2019daki t\u00fcm \u00fclkelerin biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011finin \u00fc\u00e7te ikisinden daha fazla t\u00fcre tek ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131za sahibiz. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin endemik t\u00fcr (yaln\u0131z T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yeti\u015febilen t\u00fcr) \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi 3000\u2032in (3 bin) \u00fczerinde. Ancak geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlarla \u00fcretim biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi hem azalt\u0131r hem de \u00fcretimin devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohum \u015firketlerine ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 k\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

7.4.\u00a0<\/strong>Geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumla \u00fcretim daha\u00a0<\/em>fazla ila\u00e7, g\u00fcbre ve petrol gerektiriyor!<\/em><\/p>\n

Geni\u015f alanlarda az \u00e7e\u015fitle yap\u0131lan \u00fcretim daha fazla makine, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla daha fazla petrol, daha fazla ila\u00e7 ve kimyasal g\u00fcbre kullanmay\u0131 gerektirir. Bu da \u00fclkeyi ba\u015ftan ba\u015fa ye\u015fil \u00e7\u00f6l haline getirmekten ba\u015fka bir i\u015fe yaramaz. Bu arada mono (tek \u00e7e\u015fit \u00fcr\u00fcn) ekiminin yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 geleneksel \u00fcr\u00fcn \u00e7e\u015fitlerinin ortadan kalkmas\u0131na, yok olmas\u0131na neden olur.<\/p>\n

7.5.\u00a0<\/strong>Geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumla \u00fcretim tar\u0131mda\u00a0<\/em>istihdam\u0131 azalt\u0131yor!<\/em><\/p>\n

\u015eirketler kendi k\u00e2rlar\u0131 i\u00e7in biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi yok edecek olan mono k\u00fclt\u00fcre (tek \u00fcr\u00fcn ekimine) dayal\u0131 \u00fcretime zorluyorlar. Mono k\u00fclt\u00fcr \u00fcretimde fazla i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc kullan\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ift\u00e7iler topra\u011f\u0131ndan i\u015finden olur, i\u015f\u00e7ile\u015fir. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu topraks\u0131zla\u015fan ve i\u015fsiz k\u0131r i\u015f\u00e7ilerine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen \u00e7ift\u00e7iler ne olacak? Bu \u00fcretimin ve \u00e7ift\u00e7ili\u011fin devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir risk de\u011fil midir?<\/p>\n

Bu fakt\u00f6rler g\u00f6zetilmezse, geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f organizmalar orta d\u00f6nemde tar\u0131msal ve toplumsal bir cinayete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fecektir. Geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumla \u00fcretim tarz\u0131nda \u00e7ift\u00e7iler topra\u011fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 k\u00f6le olacakt\u0131r. T\u00fcketiciler se\u00e7eneksiz, \u00f6nlerine konulan sa\u011fl\u0131ks\u0131z g\u0131dalar\u0131 t\u00fcketmeye mahk\u00fbm edilecektir. Do\u011fa ise onar\u0131lamaz yaralar alacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu nedenle bir kez daha diyoruz: Dikkat!\u00a0<\/em>GDO\u2019lu\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/em>tohumlar topraklar\u0131m\u0131z ve d\u00fcnyam\u0131za\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/em>b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f birer saatli bombad\u0131r<\/strong><\/span><\/em>!<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

8- Gen M\u00fchendisli\u011fi Hayvan\u00a0<\/strong>Yeti\u015ftiricili\u011finde Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve Ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 Olmu\u015f\u00a0<\/strong>mudur?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sadece bitkisel \u00fcretimde de\u011fil hayvan\u00a0yeti\u015ftiricili\u011finde\u00a0<\/strong>kullan\u0131lan ve genetik y\u00f6ntemlerle elde edilen hormonlar felaketlere neden oluyor.<\/p>\n

\u015e\u00f6yle ki:<\/p>\n

Gen m\u00fchendisli\u011fi y\u00f6ntemleriyle \u00fcretilen BST veya bovin b\u00fcy\u00fcme hormonu (BGH) hayvanyeti\u015ftiricili\u011finde\u00a0<\/strong>t\u00fcketiliyor.<\/p>\n

