{"id":29784,"date":"2018-08-25T13:58:50","date_gmt":"2018-08-25T10:58:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/\/?p=29784"},"modified":"2019-01-28T20:40:01","modified_gmt":"2019-01-28T17:40:01","slug":"gidalardaki-pestisitten-nasil-kurtulacagiz-bulent-sik-cumhuriyet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/gidalardaki-pestisitten-nasil-kurtulacagiz-bulent-sik-cumhuriyet\/","title":{"rendered":"G\u0131dalardaki pestisitten nas\u0131l kurtulaca\u011f\u0131z? &#8211; B\u00fclent \u015e\u0131k (Cumhuriyet)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Tar\u0131msal \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin \u00fcretiminde b\u00f6cekleri, otlar\u0131, ku\u015flar\u0131 ve di\u011fer \u00e7e\u015fitli canl\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan zehirli etkilere sahip kimyasal madde olan pestisitten kurtulmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/b_sk_gida.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"360\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/b_sk_gida.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-29785\" \/><\/a>Pestisitler tar\u0131msal \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin \u00fcretiminde b\u00f6cekleri, otlar\u0131, ku\u015flar\u0131 ve di\u011fer \u00e7e\u015fitli canl\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan zehirli etkilere sahip kimyasal maddelerdir. 1950\u2019li y\u0131llardan bu yana kullan\u0131l\u0131yorlar ve say\u0131lar\u0131 da bini a\u015fmakta.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sebze ve meyveleri sirkeli suyla y\u0131kamay\u0131n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Tar\u0131msal \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde kullan\u0131lan pestisitlerin g\u0131dalarda b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kal\u0131nt\u0131lar ve do\u011fal hayatta yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 kimyasal kirlenme, y\u0131llardan beri s\u00fcregelen ciddi bir tart\u0131\u015fma konusu. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc ge\u00e7en y\u0131l bir rapor yay\u0131mlayarak pestisit kullanman\u0131n istenilen fayday\u0131 sa\u011flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kimyasal kirlilik sorununa yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, hem \u015fimdiki hem de gelecek ku\u015faklar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve yeterli g\u0131da edinme hakk\u0131na zarar verdi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ancak bu a\u00e7\u0131klama yap\u0131ld\u0131 diye pestisit kullan\u0131m\u0131 sona ermeyecek. Aksine, azalmak \u015f\u00f6yle dursun kullan\u0131m miktar\u0131 y\u0131ldan y\u0131la s\u00fcrekli art\u0131yor. G\u0131dalardaki pestisit kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in bireysel olarak yap\u0131labilecek \u015feyler var, ancak bu konunun \u00f6ncelikle kamu kurumlar\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen bir sorumluluk oldu\u011fu belirtilmeli. \u00dclkemizde Tar\u0131m Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u0131dalardaki, Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ise sulardaki pestisit kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek ve gereken \u00f6nlemleri almakla sorumlu kurumlar.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0130deali organik tar\u0131m<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pestisit kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 d\u00fczenli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla izlenmedi\u011fi; ekolojik tar\u0131m, biyolojik ve entegre m\u00fccadele, toprak sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n iyile\u015ftirilmesi, \u00fcretim deseninin iklim ve \u00e7evre ko\u015fullar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak yap\u0131lmas\u0131, pestisit kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n dikkatle takip edilmesi gibi \u00f6nlemler al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece g\u0131dalardaki pestisit kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak olanakl\u0131 olmayacakt\u0131r. Elbette ideal olan organik tar\u0131m yapmakt\u0131r. Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u00fcyesi \u00fclkelerde yap\u0131lan kontrol \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan elde edilen sonu\u00e7lar, g\u0131da \u00fcr\u00fcnlerindeki pestisit kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda azalt\u0131labilece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin birlik \u00fcyesi \u00fclkelerde yasal mevzuata ayk\u0131r\u0131 pestisit kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7eren g\u0131da \u00f6rneklerinin oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 2-3 civar\u0131nda. \u00dclkemizde ise bu oran en az birka\u00e7 kat\u0131; baz\u0131 g\u0131da \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde ise 10 kat\u0131na kadar \u00e7\u0131kabiliyor. Arada bu kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck bir fark olmas\u0131n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli nedenleri, tar\u0131msal \u00fcretime verilen kamu desteklerinin yetersizli\u011fi ve tar\u0131mda kimyasal kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edecek etkili bir sistemin kurulamamas\u0131. B\u00f6yle bir sistem kurmak i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir analitik altyap\u0131 ve \u00e7ok say\u0131da kamu personeli gerekiyor; oysa gidi\u015fat tam aksi y\u00f6nde. \u00dclkemizdeki kamu kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n \u015feffafl\u0131k ve hesap verilebilirlik noktas\u0131ndan \u00e7ok uzak olmas\u0131 da sorunu b\u00fcy\u00fcten bir ba\u015fka etken.<\/p>\n<p><strong>S\u0131cak suyla y\u0131kay\u0131n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pestisit kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in bireysel olarak yap\u0131lacak \u015feyler de var. Besin maddelerini d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan temin eden t\u00fcketiciler bir araya gelerek ekolojik ya da organik tar\u0131m yapan \u00e7ift\u00e7ileri destekleyecek g\u0131da topluluklar\u0131 ya da t\u00fcketici kooperatifleri olu\u015fturabilir. Mevsim d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fcretilen g\u0131dalar\u0131 sat\u0131n almaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nmak gerekiyor. G\u0131da maddelerinin elde edildi\u011fi bitkiler canl\u0131 organizmalar ve her canl\u0131 gibi onlar\u0131n da g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131, nem ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k gibi fakt\u00f6rler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan belirli talepleri var. Mevsim d\u0131\u015f\u0131 yeti\u015ftirilen bitkiler al\u0131\u015f\u0131k olmad\u0131klar\u0131 ko\u015fullara tabi tutulduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in hastal\u0131klara daha a\u00e7\u0131k hale geliyorlar ve bu da pestisit kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131yor. Mevsiminde yeti\u015ftirilen g\u0131dalarda genel olarak pestisit kullan\u0131m\u0131 daha azd\u0131r. Meyve sebzeleri yeme \u00f6ncesinde akan su alt\u0131nda iyice y\u0131kamak y\u00fczeylerinde bulunan pestisitlerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Ancak bu ama\u00e7la deterjan, sabun ya da ba\u015fka bir madde kullan\u0131lmamal\u0131. Kimyasal maddelerin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u0131cakl\u0131kla artar ve e\u011fer m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse biraz s\u0131cak su y\u00fczeydeki pestisitleri uzakla\u015ft\u0131rmada so\u011fuk sudan daha etkili. G\u0131dalar\u0131n kabu\u011funu soymak da y\u00fczeydeki pestisitleri uzakla\u015ft\u0131racakt\u0131r. Besin \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fini art\u0131rmak pestisit maruziyetini azaltacak bir di\u011fer \u00f6nlemdir. G\u0131dalardaki toksik kimyasal kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak kamusal \u00f6nlemlerle sa\u011flanabilir ve bu konuda olu\u015fturulan politikalara m\u00fcdahil olman\u0131n yollar\u0131n\u0131 bulmak da \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Tar\u0131msal \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin \u00fcretiminde b\u00f6cekleri, otlar\u0131, ku\u015flar\u0131 ve di\u011fer \u00e7e\u015fitli canl\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4689],"tags":[1622,1221,4197],"class_list":{"0":"post-29784","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-secki","8":"tag-gida","9":"tag-gida-guvenligi","10":"tag-pestisit"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29784","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29784"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29784\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29784"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29784"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29784"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}