{"id":27287,"date":"2017-11-13T18:40:39","date_gmt":"2017-11-13T15:40:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/\/?p=27287"},"modified":"2019-01-28T20:40:13","modified_gmt":"2019-01-28T17:40:13","slug":"kursiyer-ve-bursiyerli-istihdam-mucizesi-aziz-celik-birgun","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/kursiyer-ve-bursiyerli-istihdam-mucizesi-aziz-celik-birgun\/","title":{"rendered":"Kursiyer ve bursiyerli istihdam mucizesi \u2013 Aziz \u00c7elik (BirG\u00fcn)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00dccretleri ve primleri \u0130\u015fsizlik Fonu\u2019ndan \u00f6denen ve i\u015f hukukunun i\u015f\u00e7i olarak kabul etmedi\u011fi stajyer, kursiyer ve bursiyer say\u0131s\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f, ger\u00e7ek istihdam art\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirilemez. \u2018\u0130stihdam seferberli\u011fi\u2019 kapsam\u0131nda ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddia edilen art\u0131\u015f, e\u011freti ve hormonludur
\n\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u2018\u0130stihdam seferberli\u011fi\u2019 tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 g\u00fcndemdeki yerini koruyor. Konu 1 Kas\u0131m 2017 tarihinde toplanan \u0130\u015eKUR 9. Genel Kurulu\u2019na da damgas\u0131n\u0131 vurdu. D\u0130SK Genel Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Kani Beko, Genel Kurul\u2019da yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmada istihdam art\u0131\u015f\u0131nda as\u0131l pay\u0131n stajyer, kursiyer ve bursiyerlerden kaynaklad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyince, \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Bakan\u0131 J\u00fclide Sar\u0131ero\u011flu bu verilerin yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu iddia etti. Kursiyer, bursiyer ve stajyer art\u0131\u015f\u0131na daha \u00f6nceki yaz\u0131lar\u0131mda dikkat \u00e7ekmi\u015ftim. Bu tart\u0131\u015fma vesilesiyle konuyu bir kez daha ele almak istiyorum.<\/p>\n

Sigortal\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131s\u0131 art\u0131yor mu?<\/strong>
\nKay\u0131tl\u0131 istihdam art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n en sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 izlenebilece\u011fi yer, Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Kurumu\u2019nun (SGK) sigortal\u0131 istatistikleridir. Bu veriler kay\u0131tlara dayal\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in kesin niteliklidir. \u0130stihdam art\u0131\u015f\u0131na ili\u015fkin spek\u00fclasyonlar\u0131 gidermenin en sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 yolu SGK verilerine bakmakt\u0131r. SGK\u2019n\u0131n sigortal\u0131 say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, istihdam art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n arka plan\u0131 daha net ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmakta ve hangi alanda istihdam art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

Temmuz 2016-2017 d\u00f6nemi SGK kapsam\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm sigortal\u0131 say\u0131lar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Temmuz 2016\u2019da 20 milyon 451 bin olan toplam sigortal\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Temmuz 2017\u2019de 21 milyon 895 bine y\u00fckseldi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Sigortal\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131ndaki toplam art\u0131\u015f 1 milyon 444 bindir. Ancak bu art\u0131\u015f\u0131n hangi istihdam t\u00fcr\u00fcnden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir.
\n\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Temmuz 2016-Temmuz 2017 d\u00f6neminde kamu g\u00f6revlisi (4\/c) say\u0131s\u0131 96 bin azal\u0131rken, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n (4\/b) say\u0131s\u0131 126 bin artt\u0131. Bir di\u011fer ifadeyle sigortal\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f\u0131n ezici k\u0131sm\u0131 4\/a kapsam\u0131ndaki sigortal\u0131 art\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan kaynakl\u0131d\u0131r. 4\/a kapsam\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f\u0131n toplam olarak 1 milyon 412 bin oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir (Tablo). As\u0131l \u00f6nemli olan buras\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak bu art\u0131\u015f\u0131n bile\u015fimi \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.SGK istatistiklerinde 4\/a kapsam\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar \u00e7e\u015fitli alt kategorilere ayr\u0131l\u0131yor. Bunlardan en \u00f6nemlisi zorunlu sigortal\u0131lard\u0131r. Zorunlu sigortal\u0131lar bir ya da birden fazla i\u015fveren taraf\u0131ndan i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lanlar olup i\u015f hukuku bak\u0131m\u0131ndan i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131lanlard\u0131r. Sigortal\u0131 istihdam\u0131n can al\u0131c\u0131 kategorisi buras\u0131d\u0131r. 4\/a kapsam\u0131ndaki di\u011fer kategoriler yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131 topluluk sigortal\u0131s\u0131, tar\u0131m sigortal\u0131s\u0131, k\u0131smi s\u00fcreli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar, \u00e7\u0131raklar, stajyerler ve kursiyerlerdir. Yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131 topluluk ve tar\u0131m sigortal\u0131s\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131 son derece s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir kapsama sahiptir. K\u0131smi s\u00fcreli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131nda ise son y\u0131llarda \u00f6nemli bir de\u011fi\u015fim g\u00f6zlenmiyor. Bu nedenle 4\/a kapsam\u0131nda bak\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken as\u0131l nokta zorunlu sigortas\u0131 (i\u015f\u00e7i) say\u0131s\u0131 ile \u00e7\u0131rak, stajyer, kursiyer ve bursiyer say\u0131s\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fimdir.<\/p>\n