K\u0131sa s\u00fcrede bol paraya kavu\u015fmay\u0131 arzulayan besiciler, hayvanlara a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kilo ald\u0131ran, yasa d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ila\u00e7lara y\u00f6nelir. Hormon vazifesi g\u00f6ren Ralgro ve Synovex isimli ila\u00e7lar, kiloyu y\u00fczde 15-20 aras\u0131 artt\u0131r\u0131yor. Ancak hormonlu eti yiyen ki\u015filerin hormonal yap\u0131s\u0131 bozuluyor. Hormonlu et k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131k, cinsel g\u00fc\u00e7 kayb\u0131 ve kalp hastal\u0131klar\u0131na sebep oluyor. Prof. Dr. \u0130rfan Erol,15<\/sup><\/a><\/sup>\u00a0ila\u00e7lar\u0131n hayvan\u0131n etinde b\u0131rakaca\u011f\u0131 kal\u0131nt\u0131 ile insanlara ge\u00e7ebilece\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. Erol; \u201chormon \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n erken bulu\u011f \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na ula\u015fmas\u0131, di\u015filik hormonu alan erkek \u00e7ocuklarda g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcslerin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi gibi etkiler g\u00f6steriyor. Erkek ve kad\u0131nlarda kar\u015f\u0131 cinse benzer fizyolojik de\u011fi\u015fiklikler g\u00f6r\u00fclebiliyor\u201d diyor.19\u00a0<\/sup>Ayr\u0131ca bu yolla prostat ve meme kanserine davetiye \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f oluyoruz. Ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en ila\u00e7lar bu nedenle 17 y\u0131l \u00f6nce Avrupa\u2019da yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Di\u015filik hormonu \u00f6strojen i\u00e7eren\u00a0Ralgro\u00a0<\/em>ve\u00a0Synovex,\u00a0<\/em>ithalat\u0131, imalat\u0131 ve kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 1992 y\u0131l\u0131nda yasaklanmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n \u00e7ok kolay bulunabiliyor.16<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

9-G\u0131da kriziyle genetik tohum \u00fcreticilerinin\u00a0<\/strong>ili\u015fkisi var m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tar\u0131msal \u00fcr\u00fcnler art\u0131k g\u0131da \u015firketleri taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fcnya borsalar\u0131nda al\u0131n\u0131p sat\u0131l\u0131yor. Gelecek \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l\u0131n temel besin maddelerinin g\u0131da \u015firketleritaraf\u0131ndan d\u00fcnya borsalar\u0131ndaki i\u015flemlerle sat\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6yleniyor. Tohuma sahip olup \u00fcretime y\u00f6n veren ayn\u0131 \u015firketler borsa yoluyla besin maddelerinin de sahibi olmu\u015f oluyor.<\/p>\n

Borsada tar\u0131msal \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ucuza alan bu \u015firketler sat\u0131\u015fta pahal\u0131 sat\u0131yorlar. Yoksullar bu y\u00fcksek fiyatl\u0131 g\u0131dalar\u0131 alam\u0131yor. D\u00fcnyada herkese yetecek ve artacak kadar g\u0131da varken insanlar a\u00e7l\u0131ktan ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 kaybedebiliyor. Sonra da \u201cd\u00fcnyada g\u0131da krizi var\u201d deniliyor.<\/p>\n

G\u0131da krizinin bir ba\u015fka etkeninin agro-yak\u0131t (bitkisel yak\u0131t) oldu\u011fu belirtiliyor. Enerjiyi kontrol alt\u0131na almak isteyen \u015firketler tar\u0131m\u0131 enerji kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyor, o ama\u00e7 do\u011frultusunda kullanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle \u015firketler, tar\u0131m\u0131 \u201cgaz istasyonu\u201d haline getirmek istiyor. Geni\u015f alanlarda enerji elde etmeye y\u00f6nelik yap\u0131lan \u00fcretimde geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlar\u0131n kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 biliniyor. Bu yan\u0131yla da geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlar\u0131n g\u0131da k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n nedeni oldu\u011fu, g\u0131da fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131nda etkili oldu\u011fu ortadad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

