{"id":19705,"date":"2016-02-01T11:17:37","date_gmt":"2016-02-01T09:17:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/\/?p=19705"},"modified":"2019-01-29T14:53:24","modified_gmt":"2019-01-29T11:53:24","slug":"kentin-gizli-rant-alani-otopark-burcu-yanar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/kentin-gizli-rant-alani-otopark-burcu-yanar\/","title":{"rendered":"Kentin gizli rant alan\u0131: Otopark \u2013 Burcu Yanar"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>\u201cOtomobilin gelece\u011fi bir mod\u00fcld\u00fcr; \u015fehir trafi\u011fiyle uyumlu ve gerekti\u011finde paketlenebilir. K\u0131sacas\u0131: K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, kompakt ve toplu ta\u015f\u0131maya uygun; bir nevi bebek arabas\u0131 gibi.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>En az\u0131ndan trafik uzman\u0131 Frederic Vester\u2019e g\u00f6re gelece\u011fin otomobili b\u00f6yleydi. Otomobiller rahats\u0131z edicidirler. \u00c7o\u011fu zaman kuru kalabal\u0131k olu\u015fturup, s\u00fcrmekten ziyade durmaya yararlar. Ayr\u0131ca \u00e7ok yer kaplay\u0131p yolumuzu kapat\u0131rlar. Yerlerinden k\u0131p\u0131rdamalar\u0131 i\u00e7in yollara ve otopark binalar\u0131na gerek duyarlar.\u201d<\/em><strong>(1)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Otopark, motorlu ara\u00e7lar\u0131n duraklamalar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bekledikleri alanlard\u0131r ve \u00f6zellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirlerde trafik ile ilgili en b\u00fcy\u00fck sorunlardan biridir. Toplu ula\u015f\u0131m sistemlerinin yetersizli\u011fi ile te\u015fvik edilen bireysel ta\u015f\u0131t kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n n\u00fcfusla birlikte artmas\u0131 otopark sorununu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>Kentlerde d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olan ve planlama ilkeleri yok say\u0131larak belirlenen yap\u0131la\u015fma izninin art\u0131\u015f\u0131; binalardaki kat say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131na, altyap\u0131s\u0131 yetersiz olan b\u00f6lgelerde daha fazla otoparka ihtiya\u00e7 duyulmas\u0131na neden oluyor. Bu k\u0131s\u0131r d\u00f6ng\u00fc artan yap\u0131la\u015fma, artan n\u00fcfus ve artan otopark ihtiyac\u0131 olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Parklara, meydanlara otopark<\/strong><br \/>\nKarl\u0131 bir rant kap\u0131s\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclen otoparklar asl\u0131nda kentin sistematik d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn de bir par\u00e7as\u0131. Bu nedenle belediyeler kamusal alanlar\u0131 otopark projeleriyle d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrebilecekleri birer meta olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyor. Kentlerde deprem, sel vb. durumlarda acil toplanma alan\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lacak bir\u00e7ok park b\u00f6lgesel olarak planlanan d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm projesi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde \u015fu an otopark olma riskiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya. \u0130stanbul F\u0131nd\u0131kl\u0131 Park\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Galataport Projesi ile uyumlu bir otopark alan\u0131na \u00e7evrilmesi plan\u0131 son \u00f6rneklerden biri.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_19706\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19706\" style=\"width: 340px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19706\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/otopark_1.jpg\" alt=\"otopark_1\" width=\"340\" height=\"175\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/otopark_1.jpg 756w, https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/otopark_1-300x154.jpg 300w, https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/otopark_1-150x77.jpg 150w, https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/otopark_1-754x389.jpg 754w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-19706\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>AKP&#8217;li belediyelerin otopark rant\u0131<\/strong>: Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131l Ankara B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi&#8217;nin \u015fehrin muhtelif yerlerindeki otopark alanlar\u0131n\u0131 10 y\u0131l s\u00fcreyle kiralama giri\u015fimi; buna kar\u015f\u0131 isyan eden esnaftan bir ki\u015finin otopark mafyas\u0131n\u0131n silahl\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 sonucu ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirmesine yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Evlerinin \u00f6n\u00fcndeki otopark alanlar\u0131n\u0131n paral\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ile Kennedy Caddesi sakinleri eylem yapm\u0131\u015f; Melih G\u00f6k\u00e7ek t\u00fcm otopark alanlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00fccretsiz hale getirmek sorunda b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130stanbul&#8217;da ise otoparklar \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi\u2019nin (\u0130BB) elinde. \u0130SPARK A.