{"id":24026,"date":"2017-01-20T15:27:31","date_gmt":"2017-01-20T12:27:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/\/?p=24026"},"modified":"2019-01-28T20:40:22","modified_gmt":"2019-01-28T17:40:22","slug":"olmez-agac-zeytin-iklim-degisikligi-ozge-geyik-yesil-gazete","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/olmez-agac-zeytin-iklim-degisikligi-ozge-geyik-yesil-gazete\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00d6lmez a\u011fa\u00e7 zeytin ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi – \u00d6zge Geyik (Ye\u015fil Gazete)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bilindi\u011fi ve her f\u0131rsatta tekrar edilmesi gerekti\u011fi \u00fczere, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki t\u00fcm ya\u015fam formlar\u0131n\u0131 ve bunlar aras\u0131ndaki dengeyi etkiliyor. Artan s\u0131cakl\u0131klar, kurakl\u0131k, seller, yak\u0131n zamanda tatt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z siklonlu ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar ve daha bir\u00e7ok a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 hava olay\u0131 t\u00fcrlerin ekosistemdeki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kritik d\u00fczeyde de\u011fi\u015ftirebiliyor.
\n\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin hem \u00f6znesi hem de nesnesi konumundaki tar\u0131m, insan\u0131n en temel ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131ndan olan g\u0131da temin etme fonksiyonu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131nda ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin g\u0131da g\u00fcvencesi politikalar\u0131nda \u00f6ncelikli alanlar aras\u0131nda geliyor.<\/p>\n

De\u011fi\u015fen iklim ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n bitki metabolizmas\u0131nda ne t\u00fcr de\u011fi\u015fimlere yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fini \u00f6ng\u00f6rmek olduk\u00e7a karma\u015f\u0131k bir s\u00fcre\u00e7, zira ekosistemdeki her canl\u0131 birbirine g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc ile ba\u011fl\u0131. Yeni ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda bitkinin b\u00fcy\u00fcme h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n ve k\u00fctlesinin ne olaca\u011f\u0131 kadar bu bitki t\u00fcrleriyle beslenen di\u011fer canl\u0131lar\u0131n nas\u0131l etkilenece\u011fi de \u00fcr\u00fcn verimlili\u011finde \u00f6nem arz ediyor.<\/p>\n

Yap\u0131lan \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar bin y\u0131llard\u0131r bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n, bilgeli\u011fin, bereketin sembol\u00fc; Akdeniz k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ayr\u0131lmaz par\u00e7as\u0131 zeytin a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fen iklim ko\u015fullar\u0131 alt\u0131nda gelece\u011fini ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor- ki iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi kaynakl\u0131 tehlike \u00e7anlar\u0131n\u0131n en net i\u015fitildi\u011fi b\u00f6lgelerden biri Akdeniz havzas\u0131. \u0130talya Yeni Teknolojiler, Enerji ve S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir Ekonomik Kalk\u0131nma Ulusal Ajans\u0131 (ENEA) veS\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir Agro-ekolojik Sistemler Merkezi (CASAS)\u2018nden bilim insan\u0131 Luigi Ponti, bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda ortalama 1.8\u00b0C\u2018lik s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n zeytin fenolojisi ve zeytin sine\u011fi pop\u00fclasyonuna etkilerini incelemi\u015fti. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sonunda Akdeniz havzas\u0131nda hem kazananlar\u0131n hem de kaybedenlerin olabilece\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Kurulan biyoekonomik modele g\u00f6re (verim, zararl\u0131larla m\u00fccadele maliyeti, \u00fcr\u00fcn kalitesi ve bunlara ba\u011fl\u0131 piyasa fiyatlar\u0131 gibi parametreler e\u015fli\u011finde) 1.8\u00b0C\u2019 lik art\u0131\u015fa havzan\u0131n farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgeleri farkl\u0131 tepkiler vermekte. Zeytin sine\u011fi istilas\u0131 artmakta ya da azalmakta, \u00f6te yandan s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn verimlili\u011fi de \u00e7e\u015fitlilik g\u00f6stermekte. Ekonomik kayb\u0131n en fazla ba\u015fta Orta Do\u011fu olmak \u00fczereT\u00fcrkiye, Yunanistan ve Balkanlar\u2019\u0131 i\u00e7ine alan b\u00f6lgelerde ya\u015fanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. Dahas\u0131, ekonomik kay\u0131plardan en \u00e7ok etkilenecek gruplar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6lle\u015fmeye meyilli e\u011fimli arazilerdeki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7iftlik sahiplerini etkilemesi beklenmekte. Zararl\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131nda art\u0131\u015f\u0131n oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgeler ise daha fazla kimyasal ila\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131yla uzun vadede bu zararl\u0131lar\u0131n diren\u00e7 kazanmas\u0131na ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla artan maliyet ve zararlara maruz kalabilir.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak terk edilmek zorunda kal\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu topraklar erozyona a\u00e7\u0131k, ekosistem sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u0131da g\u00fcvencesi \u00f6n\u00fcnde tehdit olu\u015fturan alanlar haline geliyor.<\/p>\n

