{"id":24743,"date":"2017-03-27T12:50:59","date_gmt":"2017-03-27T09:50:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/\/?p=24743"},"modified":"2019-01-28T22:04:15","modified_gmt":"2019-01-28T19:04:15","slug":"emo-muhendislerde-issizlik-orani-7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/emo-muhendislerde-issizlik-orani-7\/","title":{"rendered":"EMO: M\u00fchendislerde i\u015fsizlik oran\u0131 %18,7"},"content":{"rendered":"

Elektrik M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fcyeleriyle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 profil ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Sonu\u00e7lara g\u00f6re m\u00fchendislerin %18,7\u2019si i\u015fsiz.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Elektrik M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 M\u00fchendislik \u0130stihdam\u0131 ve Mesleki Alan Ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. 4 bin 178 \u00fcyenin kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re elektrik, elektronik, haberle\u015fme, biyomedikal m\u00fchendislerinde i\u015fsizlik oran\u0131 %18,7 . Bu disiplinlerdeki her 100 ki\u015fiden 19\u2019u i\u015fsiz. <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Ya\u015fa g\u00f6re i\u015fsizlik oran\u0131 grafi\u011fi<\/em><\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n bir ba\u015fka sonucu ise ya\u015flar\u0131 31 ve daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olan gen\u00e7 m\u00fchendislerde i\u015fsizlik oran\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131yor olu\u015fu. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya kat\u0131lan gen\u00e7 m\u00fchendisler aras\u0131ndaki i\u015fsizlik oran\u0131 %26,91. Her 100 gen\u00e7 m\u00fchendisin 27\u2019si i\u015fsiz.<\/p>\n

Kad\u0131n m\u00fchendislere i\u015f yok<\/strong>
\n\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok ayr\u0131mc\u0131 uygulamaya maruz kalan kad\u0131n m\u00fchendislerin i\u015fsizlik oran\u0131 erkek meslekta\u015flar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00e7ok daha fazla. M\u00fchendislik \u0130stihdam\u0131 ve Mesleki Alan Ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 bu ger\u00e7e\u011fi de g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor. Sonu\u00e7lara g\u00f6re kad\u0131n m\u00fchendislerin i\u015fsizlik oran\u0131 %30. Her 100 kad\u0131n m\u00fchendisin 30\u2019u i\u015f bulam\u0131yor.
\n
\nAra\u015ft\u0131rma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n duyuruldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131klaman\u0131n tam metni \u015fu \u015fekilde:<\/strong><\/p>\n

“Elektrik M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131; 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi “EMO M\u00fchendislik \u0130stihdam\u0131 ve Mesleki Alan” ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda i\u015fsizlik rakamlar\u0131n\u0131 belirledi. Elektrik, elektronik, elektronik haberle\u015fme, kontrol ve otomasyon, elektrik-elektronik, biyomedikal m\u00fchendislerinden olu\u015fan EMO \u00fcyesi m\u00fchendisler aras\u0131nda i\u015fsizli\u011fin y\u00fczde 18.7`ye t\u0131rmand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u0130\u015fsizlerin y\u00fczde 63.25 ile yar\u0131dan fazlas\u0131n\u0131 31 ya\u015f ve alt\u0131 gen\u00e7 m\u00fchendisler olu\u015fturdu.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya kat\u0131lan 4 bin 178 \u00fcyeden i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc arz\u0131na dahil olmayan 75 ki\u015fi d\u0131\u015far\u0131da tutuldu\u011funda; 770 m\u00fchendisin i\u015fsiz oldu\u011fu belirlendi. \u0130\u015f\u015fiz EMO \u00fcyelerinin ya\u015fa g\u00f6re da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131; en b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015fsiz kesiminin 1985 ve sonras\u0131 do\u011fumlu gen\u00e7 m\u00fchendisler oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi. \u0130\u015fsiz 770 m\u00fchendisin y\u00fczde 63.25`i gen\u00e7 m\u00fchendislerden olu\u015furken; y\u00fczde 13.51`i 52-61; y\u00fczde 8.57`si 32-41; y\u00fczde 7.01`i 42-51 ya\u015f aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndad\u0131r. 62 ya\u015f ve \u00fczerinde olan m\u00fchendislerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc arz\u0131 olu\u015fturmaya devam etmekte olup; i\u015fsiz m\u00fchendislerin y\u00fczde 7.66`s\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Unvanlar\u0131na g\u00f6re bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; 770 i\u015fsiz m\u00fchendisin y\u00fczde 59.12`si elektrik elektronik m\u00fchendisi; y\u00fczde 28.7`si elektrik m\u00fchendisi; y\u00fczde 11.82`si elektronik ve elektronik haberle\u015fme m\u00fchendisidir.<\/p>\n

