{"id":26546,"date":"2017-08-25T11:48:24","date_gmt":"2017-08-25T08:48:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/\/?p=26546"},"modified":"2019-01-29T14:44:01","modified_gmt":"2019-01-29T11:44:01","slug":"basimizdaki-akil-deprem-guvenli-kentler-kurabilir-mi-ersin-kiris","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/basimizdaki-akil-deprem-guvenli-kentler-kurabilir-mi-ersin-kiris\/","title":{"rendered":"\u2018Ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131zdaki\u2019 ak\u0131l deprem g\u00fcvenli kentler kurabilir mi? &#8211; Ersin Kiri\u015f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Bir 17 A\u011fustos daha deprem ger\u00e7e\u011finin yama\u00e7lar\u0131nda dola\u015farak ge\u00e7ti. Kocaeli G\u00f6lc\u00fck merkezli 99\u2019 Marmara Depremi\u2019nin ard\u0131ndan 18 y\u0131l geride kald\u0131. Ya\u015fanan ac\u0131lara, yok olan yap\u0131lara, \u00fclke topraklar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 92\u2019si hala deprem tehdidinde olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen g\u00fcvenli kentler ad\u0131na hen\u00fcz bir ad\u0131m at\u0131lmad\u0131. Bunca \u015fantiyeden depreme dayan\u0131kl\u0131 bir kent \u00e7\u0131kar m\u0131? Sorunun cevab\u0131 \u00c7evre ve \u015eehircilik Bakan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n deprem g\u00fcndemi hakk\u0131ndaki a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131nda var: \u2018Yerin alt\u0131 \u00e7ok oynak, bir \u015fey yapam\u0131yoruz\u2019<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin deprem tarihi \u00e7ok eskilere dayansa da bu d\u00f6nemin toplumsal haf\u0131zas\u0131nda deprem, 17 A\u011fustos 99 depremiyle \u015fekilleniyor. Deprem b\u00f6lgesindeki yap\u0131lar\u0131n y\u00fczde 25\u2019inin hasar g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, 20 bine yak\u0131n insan\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi\u011fi Marmara Depremi kentlerin deprem g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 en ac\u0131 \u015fekilde ortaya koydu. Depremin ard\u0131ndan \u015fu geli\u015fmeler ya\u015fand\u0131:<\/p>\n<p>1) Deprem y\u00f6netmelikleri \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. <\/p>\n<p>2) 2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda Do\u011fal Afet Sigortalar\u0131 Kurumu kuruldu ve zorunlu deprem sigortas\u0131 uygulamas\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131<\/p>\n<p>3) Kentlerde deprem toplanma alanlar\u0131, acil ula\u015f\u0131m yollar\u0131 belirlendi. <\/p>\n<p>4) 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda Yap\u0131 Denetimi Kanunu \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>5) 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda 6306 say\u0131l\u0131 Afet Riski Alt\u0131ndaki Alanlar\u0131n D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi\u00a0Afet Kanunu \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131<\/p>\n<p>Yasalar \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131, y\u00f6netmelikler haz\u0131rland\u0131 ancak niyet halk\u0131n ya\u015fam g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamak olmay\u0131nca, deprem, in\u015faat sermayesine ara\u00e7 haline getirildi. Deprem i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan tasarruf iktidara kaynak oldu.<\/p>\n<p>1) 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda Van Depremi sonras\u0131nda Maliye Bakan\u0131 Mehmet \u015eim\u015fek, deprem sigortalar\u0131nda biriken varl\u0131klar\u0131n \u2018duble yollara\u2019 harcand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>2) Yap\u0131 \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecini d\u00fczenleyecek dedikleri Yap\u0131 Denetim Kanunu, m\u00fcteahhitin kendi paras\u0131yla kendisini denetlemesi i\u00e7in \u015firket tuttu\u011fu bir sistem yaratt\u0131. <\/p>\n<p>3) Depreme dayan\u0131ks\u0131z yap\u0131lar\u0131n d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc ise kamusal de\u011fil, in\u015faat sermayesinin ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olarak zemin yap\u0131s\u0131 sa\u011flam olsa dahi emlak de\u011feri y\u00fcksek alanlar\u0131n riskli alan ilan edilmesi \u015feklinde geli\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p>4) Afet toplanma alanlar\u0131 ve acil ula\u015f\u0131m yollar\u0131 ise sizlere \u00f6m\u00fcr. AFAD\u2019\u0131n 2017 raporunda \u0130stanbul\u2019daki afet toplanma alan\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131 77. Bu say\u0131 99 Depreminin hemen ard\u0131ndan 480 idi. Ne mi oldu, tabi ki AVM, rezidans ve t\u00fcrl\u00fc ticaret-konut yap\u0131lar\u0131. 77 toplanma alan\u0131n\u0131n nereler oldu\u011fu da bir s\u0131r. AFAD konuyla ilgili sorulara cevap vermekten ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131yor. \u0130stanbul \u00dcnalan\u2019daki park ve spor tesislerden olu\u015fan afet toplanma alan\u0131n\u0131n Bilal Erdo\u011fan\u2019\u0131n vakf\u0131 T\u00dcRGEV\u2019e devredilmesi de en yeni gasplardan bir tanesi.<br \/>\n<a href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/deprem.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"756\" height=\"389\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/deprem.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-26547\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Depremden 18 y\u0131l sonra \u00fclkeyi y\u00f6netenlerden ibretlik a\u00e7\u0131klamalar<\/strong><br \/>\n\u00dclkeyi y\u00f6netenlerin bu y\u0131lki 17 A\u011fustos g\u00fcndemi ile ilgili konu\u015fmalar\u0131 ise ibretlik. Kocaeli&#8217;deki Deprem \u00c7al\u0131\u015ftay\u0131\u2019nda a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda bulunan\u00a0Ba\u015fbakan Binali Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, &#8220;Altyap\u0131, \u00fcst yap\u0131 tedbirlerini alarak deprem ger\u00e7e\u011fiyle ya\u015famay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek mecburiyetindeyiz.