Kentimizin ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz g\u00fcnlerde do\u011fal olmayan afetlere (yang\u0131n gibi tedbir al\u0131narak bertaraf edilebilinecek) haz\u0131r olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131, peki do\u011fal afetlere haz\u0131r m\u0131? Son ya\u011f\u0131\u015flarla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan manzara g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir ki Bursa do\u011fal afetlere de haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 de\u011fil!<\/p>\n
TMMOB Jeoloji M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131 G\u00fcney Marmara \u015eubesi 25 Eyl\u00fcl 2010 tarihinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131nda Bursa\u2018y\u0131 y\u00f6netenleri Bursa\u2018da olu\u015fabilecek sel ve heyelan olaylar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 uyarm\u0131\u015f, do\u011fal afet kaynakl\u0131 ac\u0131 olaylar\u0131n ya\u015fanabilece\u011fini \u00f6ng\u00f6rerek tedbir almaya davet etmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n
Bilindi\u011fi gibi Bursa Jeolojik yap\u0131s\u0131 gere\u011fi sel ve su ta\u015fk\u0131nlar\u0131na elveri\u015fli bir kenttir. Bursa\u2018n\u0131n g\u00fcney k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan e\u011fimi y\u00fcksek yama\u00e7lar ve \u015fevler jeolojik yap\u0131n\u0131n da etkisiyle alt yap\u0131s\u0131 eksik ve yetersiz olan b\u00f6lgelere beslenme alan\u0131ndan birikime alan\u0131na ak\u0131\u015f g\u00f6steren sular, b\u00fcy\u00fck zararlar verece\u011fini dile getirmemize, ilgilileri tedbir almaya ve haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olmaya \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rmam\u0131za ra\u011fmen kenti ve \u00fclkeyi y\u00f6netenler \u00f6nlem almak yerine;<\/p>\n
\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bir gecede oradan oraya ta\u015f\u0131nan ve herhangi bir bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya dayanmadan “Ta\u015fk\u0131n alanlar\u0131na” yap\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilen Stadyum Projesi (40.000 ki\u015filik kapatisite)<\/p>\n
\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Yine ta\u015fk\u0131n alanlar\u0131na, binlerce insan\u0131n hareket halinde olaca\u011f\u0131 Samanl\u0131 Sa\u011fl\u0131k Kompleksi<\/p>\n
\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Meslek Odalar\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131larak (ki planlar\u0131 istememize ra\u011fmen ve yine ne ac\u0131d\u0131r ki TMMOB\u2018nin plandan anlamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclerek taraf\u0131m\u0131za verilmeyen) Uluda\u011f Planlar\u0131<\/p>\n
\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ta\u015fk\u0131n ve dere yataklar\u0131na Cazibe Merkezi ( kapl\u0131kaya ), spor alanlar\u0131\u00a0 (yak\u0131n \u00e7evre yolu ve botanik park civar\u0131)<\/p>\n
\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 “Yol medeniyettir” diyerek su kanallar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131m\u0131 unutulmu\u015f yollar (yak\u0131n \u00e7evre yolu ) vb.\u00a0 <\/p>\n
\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Yine do\u011fal \u00e7evremize ve tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131m\u0131za b\u00fcy\u00fck zararlar verece\u011fi bilim insanlar\u0131, meslek odalar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u0131srarla dile getirilen, “BESOB” gibi rant projelerinin pe\u015finde ko\u015fmaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n
Ayr\u0131ca afet ya\u015fand\u0131ktan sonra “evlerinizi terk edin, yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n yan\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131n” \u00f6nerisini halk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm diye koyabilmektedirler.
