17 A\u011fustos 1999 tarihinde Kocaeli-G\u00f6lc\u00fck merkezli; b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, etkiledi\u011fi alan\u0131n geni\u015fli\u011fi, sebep oldu\u011fu kay\u0131plarla \u00fclkemizin son y\u00fczy\u0131lda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 en b\u00fcy\u00fck felaketlerden olan Marmara Depreminin ve ard\u0131ndan ya\u015fanan 12 Kas\u0131m 1999 D\u00fczce Depreminin \u00fczerinden on yedi y\u0131l ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Ya\u015fanan y\u0131k\u0131m ve kay\u0131plara sebep olan rant odakl\u0131 planlama, kentle\u015fme ve yap\u0131la\u015fma politikalar\u0131; merkezi-yerel y\u00f6netimlerce felaketin 17 y\u0131l ard\u0131ndan devam ettirilmektedir.<\/p>\n
Yirmi binin \u00fczerinde can kayb\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu depremlerin \u00fcst\u00fcnden on iki y\u0131l ge\u00e7tikten sonra 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda ya\u015fanan Van Depremi ise kamu arazileri, orman, otlak, mera ve tar\u0131m arazileri, k\u0131y\u0131lar gibi t\u00fcm k\u0131rsal ve kentsel alanlar\u0131n rant amac\u0131yla ya\u011fmalanmas\u0131 sonucu afetlere kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fcvensiz hale gelen \u015fehirlerimizin ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 riskleri bir kez daha g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne sermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\u00dclkemizin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc birinci derece risk ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131na ve s\u0131k aral\u0131klarla b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fiddette depremler ya\u015fanmakta olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, son on yedi y\u0131lda uygulamaya ge\u00e7irilen mevzuat ve d\u00fczenlemeler, kentsel ve k\u0131rsal alanlarda b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl planlama anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 terk etmi\u015f, yap\u0131l\u0131 \u00e7evrede afet riskini azaltmak yerine art\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli yap\u0131 \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecinin g\u00fcvencesi olan kamusal denetim devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f; yerini yerel ve k\u00fcresel sermayenin kazan\u00e7 sa\u011flamas\u0131na odaklanan d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm politikalar\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
2011 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana h\u0131z kazanan afet riskinin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ama\u00e7l\u0131 projelerde; bilime, tekni\u011fe ve \u015fehircilik ilkelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak nitelikli planlama ve mimarl\u0131k hizmetleri ile kamu yarar\u0131 \u00f6nceli\u011fini yok sayan uygulamalar \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu projelerin en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ise; yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu birinci ve ikinci derece risk ta\u015f\u0131yan ve bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara g\u00f6re yak\u0131n gelecekte b\u00fcy\u00fck bir depremin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fece\u011fini \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u0130stanbul\u2019da planlanmaktad\u0131r. Kamula\u015ft\u0131rmalar ve arazi al\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, \u201cKanal \u0130stanbul Projesi\u201d i\u00e7in yasal altyap\u0131y\u0131 olu\u015fturan d\u00fczenlemeler ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz Nisan ay\u0131nda tamamlanm\u0131\u015f, finansal altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n tamamlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in tasar\u0131lar Meclis g\u00fcndemine al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Do\u011fa ve \u00e7evre felaketlerine sebep olaca\u011f\u0131, yaln\u0131zca kenti de\u011fil i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu t\u00fcm co\u011frafi b\u00f6lgeyi ve hatta uluslararas\u0131 alan\u0131 etkileyece\u011fi konusunda bilim insanlar\u0131nca yap\u0131lan uyar\u0131lara ra\u011fmen merkezi ve yerel y\u00f6netimler projenin hayata ge\u00e7irilmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n
Kamu yarar\u0131 yerine \u00f6zel \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n korunmas\u0131n\u0131 ama\u00e7layan bu uygulamalar\u0131n daha geni\u015f alanlarda b\u00fct\u00fcn kentlerde kamu denetimi olmaks\u0131z\u0131n uygulanabilmesi i\u00e7in; afet riskinin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla getirilen yasal d\u00fczenlemelere yenileri eklenmi\u015ftir. \u00dclkemizin do\u011fu ve g\u00fcneydo\u011fusunda ya\u015fanan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ve sava\u015f ortam\u0131 sonucu olu\u015fan y\u0131k\u0131m, kamu d\u00fczeni ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, yap\u0131 ve altyap\u0131 hasarlar\u0131, benimsenen politikalar sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ka\u00e7ak yap\u0131lar da d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm gerek\u00e7elerine d\u00e2hil edilmi\u015f; 6306 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun \u201cafet riski alt\u0131ndaki alanlar ve yap\u0131lar hakk\u0131nda uygulama yap\u0131lmas\u0131\u201d olarak tariflenen amac\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, Bakanlar Kurulunca uygun g\u00f6r\u00fclen ve karar verilen her alanda uygulama yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
15 Temmuz 2016 tarihinde ya\u015fanan darbe giri\u015fiminin ard\u0131ndan ise bu kez g\u00fcndeme, askeri alanlar ve yap\u0131lar\u0131n yeniden i\u015flevlendirilmesi; kamu kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zelle\u015ftirilerek kurumlara ait gayrimenkullerin sat\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen yasal d\u00fczenlemeler gelmi\u015ftir. D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ve yenileme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin devam\u0131 i\u00e7in in\u015faat ve yap\u0131 sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde getirilen bu d\u00fczenlemelerle sermaye, kamusal alanlara, kent topra\u011f\u0131na ve emlak rant\u0131na y\u00f6nlendirilmektedir.<\/p>\n
