\u0130stanbul\u2018un havas\u0131, havadaki kirletici madde konsantrasyonundaki art\u0131\u015f ve y\u00fcksek bas\u0131nc\u0131n havadaki kirleticilerin y\u00fckselip seyrelememesine neden olmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla alarm veriyor.<\/p>\n
\u0130l\u00e7elere g\u00f6re hava kalitesinin de\u011fi\u015fmesinde farkl\u0131 etkenler rol al\u0131yor. B\u00f6lgenin co\u011frafi yap\u0131s\u0131, mevcut r\u00fczgar y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc al\u0131\u015f\u0131, n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011fu, ye\u015fil alan miktar\u0131, kara-hava-deniz trafi\u011fi; b\u00f6lgedeki sanayile\u015fme, b\u00f6lgede kullan\u0131lan yak\u0131t\u0131n cinsi gibi de\u011fi\u015fimler b\u00f6lgesel olarak hava kalitesini de\u011fi\u015ftiriyor.<\/p>\n
Hava kirlili\u011fi, canl\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olumsuz etkileyen maddelerin havadaki miktar\u0131n\u0131n normal de\u011ferlerin \u00fczerinde bir yo\u011funlu\u011fa ula\u015fmas\u0131yla olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n
Temel olarak hava kirlili\u011finin kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 3 temel ba\u015fl\u0131kta inceleyebiliriz;<\/p>\n
1.Is\u0131nmadan Kaynakl\u0131 Hava Kirlili\u011fi<\/strong><\/p>\n 2.Ta\u015f\u0131tlardan Kaynaklanan Hava Kirlili\u011fi<\/strong><\/p>\n 3.Sanayiden Kaynaklanan Hava Kirlili\u011fi<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0130stanbul tarihi hava kirlili\u011fini ilk kez ya\u015fam\u0131yor. \u00d6zellikle 90\u2018l\u0131 y\u0131llarda artan n\u00fcfus ve kalitesiz yak\u0131t kullan\u0131m\u0131 nedeniyle havadaki kirletici konsantrasyonlar\u0131 standartlar\u0131n hayli \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve hava kalitesi canl\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tehdit edici boyutlara ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Is\u0131nmada yak\u0131t olarak k\u00f6m\u00fcr yerine do\u011falgaz\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u0130stanbul\u2018un hava kalitesinde belli bir iyile\u015fme sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f; ancak b\u00fct\u00fcnsel bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla ele al\u0131nmayan Hava Kirlili\u011fi sorunu \u0130stanbul\u2018u bug\u00fcn de risk alt\u0131nda b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Hava Kirlili\u011finin b\u00fct\u00fcnsel bir \u015fekilde ele al\u0131nmas\u0131; do\u011frudan kirletici kaynaklar ile dolayl\u0131 kirleticilerin; yapay kirletici unsurlar ile do\u011fal kirletici unsurlar\u0131n birlikte ele al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir.<\/p>\n \u0130stanbul\u2018un topografik yap\u0131s\u0131, iklim ko\u015fullar\u0131, ara\u00e7 trafi\u011fi, n\u00fcfus da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131, yak\u0131t cinsi, end\u00fcstri alanlar\u0131, yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n durumu ve yerle\u015fimi ile birlikte meteorolojik ko\u015fullar Hava Kalitesi konusunda \u00f6nemli parametrelerdir.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2018nin hava kirlili\u011fini belirleyen kirletici parametre s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011ferleri Avrupa\u2018dakinin hayli \u00fcst\u00fcndedir. \u00d6ncelikle bu durumun d\u00fczeltilmesi ve d\u00fcnya standartlar\u0131n\u0131n uygulamaya konulmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. \u0130stanbul \u00f6zelinde bakacak olursak kendi s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011ferlerimizle iyi ya da orta hava kalitesinde g\u00f6z\u00fcken bir\u00e7ok yer Avrupa standartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re k\u00f6t\u00fc hava kalitesine sahiptir.<\/p>\n Do\u011falgaz kullan\u0131m\u0131nda \u0130stanbul geli\u015fmi\u015f bir \u015fehir olsa da; hala baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde do\u011falgaz pahal\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kaliteli k\u00f6m\u00fcr kullan\u0131m\u0131 mevcuttur. Fiyatland\u0131rmada iyile\u015fmeye gidilerek k\u00f6m\u00fcr kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yerine do\u011falgaz kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n te\u015fvik edilmesi hava kalitesine \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etki edecektir.