Her unvan i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 i\u015fsizlik oran\u0131 hesapland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise; elektrik elektronik m\u00fchendislerinin y\u00fczde 19.67`sinin, elektrik ve elektronik haberle\u015fme m\u00fchendislerinin y\u00fczde 19.4`\u00fcn\u00fcn, elektrik m\u00fchendislerinin ise y\u00fczde 16.9`unun i\u015fsiz oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Her ya\u015f grubu i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 i\u015fsizlik oranlar\u0131n\u0131n da 31 ya\u015f ve alt\u0131 gen\u00e7 m\u00fchendislerde y\u00fczde 26.91; 32-41 ya\u015f aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda y\u00fczde 6.63; 42-51 ya\u015f aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda y\u00fczde 9.94; 52-61 ya\u015f aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda y\u00fczde 21.53; 62 ya\u015f\u0131n \u00fczerinde olan m\u00fchendislerde y\u00fczde 21.69 oldu\u011fu saptand\u0131.<\/p>\n

Emekli m\u00fchendisler de i\u015f ar\u0131yor
\nVeriler i\u015fsizli\u011fin yeni mezun ve gen\u00e7 m\u00fchendisler i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck sorun oldu\u011funu, di\u011fer yandan emeklilik hakk\u0131n\u0131 elde etmi\u015f ya da emeklilik \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ndaki m\u00fchendislerin de halen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma zorunlulu\u011fu i\u00e7erisinde i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc arz\u0131 olu\u015fturmaya devam ettiklerini g\u00f6stermektedir. 52-61 ya\u015f aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki i\u015fsizli\u011fin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ise T\u00fcrkiye`de kademeli olarak y\u00fckseltilen emeklilik ya\u015f\u0131 ile istihdam alan\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011finin birbiriyle \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmedi\u011fine i\u015faret etmektedir. Yani ya\u015f ilerledik\u00e7e istihdam imkan\u0131 da daralmaktad\u0131r.
\nT\u00dc\u0130K`in son a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 2016 y\u0131l\u0131 i\u015fsizlik rakamlar\u0131 da m\u00fchendislik alan\u0131nda i\u015fsizli\u011fin art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re 2015`te y\u00fczde 8.8 olan m\u00fchendislerdeki i\u015fsizlik oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 9.4`e \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dcstelik i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne kat\u0131l\u0131m oran\u0131 ayn\u0131 kalmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n istihdam oran\u0131nda gerileme ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirlenmi\u015ftir. T\u00dc\u0130K`in m\u00fchendislerdeki i\u015fsizlik hesab\u0131 bile 73 bin m\u00fchendisin i\u015fsiz oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.
\nT\u00dc\u0130K; i\u015fsizlik hesab\u0131nda son 4 hafta i\u00e7erisinde i\u015f ba\u015fvurusunda bulunma ko\u015fulu aramaktad\u0131r. \u0130\u015fe ba\u015flayabilecek olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n son bir ayda i\u015f ba\u015fvurusu olmayan ki\u015filer i\u015fsiz say\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ek i\u015fsizlik rakamlar\u0131 daha y\u00fcksektir. EMO`nun ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda 1-3 aydan ba\u015flay\u0131p 2 y\u0131ldan fazlaya uzanan se\u00e7enek aral\u0131klar\u0131nda i\u015f arama s\u00fcreleri sorgulanm\u0131\u015f; i\u015f aramaktan vazge\u00e7enler de ayr\u0131ca belirlenmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130\u015f aramaktan vazge\u00e7en ancak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya haz\u0131r olanlar d\u0131\u015far\u0131da tutuldu\u011funda EMO \u00fcyeleri aras\u0131ndaki i\u015fsizlik oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 18.7`den y\u00fczde 16.23`e gerilemektedir. \u0130\u015f arama s\u00fcresi 6 ay ile s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda y\u00fczde 8.26, 1-3 ay ile s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda dahi y\u00fczde 5.06 oran\u0131nda i\u015fsizlik ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015f yok, i\u015f bulma umudu da yok
\n\u0130\u015f aramaktan vazge\u00e7ti\u011fini bildiren kesimin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re i\u015fsizlerin y\u00fczde 16.1`i umudunu kaybederek i\u015f aramaktan vazge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Ne yaz\u0131k ki bu oran \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak istemeyen kesimi de\u011fil, tam tersine i\u015f bulma umudunu yitirince ba\u015fka y\u00f6nelimlere ba\u015fvuranlar\u0131 kapsamaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle ya\u015f ile i\u015f arama s\u00fcresi aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki irdelendi\u011finde bu durum belirgin bir \u015fekilde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.
\nEmeklilik hakk\u0131n\u0131 elde etti\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilecek ya\u015f gruplar\u0131 bir kenarda b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda i\u015f aramaktan vazge\u00e7enlerin y\u00fczde 29.06 ile \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc 31 ya\u015f\u0131nda ve daha gen\u00e7 m\u00fchendislerdir. Y\u00fcksek lisans, doktora gibi akademik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ile i\u015f bulma olana\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmaya y\u00f6neldikleri ve halen aileleri taraf\u0131ndan desteklenebildikleri i\u00e7in bu kesim i\u015f aramaktan vazge\u00e7ebilmektedir. Ancak ya\u015f itibar\u0131yla kendi ge\u00e7im sorumlulu\u011funu \u00fcstlenmi\u015f, aile kurmu\u015f olduklar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilecek olan 32-41 ile 42-51 ya\u015f aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise i\u015f aramaktan vazge\u00e7me \u015fans\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 verilere de yans\u0131maktad\u0131r. G\u00f6rece daha kolay i\u015f bulabilen bu ya\u015f gruplar\u0131, i\u015f aramaktan vazge\u00e7enler i\u00e7inde s\u0131ras\u0131yla y\u00fczde 4.8 ve y\u00fczde 8.9 paya sahiptir.<\/p>\n