D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck yo\u011funluklu askeri alanlar\u0131n yeni i\u015flevler y\u00fcklenerek y\u00fcksek yo\u011funluklu alanlara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi; otoyollar, k\u00f6pr\u00fcler, havalimanlar\u0131 n\u00fckleer ve hidroelektrik santraller gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck altyap\u0131 projelerine finansman sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla kamu idarelerinin \u00f6zelle\u015ftirilerek gayrimenkullerinin sat\u0131lmas\u0131 ve imara a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131; n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011funun h\u0131zl\u0131 yap\u0131la\u015fma yoluyla artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kentlerimiz i\u00e7in afetlere kar\u015f\u0131 yeni bir risk olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00dclkemizde Cumhuriyet tarihinde ilk kez, n\u00fcfusun \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu k\u0131rsal alanlar yerine kentlerde ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. 1927 y\u0131l\u0131nda n\u00fcfusun %24\u2019\u00fc kentlerde ya\u015farken; 2009 y\u0131l\u0131 resmi verilerine g\u00f6re n\u00fcfusun %75,5\u2019i kentlerde, % 24,5\u2019i ise k\u0131rsal alanda ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. Son derece y\u00fcksek olan kentle\u015fme h\u0131z\u0131, biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin tehdit alt\u0131nda olmas\u0131, do\u011fal ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131n tahrip edilmesi yaln\u0131zca deprem de\u011fil; art\u0131k d\u00fcnya i\u00e7in \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k bir tehdit olan k\u00fcresel iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin sebep oldu\u011fu afetler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda da \u00fclkemizi savunmas\u0131z b\u0131rakmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Gelinen a\u015famada; g\u00fcvenli ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 yap\u0131la\u015fman\u0131n g\u00fcvencesi olan kamu denetiminin ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, siyasi iktidar\u0131n kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ad\u0131na s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z yetki kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131, yerel y\u00f6netimlerin iktidar\u0131n emrinde oldu\u011fu veya tamamen devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, toplumsal kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yok say\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ko\u015fullarda; g\u00fcvenli ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 kentle\u015fme i\u00e7in toplumsal duyarl\u0131l\u0131k en \u00f6nemli g\u00fcvence haline gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Afetler ve kriz durumlar\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 iyile\u015fme s\u00fcre\u00e7leri, m\u00fcdahalede yer alan t\u00fcm akt\u00f6rlerin koordinasyonu ve i\u015fbirli\u011fi ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Afet ve afet sonras\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin y\u00f6netimi hakk\u0131nda merkezi-yerel y\u00f6netimlerce geli\u015ftirilecek politikalar\u0131n bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131, meslek odalar\u0131n\u0131, akademik kurulu\u015flar\u0131 ve ilgili t\u00fcm kesimleri dikkate alarak olu\u015fturulmas\u0131, toplumsal ve y\u00f6netimsel haf\u0131zan\u0131n korunarak gelecek ku\u015faklara aktar\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunludur.<\/p>\n
Mimarlar Odas\u0131 olarak, toplumun t\u00fcm kesimlerini, her a\u015famas\u0131 ile hem do\u011fal ya\u015fam\u0131 tehdit eden ve afet risklerini artt\u0131ran politikalara kar\u015f\u0131 bilin\u00e7li, demokratik ve duyarl\u0131 tepkilerini ortaya koymaya \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131yoruz. Bu ba\u011flamda mimarl\u0131k ve \u015fehircilik ilkelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen planlama ve yap\u0131la\u015fma ger\u00e7e\u011fi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda; kimlikli, ya\u015fan\u0131l\u0131r, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli kentlerin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7abalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmekte kararl\u0131 oldu\u011fumuzu vurguluyoruz. Bu konudaki mesleki deneyim, birikim ve bilgilerimizi h\u0131zl\u0131 ve b\u00fcy\u00fck yap\u0131la\u015fma hedefleriyle, d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ve afet bask\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen kentlerimiz ve yap\u0131l\u0131 \u00e7evremiz i\u00e7in her ko\u015fulda ve toplum yarar\u0131na kullanaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 de\u011ferli kamuoyumuz ile payla\u015f\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n
TMMOB M\u0130MARLAR ODASI<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"17 A\u011fustos 1999 tarihinde Kocaeli-G\u00f6lc\u00fck merkezli; b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, etkiledi\u011fi alan\u0131n geni\u015fli\u011fi, sebep oldu\u011fu…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2010],"tags":[1579,224],"class_list":{"0":"post-22190","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-basin-aciklamalari","8":"tag-17-agustos","9":"tag-17-agustos-depremi"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22190","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22190"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22190\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22190"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22190"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22190"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}