10- Geneti\u011fi De\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f \u00dcr\u00fcnler Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131\u00a0<\/strong>m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f soyan\u0131n insanlarda alerji olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kesinle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f patatesleri yiyen farelerin ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sisteminin ciddi bi\u00e7imde bozuldu\u011fu da tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Bitkilere aktar\u0131lan genlerin \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu bakteri ve vir\u00fcs k\u00f6kenlidir. Gen aktar\u0131m\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f bitkilerin se\u00e7ilebilmesi i\u00e7in antibiyotik dayan\u0131m izleme genleri kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Antibiyotik dayan\u0131m izleme genleri insan ve hayvan b\u00fcnyesindeki bakterilere yatay olarak ge\u00e7er. Bu da insan ve hayvan b\u00fcnyesindeki genleri antibiyoti\u011fe dayan\u0131kl\u0131 hale d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr. Bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm sa\u011fl\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck risk olu\u015fturur ve ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemini \u00e7\u00f6kertir. K\u0131sacas\u0131, GDO\u2019lu \u00fcr\u00fcnlerden i\u015flenmi\u015f g\u0131da \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin sofralar\u0131m\u0131za ula\u015fmas\u0131, halk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 daha da a\u011f\u0131rla\u015fan alerjik reaksiyon, antibiyotik dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k, toksik etki, artan do\u011fum anormalleri ve k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131k gibi sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya b\u0131rakacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kan\u0131tlar:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130sko\u00e7ya Rowett Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nden Dr. Arpad\u00a0<\/strong><\/em>Pusztai\u2019\u0131n\u00a0<\/strong><\/em>geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f patates ile besledi\u011fi farelerin t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u00e7 organlar\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclme, sindirim sistemlerinde bozukluk, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemlerinde \u00e7\u00f6kme, kan yap\u0131lar\u0131nda bozulma ve mide \u00e7eperlerinde kal\u0131nla\u015fma g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Rus Bilim \u0130nsan\u0131 \u0130rina Ermakova\u2019n\u0131n\u00a0<\/strong><\/em>geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f soyayla besledi\u011fi farelerin yavrular\u0131n\u0131n % 55,6\u2019s\u0131 do\u011fumdan \u00fc\u00e7 hafta sonra \u00f6ld\u00fc. Normal soyayla besledi\u011fi yavrular\u0131n ise sadece % 6,8\u2032i \u00f6ld\u00fc. Geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f soyayla besledi\u011fi fare yavrular\u0131n\u0131n % 36\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n normal do\u011fum a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda do\u011fdu\u011fu belirlendi. Bu deneme \u00fc\u00e7 kez tekrarlan\u0131p ayn\u0131 sonu\u00e7lara ula\u015f\u0131l\u0131nca, Ekim 2005\u2032te bilimsel bir panelde kamuoyu ile payla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Avusturya Tar\u0131m ve Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n finansman\u0131yla Viyana \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nce<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f g\u0131dalarla beslenen farelerin 3-4 nesil sonra \u00fcreme yeteneklerini kaybettikleri belirlendi.<\/p>\n