2016\u2019n\u0131n temmuz ay\u0131nda 14 milyon 67 bin olan zorunlu sigortal\u0131 (i\u015f\u00e7i) say\u0131s\u0131, 2017\u2019nin temmuz ay\u0131nda 14 milyon 195 bine y\u00fckselmi\u015ftir. Son bir y\u0131ldaki art\u0131\u015f sadece 128 bindir. Sigortal\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f\u0131n as\u0131l nedeni stajyer, kursiyer ve bursiyer say\u0131s\u0131ndaki patlamad\u0131r. 2016\u2019n\u0131n temmuz ay\u0131nda 150 bin olan \u00e7\u0131rak ve stajyer say\u0131s\u0131, 2017\u2019nin temmuz ay\u0131nda kursiyer ve bursiyerlerin de eklenmesiyle 1 milyon 430 bine y\u00fckseldi.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylece 2016-2017 d\u00f6neminde ya\u015fanan 1 milyon 412 bin ki\u015filik sigortal\u0131 art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n 1 milyon 279 bini \u00e7\u0131rak, stajyer, kursiyer ve bursiyer art\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan kaynakl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7\u0131rak, stajyer, kursiyer ve bursiyerler i\u015f hukuku kapsam\u0131nda i\u015f\u00e7i de\u011fildir. Bu durumda zorunlu sigortal\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131s\u0131nda Temmuz 2016-2017 d\u00f6neminde sadece 128 bin ki\u015filik art\u0131\u015f ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Stajyer, kursiyer ve bursiyer say\u0131s\u0131 neden patlad\u0131?<\/strong>
\n5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Sosyal Sigortalar ve Genel Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sigortas\u0131 Kanunu\u2019nun 4\/a bendi hizmet (i\u015f) s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 kapsam\u0131na almaktad\u0131r. 4\/a kapsam\u0131ndakiler, devlet memurlar\u0131 ve kendi hesab\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ve benzeri \u015fekilde ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 ve \u00fccretli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlard\u0131r. Sigortal\u0131 istihdam\u0131n en geni\u015f temelini bu kategori olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. SGK\u2019n\u0131n 4\/a kapsam\u0131nda sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131 stajyer, kursiyer ve bursiyerler i\u015f hukuku a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan i\u015f\u00e7i olarak say\u0131lmamakta, i\u015fi teorik\/pratik anlamda \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in i\u015fverenin yan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan kimse olarak tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Stajyer, kursiyer ve bursiyerlerle ilgili 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yap\u0131ld\u0131. 16 \u015eubat 2016 tarihinde ve 6676 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun ile stajyer ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n kapsam\u0131 geni\u015fletildi. \u201cStaja tabi tutulan \u00f6\u011frenciler\u201d yan\u0131nda \u201ckamu kurum ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan desteklenen projelerde g\u00f6revli bursiyerler\u201d de kapsama al\u0131nd\u0131. Bu kategoride \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 yasan\u0131n 4\/a maddesi kapsam\u0131nda i\u015f kazas\u0131 ve meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 kapsam\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131 ve genel sa\u011fl\u0131k sigortal\u0131s\u0131 say\u0131ld\u0131. B\u00f6ylece \u0130\u015eKUR projeleri kapsam\u0131nda cep har\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile \u0130\u015f Kanunu kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan y\u00fcz binler sigortal\u0131 say\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

