{"id":21434,"date":"2016-07-02T12:39:55","date_gmt":"2016-07-02T09:39:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/\/?p=21434"},"modified":"2019-01-29T14:37:45","modified_gmt":"2019-01-29T11:37:45","slug":"tarimda-nitratli-gubreler-yasaklandi-akp-neyin-pesinde-esen-ocak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/tarimda-nitratli-gubreler-yasaklandi-akp-neyin-pesinde-esen-ocak\/","title":{"rendered":"Tar\u0131mda nitratl\u0131 g\u00fcbreler yasakland\u0131, AKP neyin pe\u015finde? – Esen Ocak"},"content":{"rendered":"

AKP h\u00fck\u00fcmeti \u00e7iftcinin tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimde kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 nitratl\u0131 g\u00fcbreyi yasaklad\u0131. Gerek\u00e7e ise nitratl\u0131 g\u00fcbrenin patlay\u0131c\u0131\/bomba yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131yor olmas\u0131. 6 Haziran’da gelen bu yasaklamayla 2017 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar nitratl\u0131 g\u00fcbrelerin yurt i\u00e7inde sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve pazarlanmas\u0131 yap\u0131lamayacak. <\/strong>
\n\u00c7ift\u00e7i b\u00f6ylelikle yaz ba\u015f\u0131nda hasat almas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullanaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcbreden mahrum kald\u0131. <\/strong><\/p>\n

“Nitratl\u0131 g\u00fcbrelerin tek ba\u015f\u0131na patlama \u00f6zelli\u011fi yok. Amonyum nitrat 200-300 derece s\u0131cakl\u0131kta azot ve oksijen gaz\u0131na par\u00e7alanmas\u0131yla olu\u015fan gaz bas\u0131nc\u0131 ile patl\u0131yor, bu \u00f6zelli\u011fi sebebiyle in\u015faat ve madenlerde kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Bakan Faruk \u00c7elik’in alternatif olarak \u00f6nerdi\u011fi amonyum s\u00fclfat g\u00fcbre de nitratl\u0131 g\u00fcbre gibi y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131kta patlay\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6zelli\u011fe sahip. Aralar\u0131ndaki fark ise patlama sonucu a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kan duman\u0131n rengi. Nitratl\u0131 g\u00fcbrelerin sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 yasaklan\u0131rken bulundurulmas\u0131 ve kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yasaklanmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 amac\u0131n yaln\u0131zca bomba yap\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 engellemek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor.”<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimin girdileri<\/strong>
\nKimyasal g\u00fcbreler; bitkilerin besin maddeleri ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in mevsimsel olarak kullan\u0131lan ve bitkisel \u00fcretimde tek ba\u015f\u0131na y\u00fczde 50\u2019ye kadar verim art\u0131\u015f\u0131 sa\u011flayabilen tar\u0131msal girdilerdir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 2015 y\u0131l\u0131 itibariyle t\u00fcketilen toplam kimyasal g\u00fcbre miktar\u0131 5 bu\u00e7uk milyon ton. Yasaklanan nitratl\u0131 g\u00fcbreler, amonyum ve potasyum nitrat g\u00fcbreleridir. Tar\u0131mda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan g\u00fcbre amonyum nitratt\u0131r.
\nAmonyum nitrat g\u00fcbresi azot oran\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek, toprak nemine ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n az, erimesinin kolay, etkisinin \u00e7abuk olmas\u0131 nedeniyle tercih ediliyor. Bile\u015fimindeki nitrat\u0131n suda t\u00fcm\u00fcyle erimesi, gerek nitrat\u0131 gerekse amonyumu bitkilerin rahatl\u0131kla almas\u0131yla g\u00fcbreleme i\u015fleminden sonra toprakta art\u0131k madde kalm\u0131yor, asitlenme olu\u015fmuyor.
\n\u00c7ift\u00e7ilerin 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplam g\u00fcbrenin %25’inden fazlas\u0131 amonyum nitrattan olu\u015fuyor. Yani ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131l amonyum nitrat 1 bu\u00e7uk milyon tondan fazla kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Hal b\u00f6yleyken k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli \u00fcretim yapan \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin kayg\u0131s\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck.<\/p>\n

Alternatifi yok, do\u011fru mevsim de\u011fil<\/strong>
\nTar\u0131m G\u0131da ve Hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k Bakan\u0131 Faruk \u00c7elik, yasaklamaya kar\u015f\u0131 gelen tepkilere \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin 2017’ye kadar bu g\u00fcbreye ihtiyac\u0131 yok diyerek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k verdi. Bakan \u00c7elik amonyum nitrata alternatif olarak amonyum s\u00fclfat ve \u00fcre kullan\u0131labilece\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.
\nNe yaz\u0131k ki bu cevaplar ger\u00e7e\u011fi yans\u0131tm\u0131yor. Nitratl\u0131 g\u00fcbreler yaz sonunda hasad\u0131 yap\u0131lan pek \u00e7ok \u00fcr\u00fcnde (ki bu tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimin hemen hemen tamam\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir) verimlili\u011fin ve kalitenin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan, ucuz ve alternatifi olmayan g\u00fcbrelerdir.
\nBakan \u00c7elik’in nitratl\u0131 g\u00fcbrelere alternatif olarak g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi amonyum s\u00fclfat ve \u00fcre g\u00fcbreleri bitki ve toprak sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in yaz\u0131n kullan\u0131lm\u0131yor, maliyetleri de y\u00fcksek.<\/p>\n