\u015e. otoparklar\u0131n %90\u2019\u0131na sahip ve \u0130BB\u2019nin en \u00f6nemli gelir kaynaklar\u0131ndan biri. Otopark \u00fccretlendirmesi ise otopark\u0131n bulundu\u011fu mekan\u0131n rant de\u011ferine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fiyor. \u0130SPARK, yoldan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z otopark alanlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok yolun kenar\u0131nda da \u00fccretli otopark alanlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fletmesini yap\u0131yor. Yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmada <strong>(2)<\/strong>; \u0130stanbul genelindeki acil ula\u015f\u0131m yollar\u0131n\u0131n %12&#8217;si \u0130SPARK taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgal edilmi\u015f durumda.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Yeni tasarlanan bir\u00e7ok meydan projesinin alt\u0131na da otoparklar yap\u0131l\u0131yor. Kentlerde yap\u0131lan meydan d\u00fczenleme projelerine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu uygulamay\u0131 g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. \u00d6rne\u011fin; \u0130stanbul Aksaray\u2019da \u0130SK\u0130 binas\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131larak yerine \u201cye\u015fil alanlar yap\u0131yoruz\u201d slogan\u0131yla yer alt\u0131 otopark\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131yor. \u00d6zellikle rant\u0131n y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu bu alanlarda otoparklar halka fahi\u015f fiyatlarla hizmet veriyor.<\/p>\n<p>Ortak kullan\u0131ma a\u00e7\u0131k olan otopark alanlar\u0131, bina i\u00e7in izin verilen yap\u0131la\u015fma alan\u0131ndan muaf tutuluyor. Yani planda otopark olarak g\u00f6sterilen bir alana kar getirecek i\u015flevler verilemez. B\u00f6yle bir k\u0131s\u0131tlama yasal olarak var olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen otopark olarak planlanan ama daha sonra konuta ya da ma\u011fazaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclen projelerin say\u0131s\u0131 da olduk\u00e7a fazla. Soma Holding\u2019in Spine Tower isimli kulesi bu usuls\u00fcz yolla in\u015faat hakk\u0131n\u0131 iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f bir \u00f6rnek olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Merkezi ve yerel y\u00f6netimler haks\u0131z kazan\u00e7 sa\u011flanan bu uygulamalara kar\u015f\u0131 denetim yapmak yerine \u00e7evredeki en yak\u0131n kamusal alan\u0131 otoparka d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmenin yolunu a\u00e7\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ya\u015fanabilir kentler i\u00e7in\u2026<\/strong><br \/>\nToplu ula\u015f\u0131m sistemleri yerine motorlu ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n bireysel kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n te\u015fvik edildi\u011fi ula\u015f\u0131m politikalar\u0131 kent politikalar\u0131yla i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7iyor. Kentler d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrken otopark projeleri de \u00f6nemli bir ara\u00e7 oluyor, paral\u0131 hizmet vermesi de cabas\u0131!<\/p>\n<p>Otoparklarla da betonla\u015fan kentlerde sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli bir ya\u015famdan s\u00f6z etmek ise m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. Ne trafik \u00e7ilesi, ne de otopark \u00e7ilesi yeni otopark projeleriyle \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclecek.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130ktidarlar\u0131n\/sermayenin kar odakl\u0131 kent planlamas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 insanlar\u0131, do\u011fay\u0131 ve t\u00fcm canl\u0131lar\u0131 g\u00f6zeten bir kent planlamas\u0131 ile trafi\u011fin, egzoz dumanlar\u0131n\u0131n, otopark \u00e7ilesinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kent ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Otopark ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 yaratan kent ve ula\u015f\u0131m politikalar\u0131 yerine toplu ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n esas al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131; park\u0131yla, meydan\u0131yla, acil toplanma alanlar\u0131, acil ula\u015f\u0131m yollar\u0131yla planlanacak sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli kentlerde ya\u011fmur sular\u0131 beton otoparklarla de\u011fil toprakla bulu\u015facak.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Burcu Yanar\/\u015eehir Planc\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>(1)<\/strong> <em>Oswald, A., Otomobillerin Mimarl\u0131k ve Kentle\u015fme \u00dczerindeki Etkileri<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>(2)<\/strong> <em>Buldurur Aysan, M. ve Kurucu H. (2015), \u0130stanbul\u2019da Afet Y\u00f6netimi ve Acil Ula\u015f\u0131m Yollar\u0131n\u0131n De\u011ferlendirilmesi, Planlama Dergisi<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u201cOtomobilin gelece\u011fi bir mod\u00fcld\u00fcr; \u015fehir trafi\u011fiyle uyumlu ve gerekti\u011finde paketlenebilir. K\u0131sacas\u0131: K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck,&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4721],"tags":[2935,2933,2934],"class_list":{"0":"post-19705","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-ulasim-yazilar","8":"tag-ispark","9":"tag-otopark-ranti","10":"tag-otoparklar"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19705","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19705"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19705\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19705"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19705"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19705"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}