2 Aral\u0131k 2016 tarihli ve 6764 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun ile mesleki e\u011fitim kapsam\u0131nda, 10 ve daha fazla say\u0131da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 bulunan i\u015fletmelerde, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde be\u015finden az olmamak \u00fczere mesleki ve teknik e\u011fitim okul ve kurum \u00f6\u011frencilerine staj yapt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunlu hale getirildi. Aday \u00e7\u0131rak ve \u00e7\u0131raklarla birlikte stajyerlerin de \u00fccretleri (asgari \u00fccretin y\u00fczde 30\u2019u) \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonu\u2019ndan \u201cdevlet katk\u0131s\u0131\u201d ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u00f6denmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca yine \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonu\u2019ndan finanse edilen Toplum Yarar\u0131na \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Programlar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar da 4\/a kapsam\u0131nda sigortal\u0131 kabul ediliyor.<\/p>\n

Nitekim 2017 Ocak-Eyl\u00fcl d\u00f6neminde \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonu\u2019nun 19,5 Milyar TL gelirinin y\u00fczde 34\u2019den fazlas\u0131 (6,7 Milyar TL) stajyer, kursiyer ve bursiyerler i\u00e7in sa\u011flanan te\u015fvikler kapsam\u0131nda harcand\u0131. \u0130\u015fsizlere yap\u0131lan \u00f6deme ise 3,2 milyar TL d\u00fczeyinde kald\u0131. Bu yasal de\u011fi\u015fiklikler ve te\u015fvikler stajyer, kursiyer ve bursiyer say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda ciddi bi\u00e7imde art\u0131rd\u0131. \u00dccretleri ve primleri \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonu\u2019ndan \u00f6denen ve i\u015f hukukunun i\u015f\u00e7i olarak kabul etmedi\u011fi stajyer, kursiyer ve bursiyer say\u0131s\u0131nda ya\u015fanan art\u0131\u015f, ger\u00e7ek istihdam art\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirilemez. \u0130stihdam seferberli\u011fi kapsam\u0131nda iddia edilen art\u0131\u015f, e\u011freti ve hormonludur. Dahas\u0131 \u0130\u015eKUR taraf\u0131ndan finanse edilen ucuz i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc deposu anlam\u0131na gelmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u015einasi Yeldan\u2019\u0131 kaybettik<\/strong>
\n\u0130\u015f hukukunu i\u015f\u00e7inin hukuku olarak belleyen hukuk\u00e7ular\u0131n duayeni, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n emektar hukuk\u00e7usu, D\u0130SK avukatlar\u0131ndan ve T\u0130P y\u00f6neticilerinden \u015einasi Yeldan\u2019\u0131 (1930-) kaybettik. B\u00f6ylece birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce k\u0131z\u0131 Selen\u2019i 16 ya\u015f\u0131nda kaybeden Erin\u00e7 Yeldan Hoca babas\u0131n\u0131n da kayb\u0131yla iki b\u00fcy\u00fck ac\u0131y\u0131 \u00fcst \u00fcste ya\u015fad\u0131. \u015einasi a\u011fabeyin an\u0131s\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcnde sayg\u0131yla e\u011filirken, Erin\u00e7 Hoca\u2019ya ba\u015fsa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve sab\u0131r diliyorum.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u00dccretleri ve primleri \u0130\u015fsizlik Fonu\u2019ndan \u00f6denen ve i\u015f hukukunun i\u015f\u00e7i olarak kabul…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4689],"tags":[958,206],"class_list":{"0":"post-27287","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-secki","8":"tag-guvencesizlik","9":"tag-issizlik"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27287","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27287"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27287\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27287"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27287"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27287"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}