{"id":30026,"date":"2018-11-10T13:31:56","date_gmt":"2018-11-10T10:31:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/\/?p=30026"},"modified":"2019-01-28T20:40:00","modified_gmt":"2019-01-28T17:40:00","slug":"iscilerden-formalite-diye-alinan-imzalar-formalite-degildir-murat-ozveri-evrensel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/iscilerden-formalite-diye-alinan-imzalar-formalite-degildir-murat-ozveri-evrensel\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerden formalite diye al\u0131nan imzalar formalite de\u011fildir – Murat \u00d6zveri (Evrensel)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in hak kayb\u0131na u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belgeleri \u201cneden imzalad\u0131n\u201d sorusuna s\u0131k\u00e7a verdikleri iki yan\u0131t var. Birincisi; \u201ci\u015fe girerken, \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, \u00f6nemli de\u011fil, formalite dediler, imzalad\u0131m\u201d, ikincisi ise imzalamasam i\u015ften at\u0131lacakt\u0131m, i\u015fe ba\u015flat\u0131lmayacakt\u0131m imzalad\u0131m.\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk Dil Kurumu (TDK) s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne g\u00f6re formalitenin iki anlam\u0131 var. Birincisi\u201cYerine getirilmesi kanunca zorunlu k\u0131l\u0131nan i\u015flem.\u201d TDK formalite s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ikinci anlam\u0131 i\u00e7in ise \u201cpek \u00f6nem verilmedi\u011fi halde bir gerekirli\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak yerine getirilen bi\u00e7imsel davran\u0131\u015f\u201d demi\u015f.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerde formalite dediler imzalad\u0131k diyorlar ancak i\u015fverenle i\u015f ili\u015fkileri bitti\u011finde \u00f6nem vermeden, formalite diye imzalad\u0131klar\u0131 belgeler \u201cyerine getirilmesi kanunca zorunlu k\u0131l\u0131nan i\u015flem\u201d olarak kar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131na \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Formalite denilerek imzalanan i\u015f\u00e7inin imzas\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan belgeler i\u015f\u00e7ilerin ciddi hak kay\u0131plar\u0131na u\u011framalar\u0131na, mahkemelerde s\u00fcr\u00fcnmelerine yol a\u00e7\u0131yor. \u00c7ok s\u0131k ya\u015fanan birka\u00e7 \u00f6rnek verelim:<\/p>\n

1. FORMAL\u0130TE D\u0130YE ATILAN \u0130MZALAR TAZM\u0130NATSIZ \u0130\u015eTEN \u00c7IKARTILMAYA YOL A\u00c7AB\u0130L\u0130R<\/strong>
\n\u0130\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesini okumadan imzalama: \u0130\u015fe girerken imzalad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesini i\u015f\u00e7ilerin neredeyse tamam\u0131 okumuyor. Bir \u00f6rne\u011fini alm\u0131yor. Bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerde i\u015fveren, i\u015fi ve i\u015fyerini tan\u0131mlarken, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 belirlerken, esnek, ileride i\u015fine geldi\u011fi gibi kullanaca\u011f\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmler koyuyor. \u0130\u015f\u00e7inin formalite diye \u00f6nemsemeyerek imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerde i\u015f\u00e7inin i\u015fverenin \u00fclke genelindeki t\u00fcm i\u015fyerlerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131, i\u015fverenin verece\u011fi t\u00fcm i\u015fleri yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul etti\u011fi, fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya onay verdi\u011fi, fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman \u00fccretinin ayl\u0131k \u00fccretin i\u00e7erisinde oldu\u011funu belirtti\u011fi s\u00f6zle\u015fme h\u00fck\u00fcmleri yer al\u0131yor. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcmler ileride i\u015fverenin i\u015f\u00e7iyi feshe zorlamas\u0131nda,tazminats\u0131z bir \u015fekilde i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bask\u0131 kurmas\u0131nda en \u00f6nemli hukuki dayanak haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

