{"id":17393,"date":"2015-09-04T14:00:19","date_gmt":"2015-09-04T11:00:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/\/?p=17393"},"modified":"2019-01-29T14:44:43","modified_gmt":"2019-01-29T11:44:43","slug":"peki-ya-deprem-olursa-ersin-kiris","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/peki-ya-deprem-olursa-ersin-kiris\/","title":{"rendered":"Peki ya deprem olursa? – Ersin Kiri\u015f"},"content":{"rendered":"

Yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fa olaylar\u0131 sonras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck zararlar g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ve ya\u015fam g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na tan\u0131kl\u0131k ediyoruz. Hopa’da ya\u011fmurun felakete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesinin bir ba\u015fka boyutunu Van’da, Kocaeli’de depremlerin felakete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesiyle ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131k.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fa olaylar\u0131 kentlerde ya\u015fam g\u00fcvenli\u011fimizin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir \u015fekilde, b\u00fcy\u00fck ac\u0131larla g\u00f6steriyor. Sel, deprem gibi do\u011fa olaylar\u0131n\u0131n felakete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmeyece\u011fi g\u00fcvenli kentlerde ya\u015famak ise m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Acil durumlara kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fcvenli kentler yaratmak ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131kanlar\u0131n unutmamas\u0131 gereken \u00f6nemli bir m\u00fccadele ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131.<\/p>\n

K\u0131sa zaman \u00f6nce 17 A\u011fustos 99\u2019 Marmara Depremi’nin 16’\u0131nc\u0131 y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc geride b\u0131rakt\u0131k. 16 y\u0131l boyunca depreme kar\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lmayan pek \u00e7ok \u015fey sebebiyle depremi ve deprem g\u00fcvenli kentler i\u00e7in yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekenleri bir kez daha hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m.<\/p>\n

\"mans_depr_1\"<\/a>
Politeknik, halk\u0131n m\u00fchendisleri bro\u015f\u00fcr dizisinin ikincisini ‘Deprem g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve kentler<\/a>‘ ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Bro\u015f\u00fcr depreme ne kadar haz\u0131r oldu\u011fumuzu, kentsel uygulamalar\u0131, kent ve deprem yasalar\u0131n\u0131, acil toplanma alanlar\u0131n\u0131 ve deprem an\u0131nda neler yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini g\u00fcndeme ta\u015f\u0131yor.(http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/deprem-guvenligi-ve-kentler-brosuru-cikti\/)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Depremlerde evlerin y\u0131k\u0131lmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in…<\/strong>
\nT\u00fcrkiye’nin b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc aktif deprem ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. Deprem, yerk\u00fcrenin i\u00e7 yap\u0131s\u0131nda meydana gelen hareketler ve k\u0131r\u0131lmalar sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan enerjinin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sars\u0131nt\u0131 ile meydana geliyor. K\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc depremin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, \u015fiddetini de\u011fi\u015ftiriyor. Yap\u0131lar\u0131n ve yap\u0131lar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan zeminlerin \u00f6zellikleri depremin afet yaratma riskini belirliyor. T\u00fcrkiye \u0130statistik Kurumu’nun 2010 y\u0131l\u0131 verilerine g\u00f6re \u00fclke genelindeki 8 milyon 819 bin 551 bina, il baz\u0131nda ise binalar\u0131n %40 ile %65’i g\u00fcvensiz durumda. Yap\u0131lar\u0131n plan, proje ve \u00fcretim a\u015famalar\u0131, g\u00fcvenlik standartlar\u0131n\u0131-ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamas\u0131 i\u00e7in yerel y\u00f6netimler ve ilgili bakanl\u0131klarca denetlenmesi gerekiyor. Ancak 99\u2019Marmara Depremi sonras\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan Yap\u0131 Denetim Yasas\u0131, yap\u0131 \u00fcretim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin denetimini \u015firketlere devredildi, g\u00fcvenli yap\u0131 \u00fcretimi sermayenin insaf\u0131na b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131. Bu sebeplerde yap\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ya da ya\u015fam g\u00fcvenli\u011fimiz hala risk alt\u0131nda.<\/p>\n

