Adrasan, Maltepe, Gelibolu.. Orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131 bu y\u0131l da g\u00fcndemimizde. Haberini ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda boyutlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fczde canland\u0131rmakta zorlan\u0131r\u0131z. ‘Bilmem ka\u00e7 futbol sahas\u0131 kadar alan yand\u0131’ ifadeleri kula\u011f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda somutlan\u0131r felaket kafam\u0131zda. \u00dclke ormanlar\u0131n\u0131n 12 milyon hektar\u0131 yani %57’si \u2018orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 hassas\u2019 iken yang\u0131n kontrol\u00fc nas\u0131l sa\u011flanacak?<\/p>\n
Orman, i\u00e7inde ya\u015fayan t\u00fcm canl\u0131lar\u0131n birbiriyle etkile\u015fim halinde oldu\u011fu dinamik bir denge sistemi. B\u00f6ylesi bir ekosisteme yol, yap\u0131, a\u011fa\u00e7 kesimi, otlatma, tar\u0131m faaliyeti vb. her t\u00fcrl\u00fc m\u00fcdahalenin denetimi ve risklerinin analizi gerekiyor. Ormanl\u0131k alan \u00e7evresinde yerle\u015fim ve tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yang\u0131n ihtimalini art\u0131r\u0131yor. Bir\u00e7ok orman yang\u0131n\u0131 orman ekosistemine kontrols\u00fcz m\u00fcdahaleler sonucu meydana geliyor. Bunlar aras\u0131nda orman alan\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131 i\u015flevlendirilmesi amac\u0131yla kasti m\u00fcdahaleler de bulunuyor. En yayg\u0131n nedenler ise ihmal- kaza, faili me\u00e7hul ve kas\u0131t olarak s\u0131ralan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye’de orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131 konusunda istatisti\u011fi Orman Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (OGM) tutuyor ve yay\u0131ml\u0131yor. 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fclke genelinde 3117.34 hektar, 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda 11,456 hektar orman alan\u0131n\u0131n, 2003 ile 2014 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ise 100,141 hektar alan\u0131n yand\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131. Bunlar resmi rakamlar ve istatistiklerin g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi konusunda \u015faibe s\u00f6zkonusu. \u00d6rne\u011fin Orman ve Su \u0130\u015fleri Bakan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 350 hektar olarak a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve muhtemelen OGM kay\u0131tlar\u0131na da b\u00f6yle girecek olan 26 Haziran’da Antalya’n\u0131n Kumluca \u0130l\u00e7esi’nde Adrasan ve Olimpos aras\u0131ndaki orman yang\u0131n\u0131nda 1000 hektar k\u0131z\u0131l\u00e7am orman\u0131 k\u00fcl oldu.<\/p>\n
Orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131 ile nas\u0131l m\u00fccadele edilece\u011fi, yang\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l y\u00f6netilece\u011fi, m\u00fcdahale ekiplerinin niteli\u011fi, yanan alan\u0131n nas\u0131l rehabilite edilece\u011fi konuyla ilgi kritik ba\u015fl\u0131klard\u0131r. Yang\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilebilmesi ve olu\u015fan yang\u0131nlar\u0131n daha erken m\u00fcdahale ile kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nabilmesi s\u00fcrecine yang\u0131n y\u00f6netimi denir. Bu s\u00fcrecin niteli\u011fi, yang\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini belirliyor.