Biz TMMOB olarak; <\/p>\n
Afetlerin kimilerine g\u00f6re “kader”, kimilerine g\u00f6re de “takdir-i ilahi” olmaktan \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in, “insanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n yataklar\u0131nda \u00f6lmemesi” i\u00e7in tekrar ediyoruz;<\/p>\n
\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131m\u0131z, sosyal devletin temel g\u00f6revlerinden biri olan “\u0130nsan yerle\u015fmelerini daha g\u00fcvenli, daha sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve ya\u015fanabilir” k\u0131lmak, “gerekli planlama mekanizmalar\u0131 ve kaynaklar\u0131 sa\u011flayarak do\u011fal afetlerin ve di\u011fer acil durumlar\u0131n insan yerle\u015fimleri \u00fczerindeki etkilerini hafifletmek, afetten etkilenen yerle\u015fimleri gelecekteki afetlerle ilgili riskler\u2018e kar\u015f\u0131 korumak” ilkesi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kentimizi etkileyen do\u011fal afetler risk (deprem, heyelan, sel bask\u0131n\u0131 v.b.) alanlar\u0131 tespit edilmeli, yerel d\u00fczeyde etkili olabilecek afetlere kar\u015f\u0131, afet risk haritalar\u0131 haz\u0131rlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Her t\u00fcr plan \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde; do\u011fal afetlerden sak\u0131n\u0131m planlamas\u0131n\u0131n gereklerine uygun, yukar\u0131da belirtilen risk haritalar\u0131 ile b\u00f6lgesel ve yerel d\u00fczeyde elde edilen jeolojik-jeoteknik veriler, ya\u011f\u0131\u015f, topografik e\u011fim gibi bilgiler de elde edildikten sonra yerle\u015fime uygun alanlar tespit edilmelidir.<\/p>\n
\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kent i\u00e7inde yer alan altyap\u0131 ve \u00fcst yap\u0131 tesislerinin afete neden olmas\u0131n\u0131n engellenmesi amac\u0131yla; a\u00e7\u0131k dere yataklar\u0131 kapat\u0131lmamal\u0131, ak\u0131\u015f ortalamalar\u0131 g\u00f6zetilerek mevcut haliyle kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f dereler i\u00e7in do\u011fal drenaja imk\u00e2n verecek \u015fekilde menfez vb. alt yap\u0131lar g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilerek, gerekli olanlar yeniden in\u015fa edilmelidir<\/p>\n
\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Do\u011fal drenaj alanlar\u0131 ve dere yataklar\u0131 kesinlikle yerle\u015fime kapat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Son ya\u011f\u0131\u015flarda bir kez daha g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi; k\u00f6kl\u00fc yap\u0131la\u015fma kararlar\u0131 olu\u015fturulurken \u00c7ED \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Do\u011fal Afet Etki De\u011ferlendirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yap\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n yap\u0131la\u015fma kararlar\u0131 al\u0131nmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Heyelan, akma, kaya d\u00fc\u015fmesi, devrilme gibi jeolojik tehlike ve riskler ile sel bask\u0131n\u0131 gibi meteorolojik olaylar\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu alanlar ile y\u00fcksek e\u011fimli alanlar yap\u0131la\u015fmaya kapat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bitki dokusunu bozan ve tahrip eden uygulamalardan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Su kaynaklar\u0131 ile orman, mera ve benzer ekosistemlerin ortak paydas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan toprak korunmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Su havzalar\u0131na yanl\u0131\u015f d\u00f6k\u00fclen toprak ve kat\u0131 at\u0131klar nedeniyle olu\u015fan g\u00f6lc\u00fckler, sel \/ ta\u015fk\u0131n riskini art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, derelerin su toplama havzalar\u0131na moloz \/ \u00e7\u00f6p d\u00f6k\u00fclmesi kesinlikle \u00f6nlenmelidir.<\/p>\n
\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 K\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi sa\u011fanak karakterli ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n artma ihtimalini ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kentlerde yukar\u0131 ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 su havzalar\u0131ndaki \u00e7arp\u0131k yap\u0131la\u015fma sonucunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bina yo\u011funlu\u011funun, bu sa\u011fanak ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n daha s\u0131k ve daha b\u00fcy\u00fck ta\u015fk\u0131nlar meydana getirmesine yol a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131narak dere yata\u011f\u0131 kesitlerinin en az 100 y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f aral\u0131kl\u0131 ya\u011f\u0131\u015flara g\u00f6re planlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u015eehir i\u00e7inde kalan derelerin ta\u015fk\u0131n hesaplamas\u0131 ve haritalamas\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131larak ta\u015fk\u0131n alanlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde konut yap\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n engellenmeli ve bu derelerin \u0131slah \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 her y\u0131l yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bursa\u2018n\u0131n g\u00fcney yama\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n topografik yap\u0131s\u0131 incelenmeli, Uluda\u011f\u2018dan gelecek sel sular\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc kapsayacak \u015fekilde “ku\u015faklama kolekt\u00f6r sistemi” olu\u015fturulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yap\u0131m\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen G\u00fcney \u00c7evre Yolu tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B\u00fcy\u00fck kollekt\u00f6rlerle kent merkezindeki ya\u011fmur sular\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck derelere ba\u011flayan sistemler \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r duruma getirilmelidir.(Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, Samanl\u0131, Vak\u0131fk\u00f6y civar\u0131ndaki kolekt\u00f6rler gibi)<\/p>\n
\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kentlerde asfalt, beton gibi ge\u00e7irimsiz y\u00fczeylerin fazlal\u0131\u011f\u0131 da y\u00fczey ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ve sel riskini artt\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle ge\u00e7irimsiz y\u00fczey miktar\u0131n\u0131 azal\u0131c\u0131 uygulamalara a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k verilmelidir.<\/p>\n
Kentin ya\u011fmursuyu y\u00f6netim plan\u0131 olu\u015fturulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Altyap\u0131 planlamas\u0131 ile entegre edilmi\u015f tasar\u0131m rehberleri haz\u0131rlanmal\u0131 ve bu rehberlerde kald\u0131r\u0131m, sokak, ya\u011fmur kanal\u0131 ve peyzaj\u0131n, ya\u011fmur sular\u0131n\u0131n kanallara en az seviyede akaca\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6nde tasarlanmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde yeni ve yarat\u0131c\u0131 fikirlerin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.\u00a0 \u00d6zellikle dere kenarlar\u0131 ile ilgili rehberlerin haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 ivedilik ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.