Caen \u00dcniversitesi\u2019ndeki CRIIGEN\u2019den Prof.\u00a0<\/strong><\/em>Seralini\u2019nin<\/strong><\/em>17<\/sup><\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/sup>\u00a0Grubu:\u00a0<\/strong><\/em>Rounduop herbisid<\/strong><\/span>seks\u00fcel hormonlar\u0131 bozuyor.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Caen Universitesi\u2019deki CRIIGEN\u2019den Prof. Seralini\u2019nin grubu, Dijon Universitesi\u2019nden Prof. Chagnon\u2019un grubuyla beraber, yeni do\u011fan bebeklerin g\u00f6bek ba\u011f\u0131 h\u00fccrelerinde \u00e7ok az derecede Roundup toksini oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdikten sonra yeni bulgular\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin Birle\u015fik Devletlerde GDOlu g\u0131dalarda izin verilen Roundup kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131ndan (\u00e7ok az) 800 kez az olan herbisid\u00a0erkekle\u015fme hormonu androjenin hareketini engelliyor.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Evet, 1980\u2032lerde kendi kendine yeten bir \u00fclkeyi teslim alan h\u00fck\u00fcmetler bu emaneti b\u0131rak\u0131n geli\u015ftirmeyi, koruyamad\u0131lar bile. Koruma niyetinde olmad\u0131klar\u0131, \u00e7\u0131karmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fckleri Ulusal Biyog\u00fcvenlik Yasas\u0131 tasla\u011f\u0131nda GDO\u2019lu tohumlarla \u00fcretimi serbest b\u0131rakmak istemelerinden de net bir bi\u00e7imde anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Bu gidi\u015fat hem biz \u00e7ift\u00e7iler hem t\u00fcketiciler hem de \u00fclkemiz ekonomisi i\u00e7in onar\u0131lamaz sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7acakt\u0131r. Bu nedenle gelin biz \u00e7ift\u00e7ileri, t\u00fcketicileri bu h\u00fck\u00fcmetler ekme\u011fe muhta\u00e7 etmeden, b\u00fcy\u00fck tar\u0131m, g\u0131da, tohum ve ila\u00e7 \u015firketlerine k\u00f6le yapmadan haklar\u0131m\u0131za sahip \u00e7\u0131kal\u0131m. H\u00fck\u00fcmetin \u015firket yanl\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ift\u00e7i kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 tohum politikas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 haklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ortaya koyal\u0131m, koruyal\u0131m.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ift\u00e7i Sendikalar\u0131 Konfederasyonu olarak\u00a0<\/strong>diyoruz ki;<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Kaynaklar\u0131n zenginli\u011finden do\u011fan genetik ya da biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi korumak amac\u0131yla bak\u0131m, de\u011fi\u015fim ve koruma ama\u00e7l\u0131 olarak \u015firketler de\u011fil, \u00fcretici k\u00f6yl\u00fcler her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yasal korumaya kavu\u015fturulmal\u0131.<\/p>\n

2. Tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimde asla geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f
tohum kullan\u0131lmamal\u0131. Yerel tohum t\u00fcrlerinin korunmas\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin artmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 \u00fcretim tarz\u0131 temel al\u0131nmal\u0131.<\/p>\n

3. \u015eirketlerin patent ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda do\u011fadaki bitkilere sahip olma ama\u00e7l\u0131 biyolojik korsanl\u0131\u011fa izin verecek yasal d\u00fczenlemeler
yap\u0131lmamal\u0131. Geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohum
\u00fcreticisi \u015firketlere serbestlik sa\u011flayacak yasalar haz\u0131rlayarak \u015firketlerin \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerden,
topraktan ve sudan \u201ch\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k\u201d yapmalar\u0131na
Meclis alet olmamal\u0131.<\/p>\n

4. G\u0131da \u00f6nemlidir. Yurtta\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 beslemek
i\u00e7in g\u0131da \u00fcretmeye \u00f6ncelik vermeliyiz. \u00dcretece\u011fimi z g\u0131dalar mutlaka sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00fcretilmeli do\u011faya zarar vermeyecek y\u00f6ntemlerle \u00fcretilmeli. Bu ama\u00e7la
\u00fcretici k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin yerel bilgiyi koruma ve
geli\u015ftirme haklar\u0131na sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmeli. Biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik do\u011frultusunda ekim geli\u015ftirme ve koruma ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00fcretim yapabilmeleri i\u00e7in \u00fcreticilere bilgi ve \u00f6zendirme destekleri verilmeli.<\/p>\n

5. G\u0131da \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin sunumundaki zincirde saydaml\u0131k sa\u011flanmal\u0131. Vatanda\u015flar\u0131n g\u0131dan\u0131n nas\u0131l \u00fcretildi\u011fine, nereden geldi\u011fine, \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecinde neler kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair bilgi sahibi olmalar\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131. Bu ama\u00e7la sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00fcretim ve beslenme modelleri desteklenmeli. Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 beslenme i\u00e7in \u00fcr\u00fcnler tarlaya tohum at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 andan itibaren izlenmeli. \u00dcretimden hasada kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre\u00e7te kimyasals\u0131z ve do\u011fayla bar\u0131\u015f\u0131k bir \u00fcretim tarz\u0131 esas al\u0131nmal\u0131.<\/p>\n