2. FORMAL\u0130TE D\u0130YE ATILAN \u0130MZALAR \u0130\u015e\u00c7\u0130LER\u0130 ALACAKLIYKEN BOR\u00c7LU HAL\u0130NE GET\u0130REB\u0130L\u0130R<\/strong>
\nBo\u015f Senet \u0130mzalama: \u0130\u015fverenler i\u015f\u00e7ilere i\u015fe girerken bo\u015f senet imzalatt\u0131r\u0131yorlar. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ne kadar k\u0131dem, ihbar tazminat\u0131, fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alaca\u011f\u0131 varsa bu alacaklar\u0131n\u0131 mahkeme karar\u0131na ba\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, senede genellikle mahkemenin i\u015f\u00e7i lehine vermi\u015f oldu\u011fu tutar kadar bir bor\u00e7 yaz\u0131p icra takibi yap\u0131yorlar. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i ya takip hukuku ile u\u011fra\u015famad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 alaca\u011f\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7iyor ya da dava sonras\u0131 davalar maratonuna katlanmak menfi tespit davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131p, senedi \u201cformalite\u201d diye imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlamak zorunda kal\u0131yor. Formalite diye at\u0131lan imza i\u015f\u00e7iyi bor\u00e7lu biri haline getiren belgeye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

3. FORMAL\u0130TE D\u0130YE ATILAN \u0130MZALAR D\u00dc\u015e\u00dcK EMEKL\u0130 MAA\u015eI ANLAMINA GELEB\u0130L\u0130R<\/strong>
\n\u00dccret Bordrolar\u0131na At\u0131lan \u0130mzalar: Bordroda i\u015f\u00e7inin \u00fccreti, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 fazla saatleri, i\u015fverenden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 avanslar, \u00fccretten yap\u0131lan kesintiler tam olarak ve do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6sterilmemesi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7e\u011fi. \u0130stisna olan i\u015fyerlerini bir tarafa b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, bordrolar ger\u00e7e\u011fi yans\u0131tm\u0131yor. \u00dccretin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 bordroda g\u00f6steriliyor, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 elden \u00f6deniyor. Yap\u0131lan fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 bordroda g\u00f6steriliyor bir k\u0131sm\u0131 elden \u00f6deniyor.<\/p>\n

Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Hukukundan do\u011fan uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klara bakan Yarg\u0131tay daireler, pirime esas kazanc\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bildirildi\u011fi iddias\u0131 ile a\u00e7\u0131lan davlarda, i\u015f\u00e7i bordroda belirtilen \u00fccretin ger\u00e7ek \u00fccret olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 i\u015f mahkemesinde kan\u0131tlam\u0131\u015f olsa da bordrolardaki \u00fccreti esas al\u0131yor. \u0130\u015f\u00e7iden imzal\u0131 \u00fccret bordrosundaki \u00fccretin ger\u00e7ek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, e\u015fde\u011fer yaz\u0131l\u0131 belge ile kan\u0131tlamas\u0131n\u0131 istiyor. B\u00f6yle bir \u015fey imkans\u0131z oldu\u011fundan i\u015f\u00e7i ger\u00e7ek \u00fccretinin \u00e7ok alt\u0131nda SGK primi yat\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck emeklilik ayl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sineye \u00e7ekmek zorunda kal\u0131yor. Formalite diye at\u0131lan imza i\u015f\u00e7iye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck emekli maa\u015f\u0131 olarak geri geliyor.<\/p>\n

4. FORMAL\u0130TE D\u0130YE ATILAN \u0130MZALAR FAZLA \u00c7ALI\u015eMALARI YOK EDEB\u0130L\u0130R<\/strong>
\n\u0130mzal\u0131 \u00fccret bordrolarda ki \u00fccretin ger\u00e7ek \u00fccreti yans\u0131tmamas\u0131 halinde \u00fccret ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyen Yarg\u0131tay\u2019\u0131n i\u015f uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131na bakan daireleri, imzal\u0131 \u00fccret bordrolar\u0131nda fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatleri ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fccret tahakkuklar\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmi\u015fse, imzal\u0131 bordro olan d\u00f6nemlerin aksi yaz\u0131l\u0131 e\u015f de\u011fer delille kan\u0131tlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hesab\u0131ndan d\u0131\u015flanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirtiyor. Formalite diye at\u0131lan imza, ger\u00e7ekte \u00f6denmeyen fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n i\u015fverene hediye edilmesinin arac\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