Ye\u015fil alanlar\u0131n bir s\u00fcs veya dekor olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fanan k\u00f6t\u00fc deneyimden de anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinden hareketle parsel \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011findeki ye\u015fil alan uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n zorunlu ve ilgili detaylarla tan\u0131ml\u0131 hale getirilmesi gerekmektedir.
\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Risk azaltma \u00f6nlemlerinin, \u2018s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik\u2018 ilkesi g\u00f6zetilerek her \u00f6l\u00e7ekteki planlama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na entegre edilmesi; kentsel risklere \u00f6nem verilmesi; risk azaltma kararlar\u0131n\u0131n, yaln\u0131zca y\u00f6netimler taraf\u0131ndan de\u011fil, risklere maruz toplum kesimleriyle birlikte al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve bu ama\u00e7la \u2018platformlar\u2018 olu\u015fturulmas\u0131; dar gelirli kesimlerin risklerine \u00f6ncelik verilmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n
Plans\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve denetimsizli\u011fin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 her ya\u011fmurda, lodosta, yang\u0131nda ya\u015fanan ac\u0131 deneyimlerden ders \u00e7\u0131karmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ve olu\u015fabilecek yeni afetlere yeterince haz\u0131r olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Biz TMMOB olarak; do\u011fal afetlerden, yang\u0131nlardan, depremlerden, sellerden, heyelanlardan \u00f6nce ve sonra yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z uyar\u0131lar\u0131n ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerilerinin hi\u00e7 dikkate al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 maalesef g\u00f6r\u00fcyor, \u00fclkeyi ve kenti y\u00f6netenleri bilimin ve bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan eksiklikleri ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerilerini dikkate almaya, “afet sonras\u0131 yard\u0131m ve yara sarma” politikalar\u0131n\u0131 terk edip, “diren\u00e7li kentler” slogan\u0131ndan hareketle afetler \u00f6ncesinde riskleri azaltmak amac\u0131yla \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc planlamalar yapmaya ve bu ama\u00e7la kurumsal yap\u0131lar olu\u015fturmaya, yap\u0131lan planlar\u0131 uygulamaya, merkezi\u00a0 ve yerel b\u00fct\u00e7eden pay ay\u0131rmaya,\u00a0 \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc \u00f6nlemler almaya davet ediyor, en \u00f6nemlisi de TMMOB gibi meslek odalar\u0131n\u0131n, kentte uygulanmas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen\u00a0 projelerin “karar s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine” dahil edlimesini talep ediyoruz.<\/p>\n
Kamuoyuna sayg\u0131 ile duyurulur.<\/p>\n
Fikri D\u00dc\u015e\u00dcNCEL\u0130
TMMOB
Bursa \u0130l Koordinasyon Kurulu Sekreteri
<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Kentimizin ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz g\u00fcnlerde do\u011fal olmayan afetlere (yang\u0131n gibi tedbir al\u0131narak bertaraf edilebilinecek) haz\u0131r olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131, peki do\u011fal afetlere haz\u0131r m\u0131? Son ya\u011f\u0131\u015flarla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan manzara g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir ki Bursa do\u011fal afetlere de haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 de\u011fil!\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2010],"tags":[938,937],"class_list":{"0":"post-2497","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-basin-aciklamalari","8":"tag-bursa-sel-felaketi","9":"tag-tmmob-bursa-ikk"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2497","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2497"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2497\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2497"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2497"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2497"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}