6. G\u0131dalar \u00fcreticiden t\u00fcketiciye en k\u0131sa yoldan
ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131. Yerelde yeti\u015ftirilmi\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcnler yerel pazarlarda sat\u0131\u015fa sunulabilmeli. Yerel
pazarlarda, mevsiminde ve yerel tohumla \u00fcretilen \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin \u00f6nceli\u011fi olmal\u0131, desteklenmeli. Bu konuda t\u00fcketicilere bilgi deste\u011fi verilmeli.<\/p>\n

7. Etimizde, s\u00fct\u00fcm\u00fczde, yumurtam\u0131zda, beyaz etimizde, bal\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda GDO\u2019lu \u00fcr\u00fcn
kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na ve bu yolla \u00fcretilmi\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin sat\u0131lmas\u0131na izin verilmemeli.<\/p>\n

8. Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 g\u0131da t\u00fcketim bilinci edinmeleri i\u00e7in
yurtta\u015flar e\u011fitilmeli. E\u011fitime \u00e7ocuklardan
ba\u015flanmal\u0131. \u00c7ocuklara sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve besleyici
g\u0131dan\u0131n \u00fcretimi, haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 konusunda beceriler kazand\u0131racak, al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131k edindirtecek temel bilgiler verilmeli. Bilin\u00e7lendirme yoluyla t\u00fcketiciler, t\u00fcketicilikten\u00a0yar\u0131 \u00fcretici\u00a0<\/strong>(bilin\u00e7li t\u00fcketici) seviyesine ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131.<\/p>\n

9. G\u0131da i\u015flemede ve perakende sekt\u00f6r\u00fcndeki
fazla enerji kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve \u00fcretici ile t\u00fcketici
aras\u0131ndaki mesafeyi k\u0131saltan g\u0131da sistemleri,
zincirleri desteklenmeli. \u00dcretimden pazarla-maya \u00fcretici \u00e7ift\u00e7iler ile t\u00fcketicilerin
egemen k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yasal d\u00fczenlemeler
yap\u0131lmal\u0131.<\/p>\n

10. \u00c7ift\u00e7iler hem \u00fcretici hem t\u00fcketicidir. T\u00fcketilen g\u0131dalar\u0131n etiketlendirme y\u00f6ntemlerinde bilgiler a\u00e7\u0131k ve net olarak
yaz\u0131lmal\u0131, biz halk olarak ne yedi\u011fimizi bilmeli ve tercihimizi yapma \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne
sahip olmal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/p>\n

1<\/a>Doktor Stephane McLachlan ve Rene Van Aker, doktor Lan Mauro; \u00c7evre Bilimleri ve Kirlenmesi Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Dergisi<\/p>\n

2<\/a>Douthwaite, B. (2002) Enabiling \u0131nnovation-a Practical Guide to Understanding and Fostering Technological Change, Zeed Boks, London. Aktaran: Tayfun \u00d6zkaya; \u201cT\u00fcrkiye Tohumculu\u011fu ve \u0130\u015fletmelerinin Tasfiyesi\u201d s. 255. M\u00fclkiye Dergisi, Bahar 2009\/262<\/p>\n

3<\/a>Kaynak: ABD Tar\u0131m Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Raporlar\u0131-2006 Aktaran: Ahmet Atal\u0131k<\/p>\n

4<\/a>Veriler; Friends of the Earth Europe (FOEE), Who Benefits from GM Crops, issue 1 16, February 2009\u2032dan derlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

5<\/a>Veriler: Ahmet Atal\u0131k; \u201cSofralar\u0131m\u0131zdaki Tehlikeye Dikkat! \u2018GDO\u2019lar\u2019, makalesinden derlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

6<\/a>Kaynak: USDA Foreign Agricultural Services<\/p>\n

www.gmo-compass. org<\/p>\n

7<\/a>http:\/\/www.non-gm-farmers.com Kas\u0131m 2004<\/p>\n

8<\/a>Veriler: Ahmet Atal\u0131k; \u201cSofralar\u0131m\u0131zdaki Tehlikeye Dikkat! \u2018GDO\u2019lar\u201d, makalesinden derlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