“G\u00fcbrelerin kontroll\u00fc sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131 Tar\u0131m G\u0131da ve Hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n da kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tar\u0131msal bilgi sistemleriyle m\u00fcmk\u00fcn ve kolay. Tar\u0131msal topraklar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, topraklarda yeti\u015ftirilen \u00fcr\u00fcn, tar\u0131msal topra\u011f\u0131n ve \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn y\u0131ll\u0131k verimi, gerekli g\u00fcbre ihtiyac\u0131 bilgilerinin tamam\u0131n\u0131 elinde bulunduran bakanl\u0131k bu bilgiler \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda denetleyebilece\u011fi g\u00fcbre sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131yla \u00fcreticiyi ma\u011fdur etmeden, tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7abilir.”\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00fcreticilerin tar\u0131m alan\u0131ndan, tar\u0131msal topraklardan tasfiyesi<\/strong>
\nSaray ve AKP iktidar\u0131 K\u00fcrt halk\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131 t\u0131rmand\u0131raca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 her f\u0131rsatta ilan ederken nitratl\u0131 g\u00fcbrelerin sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 yasaklayarak yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ter\u00f6r\u00fc bitirece\u011fine inanmam\u0131z\u0131 istiyor.
\nG\u00fcbre sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yasaklanmas\u0131yla bitecek olan tar\u0131m alan\u0131nda ge\u00e7imini sa\u011flayan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli \u00fcreticiler, k\u00f6yl\u00fc \u00e7ift\u00e7iler olacak.<\/p>\n

Tar\u0131msal \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin \u00f6zellikle mevsim itibariyle g\u00fcbreye ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu bir d\u00f6nemde g\u00fcvenlik gerek\u00e7esiyle nitratl\u0131 g\u00fcbrelerin sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yasaklanmas\u0131 \u00e7ift\u00e7inin cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, tar\u0131mda zaten y\u00fcksek olan girdi maliyetlerinin daha da artmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na geliyor. 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda yasak kalkacak dense de nitratl\u0131 g\u00fcbrelerin \u015fimdi kullan\u0131lmamas\u0131 yaln\u0131zca bu y\u0131l\u0131n hasad\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil gelecek y\u0131llardakini de etkileyecek. Her t\u00fcrl\u00fc tar\u0131msal \u00fcr\u00fcn; sebze, meyve ve tah\u0131llar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilen nitratl\u0131 g\u00fcbrelerin yoklu\u011fuyla \u00e7ok y\u0131ll\u0131k bitkiler ve meyve a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n bak\u0131m\u0131, geli\u015fimi etkilenecek, sonraki y\u0131llarda hasat kayb\u0131 s\u00fcrecek. \u00c7ift\u00e7i ge\u00e7imini s\u00fcrd\u00fcremeyecek.\u00a0B\u00f6ylelikle tar\u0131msal alanlar\u0131n ve \u00fcretimin tar\u0131m\/g\u0131da \u015firketlerine devri h\u0131zlanacak. Doymak bilmeyen \u015firketler tar\u0131msal topraklara yine el koyacak, \u00fcreticiler i\u015f\u00e7ile\u015fecek. \u00dcstelik tar\u0131msal topraklarda tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim yapma \u015fart\u0131 da yok! \u0130steyen enerji \u00fcretir, isteyen toplu konut in\u015fa eder…<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte bu sebeple Bakan \u00c7elik nitral\u0131 g\u00fcbrelerin yasakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan ettikten sonra \u00fcretimden vazge\u00e7en ve vazge\u00e7ecek olan \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin ekilmeyen topraklar\u0131na da el konulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Tabii bu el koyma sermaye lehine yap\u0131lacak.<\/p>\n

Yasaklama tar\u0131mda \u015firketle\u015fme ve tar\u0131msal alanlar\u0131n gasp\u0131 i\u00e7in at\u0131lan bir ad\u0131m daha yaln\u0131zca.<\/p>\n

Esen Ocak \/ Ziraat M\u00fchendisi<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"AKP h\u00fck\u00fcmeti \u00e7iftcinin tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimde kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 nitratl\u0131 g\u00fcbreyi yasaklad\u0131. Gerek\u00e7e ise nitratl\u0131…\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4713,1991],"tags":[3138,2717],"class_list":{"0":"post-21434","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-gida-yazilar","8":"category-yazilar","9":"tag-tarim-politikalari","10":"tag-tarim-topraklari"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21434","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21434"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21434\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21434"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21434"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21434"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}