Buraya kadarki k\u0131sm\u0131 zeytinin iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine nas\u0131l ve ne dereceye kadar uyum sa\u011flayabilece\u011fi olarak ele al\u0131rsak e\u011fer, s\u0131ra \u00f6lmez a\u011fac\u0131n iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi azalt\u0131m s\u00fcre\u00e7lerindeki olas\u0131 rollerine geliyor.<\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 Zeytin Konseyi (IOC) nin Marake\u015f\u2019te d\u00fczenlenen 22. taraflar toplant\u0131s\u0131nda (\u00f6teki ad\u0131 ile COP22) zeytin a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evre \u00fczerindeki olumlu etkilerine y\u00f6nelik bir sunum ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015fti. Buna g\u00f6re, e\u011fimli arazilerde yeti\u015fen ve benzer odunsu bitkilerin hayatta kalamayaca\u011f\u0131 zor iklim ko\u015fullar\u0131na dayan\u0131kl\u0131 zeytin a\u011fac\u0131 bu \u00f6zellikleri sayesinde erozyon ve \u00e7\u00f6lle\u015fmeyle m\u00fccadelede \u00f6nemli bir rol sahibi. Erozyonu engelleyici ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla organik maddenin (yani asl\u0131nda atmosferdeki karbondioksitten fotosentez yoluyla al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f karbonun) toprakta tutulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 rol\u00fc zeytini iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi azalt\u0131m\u0131nda yard\u0131mc\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131yor. Yine IOC\u2019ye g\u00f6re, 1 litre zeytinya\u011f\u0131 \u00fcretiminin belli \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda 10 kg\u2019a kadar CO2\u2018yi tutma potansiyeli var. Yani zeytin a\u011fac\u0131 hem erozyona a\u00e7\u0131k topraklar\u0131 koruyucu \u00f6zelli\u011fi hem de zeytin ya\u011f\u0131 \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in gereken zeytinlerini olu\u015fturmada atmosferden tuttu\u011fu CO2 sayesinde iklim adaleti i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele saflar\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak, bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n simgesi \u00f6lmez a\u011fa\u00e7 iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi tehdidi alt\u0131nda olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l yan\u0131n\u0131 unutmuyor ve yap\u0131c\u0131 m\u00fccadelesine devam ediyor.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fum g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fu g\u00fcnlerde Naz\u0131m Hikmet\u2019ten a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki al\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n tam da yeri sanki..<\/p>\n

Yani, \u00f6ylesine ciddiye alacaks\u0131n ki ya\u015famay\u0131,
\nyetmi\u015finde bile, mesela, zeytin dikeceksin,
\nhem de \u00f6yle \u00e7ocuklara falan kal\u0131r diye de\u011fil,
\n\u00f6lmekten korktu\u011fun halde \u00f6l\u00fcme inanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n i\u00e7in,
\nya\u015famak yan\u0131 a\u011f\u0131r bast\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Bilindi\u011fi ve her f\u0131rsatta tekrar edilmesi gerekti\u011fi \u00fczere, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki t\u00fcm…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4689],"tags":[3046,3160,1263],"class_list":{"0":"post-24026","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-secki","8":"tag-iklim","9":"tag-kuraklik","10":"tag-zeytin"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24026","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24026"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24026\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24026"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24026"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24026"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}