9<\/a>F.William Engdahl; \u201c\u00d6l\u00fcm Tohumlar\u0131\u201d, s. 195<\/p>\n

10<\/a>F.W\u0131ll\u0131am Engdahl; \u201c\u00d6l\u00fcm Tohumlar\u0131\u201d, s. 192<\/p>\n

11<\/a>Bilgiler: \u201cG\u0131da soyk\u0131r\u0131md\u0131r\u201d, http:\/\/www.gidahare keti.org\/ Gdo-<\/p>\n

Soykirimdir- -64-haberi. aspx derlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

12<\/a>Bu bilgi, F. William Engdahl; \u201c\u00d6l\u00fcm Tohumlar\u0131\u201d, s. 246\u2032dan al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

13<\/a>Yap\u0131lan denemeler geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f m\u0131s\u0131r\u0131n polenlerini r\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131n 35 km mesafeye kadar ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirlenmi\u015ftir. Ar\u0131lar\u0131n ise bir seferde 5 km uza\u011fagidebildi\u011fi bilinmektedir.<\/p>\n

14<\/a>Arca Atay; \u201cGDO\u2019lar\u0131n Tar\u0131msal Etkileri\u201d Genetik Y\u0131k\u0131ma Kar\u015f\u0131 Ekolojik Devrim, Ekoloji Kolektifi Bro\u015f\u00fcr\u00fc, 2009<\/p>\n

15<\/a>Prof. Dr. \u0130rfan Erol; Veteriner Fak\u00fcltesi G\u0131da Hijyeni ve Teknolojileri B\u00f6l\u00fcm Ba\u015fkan\u0131<\/p>\n

16<\/a>Kaynak: Ali R\u0131za Karasu, Murat Y\u00fcksel; \u201cKurbanl\u0131k hayvanlar\u0131 hormon ilac\u0131yla besliyorlar\u201d Zaman Gazetesi, 17 Kas\u0131m 2007\u00a020<\/sup>\u00a0Emniyet M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k ve Organize Su\u00e7larla M\u00fccadele \u015eube M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Mali Su\u00e7lar B\u00fcro Amirli\u011fi ekipleri Ankara\u2019da bir \u00e7iftlikte b\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f hayvanlara Ralgro ve Synovex adl\u0131 ila\u00e7lar\u0131 su\u00e7\u00fcst\u00fc yakaland\u0131. Yap\u0131lan aramalarda 750 doz Synovex ve Ralgro marka ila\u00e7lar ve bu ila\u00e7lar\u0131n enjeksiyonunda kullan\u0131lan 6 adet aparat ele ge\u00e7irildi. Zanl\u0131lar tutuksuz yarg\u0131lanmak \u00fczere serbest b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131. Zaman Gazetesi-13 Kas\u0131m 2007<\/p>\n

17<\/a>Kaynak: Press Release CRIIGEN – July 2nd 2009*<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\nBro\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcn PDF halini indirmek i\u00e7in\u00a0t\u0131klay\u0131n.\u00a0\n\u00d6NS\u00d6Z\u00a0\nBilindi\u011fi \u00fczere tohum, bitkisel \u00fcretimin ve g\u0131da zincirinin ilk halkas\u0131d\u0131r. Tar\u0131m tohumun bulunmas\u0131yla ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tohum olmazsa tar\u0131m ve g\u0131da olmaz.\u00a0Topra\u011fa g\u00fcbre (organik-kimyasal) sa\u00e7mazsan\u0131z, bitkiye veya b\u00f6ce\u011fe ila\u00e7 atmazsan\u0131z az da olsa bir miktar \u00fcr\u00fcn alabilirsiniz. Ama topra\u011fa tohum sa\u00e7mazsan\u0131z \u00fcr\u00fcn elde edemezsiniz. Bu nedenle \u00fcretici k\u00f6yl\u00fcler ve t\u00fcketiciler i\u00e7in tohum ya\u015famla e\u015f anlamdad\u0131r.\n \n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[349,126],"class_list":{"0":"post-1696","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-bilgibelge","8":"tag-ciftci-sen","9":"tag-gdo"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1696","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1696"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1696\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1696"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1696"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1696"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}