Deprem g\u00fcvenli\u011fi de\u011fil emlak de\u011feri \u00f6nemli<\/strong>
\nDepreme dayan\u0131kl\u0131 olmayan yap\u0131larla dolu kentlerimizin g\u00fcvenli hale gelece\u011fi iddia edilerek ba\u015flat\u0131lan kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmler, 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan 6306 Say\u0131l\u0131 Afet Riski Alt\u0131ndaki Alanlar\u0131n D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi Hakk\u0131nda Kanun (Afet Yasas\u0131) ile h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Afet Yasas\u0131 ile \u00c7evre ve \u015eehircilik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’na keyfi planlama ve imara a\u00e7ma yetkisi verildi. Bakanl\u0131k yasaya dayanarak kentin merkezinde emlak de\u011feri y\u00fcksek ya da ana ula\u015f\u0131m aks\u0131nda bulunan bina ya da yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131n\u0131 \u201criskli\u201d ilan etti. Afet Yasas\u0131, uygun zeminde in\u015fa edilmeyen ve depreme dayan\u0131kl\u0131 olmayan yap\u0131lar\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmad\u0131. Yasa, kent merkezlerinin gelir d\u00fczeyleri y\u00fcksek kesimlerce sahiplenilmesi, yoksul kesimlerin ise ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 yerlerden s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi amac\u0131yla hayata ge\u00e7ti\/ge\u00e7iyor. Kamusal yetkiler, kamusal kaynaklar halk\u0131n deprem g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamaya sarf edilmedi. Tam tersine mega projelere aktar\u0131ld\u0131, orman alanlar\u0131, su havzalar\u0131 yok edilerek susuzluk, hava kirlili\u011fi, ekolojik y\u0131k\u0131m gibi yeni felaketlere zemin haz\u0131rland\u0131. Deprem g\u00fcvenli kentler i\u00e7in Afet Yasas\u0131 derhal iptal edilmelidir.<\/p>\n

Depremden sonra ne yapaca\u011f\u0131z: Acil Durum Planlar\u0131<\/strong>
\nDeprem an\u0131 ve sonras\u0131nda olu\u015facak acil durum ko\u015fullar\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilmesi i\u00e7in Acil Durum Planlar\u0131’n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Acil Durum Planlar\u0131’yla deprem an\u0131nda neler yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131, nereye s\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131laca\u011f\u0131, sars\u0131nt\u0131 ge\u00e7tikten sonra nereye gidilece\u011fi, temel ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n nas\u0131l sistematik bir \u015fekilde kar\u015f\u0131lanaca\u011f\u0131 belirlenir. Acil Durum Planlar\u0131’n\u0131n bina, sokak, il\u00e7e, il ve \u00fclke \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Deprem sonras\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan manzaralar T\u00fcrkiye’de Acil Durum Planlar\u0131’n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 haz\u0131rlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, hayata ge\u00e7irilmedi\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor. Acil Durum Planlar\u0131 yerel y\u00f6netimlerden talep edilmelidir.<\/p>\n

Yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131nda, deprem sonras\u0131 bir araya gelinecek, ge\u00e7ici\/s\u00fcreli toplan\u0131lacak bar\u0131nma, beslenme, sa\u011fl\u0131k gibi temel ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 acil toplanma alanlar\u0131n\u0131n da belirlenmesi gerekiyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin her binan\u0131n acil durumlarda toplanaca\u011f\u0131 nokta giri\u015f kap\u0131lar\u0131na as\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak bir\u00e7ok kent i\u00e7i kamusal acil toplanma alan\u0131 imara yani yap\u0131la\u015fmaya a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. \u00d6rne\u011fin mevcut acil toplanma alanlar\u0131 \u0130stanbul\u2019da n\u00fcfusun sadece y\u00fczde 16.41\u2019ine ge\u00e7ici bar\u0131nma imkan\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir durumda.<\/p>\n

\u00dclkemizde deprem ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi gelecekte de ya\u015fanacak. Deprem \u00f6ncesinde, deprem an\u0131nda ve sonras\u0131nda yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekenlerin planlanmas\u0131 ve hayata ge\u00e7irilmesi kentlerde ya\u015fam\u0131n g\u00fcvenli bir bi\u00e7imde s\u00fcrmesi i\u00e7in ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131r. Bu planlama ile deprem g\u00fcvenli kentler, deprem g\u00fcvenli konutlar, deprem g\u00fcvenli yap\u0131lar in\u015fa edilir.<\/p>\n

Ersin Kiri\u015f<\/strong>
\n \u0130n\u015faat M\u00fchendisi<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fa olaylar\u0131 sonras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck zararlar g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ve ya\u015fam g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4716,1991],"tags":[1046],"class_list":{"0":"post-17393","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-halkin-muhendisleri-yazilar","8":"category-yazilar","9":"tag-deprem"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17393","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17393"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17393\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17393"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17393"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17393"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}