<\/p>\n N\u00fcfusun kontrols\u00fcz art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve \u0130stanbul\u2018un s\u00fcrekli olarak s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 geni\u015fletilen bir \u015fehir olmas\u0131 da hava kalitesinin bozulmas\u0131n\u0131n temel etkenlerinden biridir. N\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131, \u0131s\u0131nmadan kaynakl\u0131 hava kirlili\u011fini artt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi ara\u00e7 trafi\u011fi nedeniyle de ara\u00e7lardan kaynaklanan hava kirletici parametre de\u011ferlerini de artt\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00d6nceki y\u0131llarda havadaki kirletici parametrelerden \u2018k\u00fck\u00fcrtdioksit\u2018 hava kirlili\u011findeki belirleyici madde iken, son y\u0131llarda bu kirletici maddenin yerini \u2018partik\u00fcl madde\u2018 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun anlam\u0131, \u00f6nceden havay\u0131 daha \u00e7ok \u0131s\u0131nmadan kaynakl\u0131 kirleticiler kirletiyorken \u015fimdilerde ara\u00e7lar ve in\u015faat faaliyetleri kirletiyor.<\/p>\n Toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma yerine \u00f6zel ara\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131racak projelerin geli\u015ftirilmesi, kentin bir in\u015faat \u015fantiyesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclerek g\u00fcnde binlerce kamyonun \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor olmas\u0131, binalar\u0131n y\u00fckseltilerek r\u00fczgar ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na m\u00fcdahale edilmesi, kentin havas\u0131n\u0131 temizleyecek ormanl\u0131k alanlar\u0131n tahribat\u0131 da hava kirlili\u011fi kaynaklar\u0131na yeni bir madde daha eklememizi gerektiriyor: 4. Y\u00f6netimden Kaynakl\u0131 Hava Kirlili\u011fi.<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0130stanbul i\u00e7in Is\u0131nmadan, Ara\u00e7lardan, Sanayi\u2018den ve Y\u00f6netim\u2018den Kaynaklanan Hava Kirli\u011fi\u2018ne \u0130li\u015fkin \u00f6nleyici \u00f6nerilerimiz a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da s\u0131ralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/p>\n \u0130stanbul\u2018a \u2018nefes\u2018 olmak i\u00e7in;<\/p>\n \u00b7Hava Kalitesi standartlar\u0131n\u0131n iyile\u015ftirilmesi ve ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 mevzuatlarla desteklenmesi,<\/p>\n \u00b7N\u00fcfus planlamas\u0131na gidilmesi,<\/p>\n \u00b7Toplu ta\u015f\u0131man\u0131n \u00f6zendirilmesi,<\/p>\n \u00b73. K\u00f6pr\u00fc gibi n\u00fcfusu ve \u00f6zel ara\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131racak projelerden vazge\u00e7ilmesi,<\/p>\n \u00b7\u0130stanbul\u2018u bir toz bulutuyla kaplayan ve \u015fantiye alan\u0131na \u00e7eviren in\u015faat faaliyetlerinin s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, denetlenmesi,<\/p>\n \u00b7Yap\u0131la\u015fmada mevcut r\u00fczgar y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc ve r\u00fczgar ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 engelleyecek konumland\u0131rmalardan ve boyutland\u0131rmalardan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmas\u0131,<\/p>\n \u00b7Mevcut r\u00fczgar y\u00f6n\u00fcne nefes olan Kuzey Ormanlar\u0131\u2018n\u0131n ko\u015fulsuz-\u015farts\u0131z-amas\u0131z ve \u00e7\u0131kars\u0131z korunmas\u0131, \u015fehrin ye\u015fil alanlar\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131,<\/p>\n \u00b7Sanayi tesislerinin d\u00fczenli denetlenmesi ve hava kirlili\u011fini \u00f6nleyici tedbirler geli\u015ftirilmesi,<\/p>\n \u00b7Motorlu ta\u015f\u0131tlardan havaya sal\u0131nan kirletici maddelerle ilgili denetim yap\u0131lmas\u0131,<\/p>\n \u00b7Bilim daha verimli kullan\u0131larak bas\u0131n\u00e7 vb. gibi havadaki kirleticilerin seyrelmesini engelleyecek fakt\u00f6rlerin \u00f6nceden belirlenmesi ve olas\u0131 bir sa\u011fl\u0131ks\u0131z hava ko\u015fulunun halka \u00f6nceden bildirilmesi,<\/p>\n gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n \u00c7evre M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131 \u0130stanbul \u015eubesi<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u0130stanbul\u2018un havas\u0131, havadaki kirletici madde konsantrasyonundaki art\u0131\u015f ve y\u00fcksek bas\u0131nc\u0131n havadaki kirleticilerin…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2010],"tags":[654,2272],"class_list":{"0":"post-19353","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-basin-aciklamalari","8":"tag-cmo-istanbul-subesi","9":"tag-hava-kirliligi"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19353","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19353"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19353\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19353"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19353"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19353"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}