{"id":1922,"date":"2010-02-23T07:06:37","date_gmt":"2010-02-23T04:06:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/\/?p=1922"},"modified":"2019-01-29T14:46:05","modified_gmt":"2019-01-29T11:46:05","slug":"kamusal-hizmet-ve-yatirimlarin-tasfiyesinin-dogal-sonucu-seller-ve-sellerin-afete-donusmesi-gokhan-marim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/kamusal-hizmet-ve-yatirimlarin-tasfiyesinin-dogal-sonucu-seller-ve-sellerin-afete-donusmesi-gokhan-marim\/","title":{"rendered":"Kamusal hizmet ve yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n tasfiyesinin do\u011fal sonucu: Seller ve Sellerin Afete D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi &#8211; G\u00f6khan MARIM"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <font color=\"#000000\">D\u00fcnyada son 20 y\u0131lda do\u011fal afetler 1,5 milyon ki\u015finin hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmesine neden olmu\u015f, milyarlarca liral\u0131k ekonomik kay\u0131p a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Afet riski alt\u0131nda bulunan n\u00fcfusun y\u00fczde 15\u2019i geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerde ya\u015famakta, buna ra\u011fmen, can kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n sadece y\u00fczde 1,8\u2019i geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerde g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir(1). Yoksul ve geli\u015fmemi\u015f \u00fclkelerde afetler sonucu olu\u015fan ekonomik kay\u0131plar, geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerin 20 mislidir<strong>(1)<\/strong>. Bu oranlar, bir ba\u015fka ger\u00e7eklik olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda durmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n<p>\u00dclkemize bakacak olursak; T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ta\u015fk\u0131n zarar\u0131 y\u0131lda ortalama 100 milyon dolard\u0131r. Ta\u015fk\u0131n yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 ise y\u0131lda ortalama 30 milyon dolar civar\u0131ndad\u0131r<strong>(2)<\/strong>. Devlet Su \u0130\u015fleri\u2019nin verilerine g\u00f6re, son 20 y\u0131lda t\u00fcm T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 300\u2019\u00fc a\u015fk\u0131n ta\u015fk\u0131n meydana gelmi\u015f, bu ta\u015fk\u0131nlarda yakla\u015f\u0131k 500 ki\u015fi hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>8-9 Eyl\u00fcl 2009 tarihinde \u0130stanbul ve Trakya B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nde ya\u015fanan sel felaketinde 33 insan\u0131m\u0131z \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f, ciddi maddi zarar olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Son ya\u015fanan sel felaketinde ise Tekirda\u011f\u2019da yedi, Antalya\u2019da \u00fc\u00e7 olmak \u00fczere 10 ki\u015fi hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015f ve telafisi imk\u00e2ns\u0131z maddi hasar meydana gelmi\u015ftir. \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ya\u011f\u0131\u015f rejiminin d\u00fczensizli\u011fi ve ta\u015fk\u0131n gibi do\u011fa olaylar\u0131n\u0131n olabilece\u011fi bilinmekte, ama buna ra\u011fmen \u00f6nlem al\u0131nmamaktad\u0131r. Devlet t\u0131pk\u0131 deprem felaketinde oldu\u011fu gibi, afet sonras\u0131 \u201cyara sarma\u201dya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakta, bunu da lay\u0131k\u0131yla yapamamaktad\u0131r. Dikkat edilirse, seller s\u0131kla\u015fmakta, sonu\u00e7lar bir \u00f6nceki y\u0131l\u0131 aratmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n<p>Seller, deprem gibi bir do\u011fa olay\u0131d\u0131r ancak do\u011fa olay\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fal afet d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesinin nedeni, yanl\u0131\u015f y\u00f6netim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131, yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n ihtiyac\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamamas\u0131, bilimsel olmayan yol ve y\u00f6ntemlerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r ki, afetleri \u201ctakdiri ilahi\u201dyle a\u00e7\u0131klayan yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmaya bile gerek yoktur.