Bayer\u2019e g\u00f6re Monsanto\u2019nun al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n hissedarlar, m\u00fc\u015fteriler, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar ve toplum i\u00e7in faydal\u0131. Peki, bu geli\u015fme do\u011fa, insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik, verimlilik ve \u00e7ift\u00e7iler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ne anlama geliyor?<\/p>\n
Monsanto \u015firketi m\u0131s\u0131r, soya fasulyesi, pamuk, bu\u011fday ve \u015feker kam\u0131\u015f\u0131 gibi geneti\u011fiyle oynanm\u0131\u015f tohumlara sahip bir d\u00fcnya devi.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya kimya ve ila\u00e7 devlerinden biri olan Bayer Monsanto\u2019yu almak istiyordu. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, Bayer ve Monsanto aras\u0131ndaki sat\u0131n alma m\u00fczakereleri aylard\u0131r s\u00fcr\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n
May\u0131s ay\u0131nda Bayer Monsanto\u2019ya hisse ba\u015f\u0131na 122 dolar teklif etti. Fakat Monsanto bu teklifi kabul etmedi. Eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda Bayer teklifini 127,5 dolara y\u00fckseltti. En nihayet beher hisse ba\u015f\u0131na 128 dolar \u00fczerinden el s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar. Anla\u015ft\u0131lar.<\/p>\n
Almanya\u2019n\u0131n kimya ve ila\u00e7 devi Bayer, tohum ve tar\u0131m ila\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00fcreticisi Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri devi Monsanto\u2019yu 66 milyar dolara sat\u0131n ald\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u201cBuraya kadar anlatt\u0131klar\u0131ma zenginin paras\u0131 z\u00fc\u011f\u00fcrd\u00fcn \u00e7enesini yorar\u201d diyebilirsiniz. Hatta bana ne, bize ne deyip \u00fczerinde durmayabilirsiniz. Ancak bu o kadar basit yok say\u0131lacak, \u00fczerinden atlan\u0131lacak bir durum de\u011fil. \u00d6nce onu belirteyim.<\/p>\n
\u0130ktisat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funa g\u00f6re, bu sat\u0131n alma piyasa de\u011ferlerinin \u00fczerinde tecelli etti. Ama b\u00f6yle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen iktisat\u00e7\u0131lar yan\u0131l\u0131yor bana g\u00f6re. Nedenini anlamak i\u00e7in d\u00fcnya ila\u00e7 ve tohum pazar\u0131n\u0131n akt\u00f6rlerine yak\u0131ndan bakmak gerekir.<\/p>\n
K\u00fcresel tar\u0131m ila\u00e7 pazar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 75\u2019ini alt\u0131 \u015firket kontrol ediyor. Syngenta y\u00fczde 20\u2019lik pay ile birinci, Bayer y\u00fczde 18 pay ile ikinci durumda. Basf y\u00fczde 13, Dow AgroSciences y\u00fczde 10, Monsanto y\u00fczde 8, Dupont y\u00fczde 6\u2019l\u0131k pay ile bu ikilinin ard\u0131nda s\u0131ralan\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n
Peki, k\u00fcresel tohum pazar\u0131 ne durumda?<\/strong><\/p>\n Monsanto y\u00fczde 26\u2019l\u0131k pay ile ba\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ekiyor. Monsanto\u2019yu Dupont (Pionner) y\u00fczde 21, Sygenta y\u00fczde 8, Limagrain y\u00fczde 5, Dow AgoSciences y\u00fczde 4, KWS y\u00fczde 4, Bayer CropScience y\u00fczde 3\u2019l\u00fck* pay ile izliyor.<\/p>\n \u0130\u015fte d\u00fcnya tohum pazar\u0131ndaki sonuncu Bayer birinci s\u0131radaki Monsanto\u2019yu sat\u0131n ald\u0131.<\/p>\n Buraya kadar ki b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00f6zetleyecek olursak Bayer bu sat\u0131n almayla, basamaklar\u0131 h\u0131zla t\u0131rmand\u0131. D\u00fcnya ila\u00e7 ve tohum pazar\u0131n\u0131n en tepesine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n tohum ve ila\u00e7 tekeli oldu.<\/p>\n GDO\u2019lu [Geneti\u011fi De\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f Organizmalar] tohumlar i\u00e7indeki ila\u00e7la birlikte sat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve Monsanto\u2019nun tohum biriminin d\u00fcnya GDO devi oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fczde bu sat\u0131n alma de\u011ferinin \u00fcst\u00fcnde de\u011fil.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in anlam\u0131 ne peki? Bayer bir Alman \u015firketi. Almanya Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nin (AB) lider devleti, yani belirleyicisi.<\/p>\n Bug\u00fcne kadar AB\u2019ye girmekte zorlanan GDO\u2019lu tohum devi Monsanto Bayer ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda bu kadar zorlanacak m\u0131? Bilemem. Bekleyece\u011fiz, g\u00f6rece\u011fiz. T\u00fcrkiye de AB ile her iki yana\u011f\u0131 ile birlikte temasta, sadece Meri\u00e7 ile aralar\u0131nda su s\u0131z\u0131yor.<\/p>\n Sat\u0131n alma sonras\u0131nda, Bayer CEO\u2019su Werner Baumann, Monsanto\u2019nun sat\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n hissedarlara, m\u00fc\u015fterilere, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara ve toplumun geneline b\u00fcy\u00fck fayda sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti.