{"id":22611,"date":"2016-09-25T14:55:24","date_gmt":"2016-09-25T11:55:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/\/?p=22611"},"modified":"2019-01-28T20:40:24","modified_gmt":"2019-01-28T17:40:24","slug":"yesil-devrim-surecinin-kacinilmaz-sonucu-su-kitligi-saliha-kilic-gaia-dergi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/yesil-devrim-surecinin-kacinilmaz-sonucu-su-kitligi-saliha-kilic-gaia-dergi\/","title":{"rendered":"Ye\u015fil devrim s\u00fcrecinin ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz sonucu: Su k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 &#8211; Saliha K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 (Gaia Dergi)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/su_savas_1.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-22613\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/su_savas_1.jpg\" alt=\"su_savas_1\" width=\"694\" height=\"392\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/su_savas_1.jpg 620w, https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/su_savas_1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/su_savas_1-150x85.jpg 150w, https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/su_savas_1-354x200.jpg 354w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 694px) 100vw, 694px\" \/><\/a>Ye\u015fil Devrim, 1960 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra ba\u015flayan ve d\u00fcnya tar\u0131m\u0131nda \u201cy\u00fcksek tane\u201d verimini ama\u00e7layan tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim bi\u00e7iminin de\u011fi\u015fmesi s\u00fcrecini ifade etmektedir. Y\u00fcksek tane verimine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim girdilerinin artmas\u0131 ile sonu\u00e7lanan bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te, geleneksel tar\u0131m y\u00f6ntemleri d\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015f ve melez ya da geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f tohumlarla elde edilen bitkilerin \u00fcretimini destekleyen bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir.<\/p>\n<p>Ye\u015fil devrim s\u00fcreci tar\u0131msal girdiler olan toprak (tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim alan\u0131), bitki besleme girdileri (ba\u015fta g\u00fcbreler olmak \u00fczere) ve su gibi tar\u0131msal girdileri hayli art\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tar\u0131msal girdilerin bu denli art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve sonu\u00e7ta \u00fcretimin ne denli veriminin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131, geleneksel tar\u0131m y\u00f6ntemlerinin d\u0131\u015flanmas\u0131 ve tar\u0131m\u0131n k\u00fcresel ticarete endekslenmesi ile yerel \u00fcretim sistemlerinin ye\u015fil devrim s\u00fcreciyle yok edilmesi gibi \u00f6gelerin her biri ye\u015fil devrim s\u00fcrecinin tart\u0131\u015fma konular\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak burada bir tar\u0131msal girdi olansuyun ye\u015fil devrim s\u00fcrecindeki durumu ele al\u0131nacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Geleneksel tar\u0131m y\u00f6ntemlerinin d\u0131\u015flanmas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00d6ncelikle k\u00fcresel tar\u0131m ticaretine endekslenen ye\u015fil devrim s\u00fcreci verimlili\u011fin art\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 sav\u0131yla yola \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim amac\u0131yla tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fletilmesiyle i\u015fe ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fletilmesi ise ormans\u0131zla\u015fmay\u0131 beraberinde getirmektedir. Ormans\u0131zla\u015fma ve geleneksel tarla bitkilerinin yok edilmesi topra\u011f\u0131n suyu tutma kapasitesini azaltm\u0131\u015f, su k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Geleneksel tar\u0131m y\u00f6ntemlerini d\u0131\u015flayan ye\u015fil devrim s\u00fcreci, birim su miktar\u0131na en y\u00fcksek verimi sa\u011flayan, topra\u011f\u0131n suyu tutma kapasitesini art\u0131ran ve ayn\u0131 zamanda kurakl\u0131\u011fa dayan\u0131kl\u0131 geleneksel tarla bitkilerini yok etmi\u015ftir. Bunlar\u0131n yerine sulama ihtiyac\u0131 hayli fazla, k\u00fcresel tar\u0131m ticaretine en uygun bitkilerin \u00fcretimini dayatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Oysaki geleneksel tar\u0131m bitleri binlerce y\u0131ll\u0131k deneyimler sonucu yerel girdilerin maksimum d\u00fczeyde \u00fcstelik s\u00fcreklili\u011fini de sa\u011flayacak \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ile olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k su ihtiyac\u0131 fazla olan bitkiler yereldeki suyun \u00e7ok daha fazlas\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duymakta b\u00f6ylece insan ve hayvan g\u00fcc\u00fcne dayal\u0131 geleneksel sulama y\u00f6ntemleri yetersiz kalmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/kurakl\u0131k-300x150.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-22612 alignright\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/kurakl\u0131k-300x150.jpg\" alt=\"kuraklik-300x150\" width=\"376\" height=\"188\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/kurakl\u0131k-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/kurakl\u0131k-300x150-150x75.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 376px) 100vw, 376px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Geleneksel sulama y\u00f6ntemleri hem suyun a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemi\u015f hem de yeralt\u0131 sular\u0131n\u0131n kendini yenileyebilmesine f\u0131rsat vermi\u015ftir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k geleneksel sulama y\u00f6ntemlerini d\u0131\u015flayan ye\u015fil devrim s\u00fcrecinin getirdi\u011fi sulama y\u00f6ntemleri, suyun kendini yenilemesine f\u0131rsat vermeyecek bir h\u0131zla t\u00fcketen su motorlar\u0131, gittik\u00e7e daha derinlere inen sondajlamalar ve pompa sistemlerine b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu durum yeralt\u0131 ve yer\u00fcst\u00fc sular\u0131n\u0131n giderek azalmas\u0131na ve nihayetinde t\u00fckenmesine sebep olmu\u015ftur. Ye\u015fil devrimin suyu h\u0131zla t\u00fcketmesinin sonucu da su k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Do\u011fan\u0131n verebilece\u011finden fazlas\u0131n\u0131 istemek, ye\u015fil devrim s\u00fcrecinin bencilli\u011fidir. Ya\u015fam\u0131n temel kayna\u011f\u0131 ve ekosistemin yenilenebilirli\u011fi i\u00e7in olmas\u0131 gereken suyun \u201cisraf\u201d olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ye\u015fil devrim s\u00fcreci, do\u011fal tahamm\u00fcl\u00fc zorlamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcm canl\u0131lar i\u00e7in ya\u015fam kayna\u011f\u0131 olan suyu a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kullanarak canl\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 tehdit eden ye\u015fil devrim s\u00fcreci bolluk yerine k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131, yenilenebilirlik yerine s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclemezli\u011fi k\u0131sacas\u0131 ya\u015fam yerine \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc getirmektedir.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Kaynak:<\/strong><\/em> <em>Vandana Shiva- \u00c7al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f Hasat, Vandana Shiva- Su Sava\u015flar\u0131<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Ye\u015fil Devrim, 1960 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra ba\u015flayan ve d\u00fcnya tar\u0131m\u0131nda \u201cy\u00fcksek tane\u201d verimini&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4689],"tags":[3273,2402,3272],"class_list":{"0":"post-22611","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-secki","8":"tag-su-kitligi","9":"tag-su-krizi","10":"tag-susuzluk"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22611","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22611"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22611\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22611"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22611"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22611"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}