5. FORMAL\u0130TE D\u0130YE ATILAN \u0130MZALAR \u0130\u015e KAZALARINDA \u0130\u015e\u00c7\u0130YE KUSUR OLARAK D\u00d6NER<\/strong>
\n\u0130\u015f\u00e7i sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130\u015f G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Belgelerine At\u0131lan \u0130mzalar: \u0130\u015f\u00e7iler i\u015f\u00e7i sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011fi e\u011fitimi almad\u0131klar\u0131 halde, ald\u0131k diye imza at\u0131yor, kendilerine teslim edilmedi\u011fi halde koruyucu malzeme teslim edildi eksik de\u011fil diye imza at\u0131yor. Att\u0131klar\u0131 bu imzalar, i\u015f kazas\u0131 meydana geldi\u011finde i\u015f\u00e7iye gerekli e\u011fitim, korucu malzeme verilmi\u015f, i\u015f\u00e7i ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 e\u011fitime kar\u015f\u0131n gerekli dikkate ve \u00f6zeni g\u00f6stermedi\u011fi i\u00e7in kusurludur diyen bilirki\u015fi raporlar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Formalite diye atm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu imzalar i\u015f kazas\u0131 ge\u00e7irdi\u011finde i\u015f\u00e7inin kusurlu say\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n dayana\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015e YASASININ \u0130\u015eYERLER\u0130NE G\u0130RMES\u0130 \u0130\u00c7\u0130N G\u00dcVENCEL\u0130 \u0130\u015e\u00c7\u0130 TEMS\u0130LC\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130<\/strong>
\n\u00d6rnekleri daha fazla \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131rsak yer kalmayacak. Gelelim i\u015f\u00e7ilerin vermi\u015f oldu\u011fu ikinci yan\u0131ta: \u201c\u0130mzalamasam i\u015fe ba\u015flat\u0131lmayacakt\u0131m, i\u015ften at\u0131lacakt\u0131m imzalad\u0131m.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin i\u015fe girememe, i\u015ften at\u0131lma korkusuyla imza atmak zorunda kalmalar\u0131 g\u00fcvencesizli\u011fin en net en somut d\u0131\u015fa vurumudur. \u0130\u015f\u00e7iyi i\u015fe giri\u015f a\u015famas\u0131nda, i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi devam ederken istemedi\u011fi, ger\u00e7e\u011fi yans\u0131tmayan belgeleri imzalamak zorunda b\u0131rakan, bu zorunlulukla imzalanan belgelere hukuki sonu\u00e7 ba\u011flayan bir hukuk sistemi, g\u00fcvencesizlik \u00fczerinden i\u015f\u00e7iyi bask\u0131layan i\u015fvereni koruyan bir hukuk sistemine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ger\u00e7ekten bilerek isteyerek imzalayanla, i\u015fe girememe, i\u015ften at\u0131lma korkusuyla imzalam\u0131\u015f olan\u0131 ay\u0131rt edemeyen bir i\u015f hukuku eksiktir, \u00e7a\u011fd\u0131\u015f\u0131 kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fyerlerinde mutlak i\u015f g\u00fcvencesiyle donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f i\u015f\u00e7i temsilcilikleri, zorda kal\u0131p at\u0131lan imzalar\u0131n engellenmesinden i\u015f yasas\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fyerlerine girmesine kadar bir dizi kazan\u0131m\u0131 sa\u011flayacak kurumdur. G\u00fcvenceyle donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f i\u015f\u00e7i temsilcili\u011fi bireysel i\u015f yasas\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fyerlerine girmesinin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7ar, ancak yetmez. \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin \u00f6zg\u00fcr se\u00e7imine dayanan, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin ger\u00e7ek iradelerini yans\u0131tan sendika i\u00e7i hukukla var olacak sendikala\u015fma formalitelerin hakka d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi i\u00e7in zorunludur.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in hak kayb\u0131na u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belgeleri \u201cneden imzalad\u0131n\u201d sorusuna s\u0131k\u00e7a verdikleri…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4689],"tags":[1823,1775,2536],"class_list":{"0":"post-30026","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-secki","8":"tag-calisma-yasami","9":"tag-isci","10":"tag-murat-ozveri"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30026","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30026"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30026\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30026"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30026"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30026"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}