\nOrman yang\u0131nlar\u0131 konusunda OGM\u2019ye ba\u011fl\u0131 Orman Yang\u0131nlar\u0131yla M\u00fccadele \u015eube M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yetkilendirilmi\u015f durumda. Antalya Adrasan’da Erentepe k\u00f6y\u00fc yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda nedeni hen\u00fcz a\u00e7\u0131klanamayan yang\u0131n sonras\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye Ormanc\u0131lar Derne\u011fi’nin haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rapor, gerek Adrasan yang\u0131n\u0131nda gerek de T\u00fcrkiye’deki orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131yla ilgili \u00f6nemli verileri\/eksiklikleri ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n
Yang\u0131na diren\u00e7li orman haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yok<\/strong> Yang\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netme haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunmuyor<\/strong> Deneyimli personele s\u00fcrg\u00fcn, sahaya ta\u015feron<\/strong> Orman Yang\u0131nlar\u0131yla M\u00fccadele \u015eube M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc’nde kadrolu ve mevsimlik yang\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7ileri \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Yang\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini \u2018mevsimlik\u2019 g\u00f6ren OGM taraf\u0131ndan istihdam edilen mevsimlik orman yang\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7ileri 5 ay 29 g\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. Yang\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin ta\u015feron olarak istihdam\u0131, yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sirk\u00fclasyon, yeterli e\u011fitim ve b\u00f6lge deneyiminin sa\u011flamamas\u0131 nedeniyle yang\u0131nla m\u00fccadeleyi zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n Orman niteli\u011finin korunmas\u0131nda olumsuzluklar da var<\/strong> Yang\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini yang\u0131n an\u0131ndaki m\u00fcdahaleye daraltan ‘orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131yla m\u00fccadele\u2019 anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131, orman\u0131 korumad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi getirdi\u011fi y\u00fcksek s\u00f6nd\u00fcrme maliyetlerini halk\u0131n s\u0131rt\u0131na y\u00fckl\u00fcyor. Ormanlar\u0131n korunabilmesi, yang\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011finin b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl plan dahilinde hayata ge\u00e7irilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n Ersin Kiri\u015f \/ \u0130n\u015faat M\u00fchendisi-\u0130\u015f G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Uzman\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n Politeknik YK \u00fcyesi<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Adrasan, Maltepe, Gelibolu.. Orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131 bu y\u0131l da g\u00fcndemimizde. Haberini ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda boyutlar\u0131n\u0131…\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":21654,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4723,1991],"tags":[2592],"class_list":{"0":"post-21652","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-kent-ve-doga-yazilar","8":"category-yazilar","9":"tag-orman-yanginlari"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21652","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21652"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21652\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21654"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21652"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21652"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21652"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nOrman yang\u0131nlar\u0131 y\u00f6netiminin en \u00f6nemli parametrelerinden birisi orman\u0131n yang\u0131na dayan\u0131kl\u0131 hale getirilmesidir. Bunun i\u00e7in temel anlay\u0131\u015f yang\u0131n amenajman\u0131d\u0131r. Yang\u0131n amenajman\u0131 orman yang\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemlerine b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl bak\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Orman\/tar\u0131m alan\u0131, orman\/tesis alan\u0131, orman\/yerle\u015fim yeri arakesitlerinden net \u015fekilde belirlenmesi, ekolojik fakt\u00f6rlerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131, yang\u0131n kontrol etkinliklerinin belirlenmesidir. Konuyla ilgili OGM\u2019nin haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Yang\u0131na Dayan\u0131kl\u0131 Orman Tesisi Projesi’nin (YARDOP) hayata ge\u00e7irilmedi\u011fi Adrasan yang\u0131n\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n
\nOrman yang\u0131nlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadelede orman yollar\u0131n\u0131n, emniyet yol ve \u015feritlerinin yang\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yo\u011fun duman alt\u0131nda kolayl\u0131kla okunup tan\u0131nabilecek nitelikte tabelalarla tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 gerekirken genel olarak maliyeti d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olan bu \u00f6nlemin al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Etkin tan\u0131mlama ve tabeland\u0131rma, yang\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f yang\u0131n y\u00f6netimi kritik, ekonomik bir \u00f6nlemdir.<\/p>\n
\nOrman yang\u0131nlar\u0131yla m\u00fccadele \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen b\u00f6lgenin topo\u011frafik yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, r\u00fczgar \u00f6zelliklerini, orman karakterini, yerel bilgi ve deneyimi gerekli k\u0131l\u0131yor. Adrasan yang\u0131n\u0131nda alan\u0131 ve yang\u0131n\u0131 bilmeyen, deneyimsiz personelin yang\u0131nla m\u00fccadele \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ncesi ve sonras\u0131nda etkili olamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Uzun y\u0131llar g\u00f6rev yapan b\u00f6lgeyi iyi tan\u0131yan personeller AKP iktidar\u0131n\u0131n rotasyonu nedeniyle g\u00f6nderilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n
\n3071 Say\u0131l\u0131 Orman Kanunu yang\u0131n g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f ormanlar\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ad\u0131na yanan alan\u0131 derhal tel \u00f6rg\u00fcyle \u00e7evrilmesi ve yeniden a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 zorunlu k\u0131l\u0131yor. Bu zorunlulu\u011fun delindi\u011fi \u00f6rnekler de var. 1999 y\u0131l\u0131nda Antalya Kundu’da, 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda Mu\u011fla\u2019n\u0131n Milas G\u00fcvercinlik Koyu’nda orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan otel in\u015faatlar\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n