Kad\u0131n m\u00fchendislerde i\u015fsizlik oran\u0131 daha y\u00fcksek
\nErkek m\u00fchendislerde y\u00fczde 17.8 olan i\u015fsizlik oran\u0131, kad\u0131n m\u00fchendislerde y\u00fczde 29.97 ile daha y\u00fcksektir. \u0130\u015f arama s\u00fcrelerinde de kad\u0131n ve erkekler aras\u0131nda farkl\u0131l\u0131k bulunmaktad\u0131r. Kad\u0131nlarda y\u00fczde 56.12 olan 6 aydan daha uzun s\u00fcredir i\u015f arayanlar\u0131n oran\u0131, erkeklerde y\u00fczde 43.3`t\u00fcr. Kad\u0131n m\u00fchendislerin g\u00f6receli olarak uzun s\u00fcreli i\u015fsizli\u011fi daha \u00e7ok kabullendikleri ya da \u00fcmitlerini kaybetmeden i\u015f aramaya devam ettikleri anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Erkek i\u015fsizlerin y\u00fczde 16.5`i, kad\u0131n i\u015fsizlerin y\u00fczde 13.3`\u00fc i\u015f aramaktan vazge\u00e7ti\u011fini bildirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u00dclkemizin teknolojik geli\u015fimin gerisinde kalmas\u0131; \u00fcretici de\u011fil pazar olmas\u0131; artan gen\u00e7 n\u00fcfusa i\u015f yaratamayan ekonomik geli\u015fim modelinin tercih edilmesi; artan m\u00fchendis mezun say\u0131s\u0131; \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme ve piyasala\u015ft\u0131rma s\u00fcrecinin elektrik ve telekom\u00fcnikasyon alan\u0131nda m\u00fchendis istihdam\u0131n\u0131 olumsuz etkilemesi; \u00f6zellikle gen\u00e7 m\u00fchendislerin i\u015fsiz kalmas\u0131na neden olmaktad\u0131r. DPT`nin kapat\u0131lmas\u0131yla birlikte planlama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen istihdam \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcleri dahi art\u0131k yap\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r. Gen\u00e7ler m\u00fchendislik fak\u00fcltelerine b\u00fcy\u00fck umutlarla kay\u0131t olmaya devam etmekte, mezuniyet sonras\u0131 ise i\u015fsizlik a\u00e7maz\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmektedir. \u00dclkemizin teknolojik geli\u015fiminin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bilim ve akl\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde stratejik planlamalar yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve politikalar \u00fcretilmesine ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r. Elektrik, elektronik, telekom\u00fcnikasyon, biyomedikal gibi m\u00fchendislik alanlar\u0131nda acilen e\u011fitim ve istihdam planlamas\u0131 yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.”<\/em><\/p>\n


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