<\/p>\n Acaba?<\/strong><\/p>\n Ama do\u011fa ve insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in risk olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131, biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi azaltaca\u011f\u0131, verimsizli\u011fe neden olaca\u011f\u0131 da ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n \u2013 GDO\u2019lu tohumlarla verimlik artmayacak. Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri (ABD) \u00fcniversitelerinde yap\u0131lan testlerde GDO\u2019lu soyan\u0131n di\u011fer soyalara g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 5,3 daha az verimli oldu\u011fu tespit edildi.<\/p>\n Nebraska \u00fcniversitesi bitki bilimcileri 2001\u2019de yapt\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda benzer d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck sonu\u00e7lar elde edildi. Kansas Devlet \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda GDO\u2019lu soya verimlili\u011finin y\u00fczde 9 oran\u0131nda daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu sonucuna var\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n Yani GDO\u2019lu tohumlar k\u0131tl\u0131\u011fa giden yollar\u0131 asfaltl\u0131yor asl\u0131nda.<\/p>\n \u2013 GDO\u2019lu tohum kullanmak \u00e7ift\u00e7iler i\u00e7in ila\u00e7 fiyat\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrm\u00fcyor. \u0130la\u00e7 kullan\u0131m miktar\u0131n\u0131 azaltm\u0131yor, artt\u0131r\u0131yor. GDO\u2019lu tohum fiyat\u0131 \u00fcretici firmalar taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fcrekli y\u00fckseltiliyor. Yani GDO\u2019lu tohumla \u00fcretim \u00e7ift\u00e7ileri yoksulla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n \u2013 GDO\u2019lu \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin kimyasal kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 daha fazla. T\u00fcm halk i\u00e7in sa\u011fl\u0131k riski olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n \u2013 GDO\u2019lu tohum kullan\u0131m\u0131 ila\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrekli artt\u0131rmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, toprak ve su kirleniyor. Kullan\u0131lmaz oluyor.<\/p>\n \u2013 GDO\u2019lu tohum kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sadece \u015firketlerin piyasaya sundu\u011fu az say\u0131daki tohumlar kullan\u0131l\u0131yor, di\u011fer tohumlar zamanla kayboluyor. Ayr\u0131ca GDO\u2019lu tohumlar\u0131n benzer k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve yabanileri kendisine benzetme \u00f6zelli\u011finden dolay\u0131 da do\u011fadaki biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik azal\u0131yor.<\/p>\n Anlayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z GDO tehlikesi Atlantik\u2019i paran\u0131n h\u00fckm\u00fcyle kazas\u0131z belas\u0131z a\u015ft\u0131. Avrupa\u2019ya ula\u015ft\u0131. Aram\u0131zdaki Meri\u00e7 nehri bizi korumaya yetecek mi? G\u00f6rece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n Demem odur ki;<\/p>\n K\u00f6yl\u00fclerin, ekolojinin ve insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n aleyhine k\u00fcresel tar\u0131m tekelleri a\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6r\u00fcyor. K\u00fcresel tar\u0131m tekellerin dayatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 end\u00fcstriyel tar\u0131m\u0131n panzehiri olan bilgiye, bilgi payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131na, bulguya, dayan\u0131\u015fmaya, bilgeli\u011fe dayal\u0131 k\u00f6yl\u00fc tar\u0131m\u0131 en \u00f6nemli alternatif olma \u00f6zelli\u011fini koruyor. (AA\/BA)<\/p>\n * Tohum ve ila\u00e7 konusundaki veriler ETC Grup\u2019tan derlendi.<\/p>\n Abdullah Aysu<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Bayer\u2019e g\u00f6re Monsanto\u2019nun al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n hissedarlar, m\u00fc\u015fteriler, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar ve toplum i\u00e7in faydal\u0131. Peki,…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":22549,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4689],"tags":[3259,126,3260,3262,3261],"class_list":{"0":"post-22548","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-secki","8":"tag-bayern","9":"tag-gdo","10":"tag-gdolu-tohum","11":"tag-monsanto","12":"tag-tohum"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22548","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22548"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22548\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22549"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22548"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22548"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22548"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}