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere; 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130mar Kanunu gere\u011fi imar planlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131ndan yerel y\u00f6netimler sorumludur. Ayr\u0131ca, Bay\u0131nd\u0131rl\u0131k ve \u0130sk\u00e2n Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n denetleme ve de\u011fi\u015ftirme yetkisi bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ancak ya\u015fanan son sel felaketleri g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir ki imar planlar\u0131 haz\u0131rlan\u0131rken bu gerekler yerine getirilmemekte, ta\u015fk\u0131n yataklar\u0131 imara ve isk\u00e2na a\u00e7\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Yerel y\u00f6netimler bor\u00e7 y\u00fck\u00fc alt\u0131ndad\u0131r ve pop\u00fclist yakla\u015f\u0131mlar nedeniyle mevcut kaynaklar yat\u0131r\u0131m harcamalar\u0131na de\u011fil, vitrine d\u00f6n\u00fck i\u015flere ayr\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Yerel y\u00f6netimler, ta\u015fk\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00f6nleyecek ku\u015faklama kanallar\u0131, sel kapanlar\u0131, i\u00e7me ve kullanma suyu, kanalizasyon, ya\u011fmursuyu gibi altyap\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131na kaynak aktarmamaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n<p>Ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n az oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde, kurakl\u0131k, su kesintileri g\u00f6r\u00fclmekte, ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n fazla oldu\u011fu durumlarda ise seller olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu durum, a\u00e7\u0131k bir bi\u00e7imde suyun y\u00f6netilemedi\u011fini ve yerel y\u00f6netimlerin altyap\u0131 hizmetlerini sunamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>AKP iktidar\u0131 d\u00f6neminde kamu kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7i bo\u015falt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, etkisizle\u015ftirilmi\u015f, g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Kamu hizmetleri, \u00f6zelle\u015ftirilmi\u015f, i\u015fler ta\u015feron vas\u0131tas\u0131yla yap\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme, ta\u015feronla\u015ft\u0131rma zincirine DS\u0130, Karayollar\u0131 gibi k\u00f6kl\u00fc kamu kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n da eklenmesi hem d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr hem de son d\u00f6nemde afetlerin daha s\u0131k ya\u015fanmas\u0131n\u0131n nedenlerinin anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n<p>AKP\u2019nin D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131n\u0131n ve IMF\u2019nin yerelle\u015ftirme politikalar\u0131na ayak uydurma becerisi, iktidar\u0131n\u0131n kilidini a\u00e7mas\u0131 noktas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli katk\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yerel y\u00f6netimler vas\u0131tas\u0131yla kamu kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 denetim d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kalm\u0131\u015f, bu durum da yanda\u015f sermayeyi g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme de \u00f6nemli bir d\u00fczenek i\u015flevi g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ancak gelinen nokta, yerelle\u015ftirme politikalar\u0131n\u0131n iflas etti\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. Temel hizmetlerin y\u00f6netilemedi\u011fini yerel y\u00f6netimlerce becerilemedi\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Bu nedenle, kamunun tasfiyesinden bir an \u00f6nce vazge\u00e7ilmeli ve D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131 ve IMF\u2019nin yerelle\u015ftirme politikalar\u0131na son verilmelidir. <\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcm temel hizmetler ve alt yap\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7in yeterli kaynak ayr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak ve bu hizmetlerin y\u00f6netiminin bir kamu kurumu taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesini talep edecek politikalar geli\u015ftirilmelidir.<\/p>\n<p><em><br \/><strong>(1)<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Elgin K. G. 2006, \u0130stanbul Proje Koordinasyon Birimi Sunumu<br \/><strong>(2)<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00d6zoral E. 2007, Ta\u015fk\u0131n Koruma Faaliyetlerinde Memba ve Mansap Planlanmas\u0131 ve Yukar\u0131 Havza<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><br \/>G\u00f6khan MARIM<br \/>\u0130n\u015faat M\u00fchendisi<br \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/font><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"D\u00fcnyada son 20 y\u0131lda do\u011fal afetler 1,5 milyon ki\u015finin hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmesine neden&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4723,1991],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-1922","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-kent-ve-doga-yazilar","8":"category-yazilar"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1922","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1922"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1922\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1922"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1922"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1922"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}