&#8221; dedi. Bu a\u00e7\u0131klamay\u0131 15 y\u0131ld\u0131r tek ba\u015f\u0131na iktidarda bir partinin g\u00f6revlendirilmi\u015f Ba\u015fbakan\u2019\u0131 olarak yapt\u0131.  <\/p>\n<p>\u00c7evre ve \u015eehircilik Bakan\u0131 Mehmet \u00d6zhaseki ise deprem hakk\u0131nda \u201cYani bu \u00fclkenin alt\u0131 oynak. \u00dcst\u00fcndeki oynakl\u0131klar oldu\u011fu gibi. \u00dcst\u00fcndeki oynakl\u0131klara g\u00fcc\u00fcm\u00fcz yetiyor\u2019 dedi. \u00d6zhaseki, \u0130stanbul&#8217;u b\u00fcy\u00fck depremle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011funu ve korktu\u011funu belirtti, &#8220;15 y\u0131lda \u015fehrin yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yenileme imkan\u0131na sahibiz&#8221; ifadelerini kulland\u0131. Haseki, \u2018sene de 500 bin binay\u0131, 15 sene de 7,5 milyon binay\u0131 yenileyece\u011fiz\u2019 diyerek in\u015faat sermayesine g\u00f6z k\u0131rpt\u0131, deprem g\u00fcvenli kent in\u015fas\u0131n\u0131 15 y\u0131ll\u0131k iktidarlar\u0131 boyunca neden yapmad\u0131klar\u0131na de\u011finmedi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>G\u00fcvenli kent plan\u0131 yap\u0131lmayacak, in\u015faat sermayesi sevinecek<\/strong><br \/>\nAFAD koordinasyonunda depremle ilgili tavsiye kararlar\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Deprem Dan\u0131\u015fma Kurulu\u2019nun 2017 y\u0131l\u0131 ikinci toplant\u0131s\u0131 da 17 A\u011fustos \u00f6ncesi yap\u0131ld\u0131. Ba\u015fbakan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Recep Akda\u011f\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fkanl\u0131k etti\u011fi toplant\u0131dan \u2018\u00c7evre ve \u015eehircilik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 koordinesinde belediyelerin ve ilgili payda\u015flar\u0131n da kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ile \u00f6zellikle en riskli alanlardan ba\u015flayarak kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm faaliyetlerinin h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na, bunun i\u00e7in ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan mevzuat de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine ve yeni politikalar\u0131n belirlenmesi\u2019 karar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Karar\u0131n sahipleri ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00fclkedeki deprem esnas\u0131nda suya g\u00f6m\u00fclecek olan t\u00fcm k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131 dolguya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcyor, k\u0131y\u0131 \u00e7izgisinde hukuksuz imar ayr\u0131cal\u0131klar\u0131 yarat\u0131yor. \u0130stanbul Atak\u00f6y, Kartal, Pendik, Zeytinburnu sahili bunun en iyi \u00f6rne\u011fi. Ama karar\u0131n ciddiye al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken k\u0131sm\u0131 ise \u2018d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm faaliyetlerinin h\u0131zlanmas\u0131\u2019 ifadesi. Yeni d\u00fczenleme itiraz hakk\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, zemini veya yap\u0131s\u0131 g\u00fcvenli olsa dahi emlak de\u011feri y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in in\u015faat sermayesine pazarlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in riskli ilan edilmi\u015f alanlar i\u00e7in halk\u0131n s\u00f6z hakk\u0131 kalmayacak. <\/p>\n<p><strong>Bu ak\u0131l deprem g\u00fcvenli kent kuramaz<\/strong><br \/>\nBilimsel bir ger\u00e7ek var ki 99 Depremi ne ilk, ne de son deprem olacak. Kentlerin mevcut hali d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde olas\u0131 bir deprem bir\u00e7ok kentte ciddi y\u0131k\u0131mlara\/can kay\u0131plar\u0131na neden olacak. Depremi afet haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrecek olan \u015fey ise g\u00fcvenli kentler in\u015fa etmek yerine depremden f\u0131rsat yaratan, acil durum planlar\u0131n\u0131 yok sayan anlay\u0131\u015f olacak. <\/p>\n<p>Deprem her y\u0131l 17 A\u011fustos ile hat\u0131rlanan bir g\u00fcndem olarak kalamaz. Bu nedenle deprem g\u00fcvenli kentler ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 biz m\u00fchendislerin, mimarlar\u0131n, planc\u0131lar\u0131n da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kent m\u00fccadelesinin \u00f6nemli g\u00f6revlerinden biri olarak duruyor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ersin Kiri\u015f \/ \u0130n\u015faat M\u00fchendisi<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Bir 17 A\u011fustos daha deprem ger\u00e7e\u011finin yama\u00e7lar\u0131nda dola\u015farak ge\u00e7ti. Kocaeli G\u00f6lc\u00fck merkezli&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4723,1991],"tags":[1579,1046,3221,1448],"class_list":{"0":"post-26546","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-kent-ve-doga-yazilar","8":"category-yazilar","9":"tag-17-agustos","10":"tag-deprem","11":"tag-deprem-guvenligi","12":"tag-marmara-depremi"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26546","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26546"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26546\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26546"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26546"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26546"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}