{"id":30052,"date":"2018-11-24T12:54:15","date_gmt":"2018-11-24T09:54:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/\/?p=30052"},"modified":"2019-01-30T15:38:38","modified_gmt":"2019-01-30T12:38:38","slug":"istanbulda-deniz-tasimaciligi-orani-yuzde-2-zerrin-bayrakdar-ile-soylesi-hikmet-adal-bianet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/istanbulda-deniz-tasimaciligi-orani-yuzde-2-zerrin-bayrakdar-ile-soylesi-hikmet-adal-bianet\/","title":{"rendered":"“\u0130stanbul’da Deniz Ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 Oran\u0131 Y\u00fczde 2” – Zerrin Bayrakdar ile s\u00f6yle\u015fi \/ Hikmet Adal (Bianet)"},"content":{"rendered":"

“Senin yerinde olsam habere ‘\u0130stanbul’da k\u0131y\u0131ya paralel hatlarda deniz i\u015fletmecili\u011finden yararlanmak \u015fart’ \u015feklinde bir giri\u015fle ba\u015flar\u0131m” diyor emekli Y\u0131ld\u0131z Teknik \u00dcniversitesi Ula\u015ft\u0131rma Anabilim Dal\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyesi Prof. Dr. Zerrin Bayraktar.\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

S\u00f6yle\u015fimiz esnas\u0131nda akl\u0131mdan girizgah olarak ge\u00e7en en vurucu c\u00fcmleyi kendisi \u00f6neriyor bana.<\/p>\n

Son haftalarda \u0130stanbul Deniz Otob\u00fcsleri’nin (\u0130DO) seferlerini durduraca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylentisiyle ba\u015flayan ve deniz ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki \u0130stanbul’un eksikli\u011finin yeniden tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 konumuz.<\/p>\n

\u0130DO’nun seferlerini durduraca\u011f\u0131 bir iddia olarak 14 Kas\u0131m’da Habert\u00fcrk gazetesinde bir haberle g\u00fcndeme gelmi\u015fti. Resmi a\u00e7\u0131klama 19 Kas\u0131m g\u00fcn\u00fc geldi. 1 Aral\u0131k 2018’den itibaren Sirkeci \u2013 Harem hatt\u0131 hari\u00e7 t\u00fcm i\u00e7 hat deniz otob\u00fcs\u00fc seferleri ge\u00e7ici olarak durdurulacak.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye’de konunun en \u00f6nemli uzmanlar\u0131ndan Prof. Dr. Zerrin Bayraktar’la \u0130stanbul ve Marmara’da deniz ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda nelerin eksik oldu\u011fu, yap\u0131lan hatalar ve deniz yollar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l yeniden etkin bi\u00e7imde kullan\u0131labilece\u011fini konu\u015ftuk.<\/p>\n

\u0130DO seferlerini durduruyor ama deniz ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in y\u0131llard\u0131r s\u00f6ylenir, \u0130stanbul’da deniz kullan\u0131lm\u0131yor diye. Bunun nedeni nedir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ula\u015ft\u0131rma politikalar\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye’de karayolu a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131. \u0130stanbul’da k\u0131y\u0131ya paralel hatlarda deniz i\u015fletmecili\u011finden daha \u00e7ok yararlanmak \u015fart. Bo\u011faz en \u00f6nemlisi. Bostanc\u0131’dan Kad\u0131k\u00f6y’e bile hat olabilir. Bunlar hep geli\u015ftirilebilir \u015feyler.<\/p>\n

Mesela Emin\u00f6n\u00fc’nden Sar\u0131yer’e hat var. Ben mesela e\u011fer \u00e7ok beklemeyeceksem Be\u015fikta\u015f’a giderken bunu tercih ediyorum. Be\u015fikta\u015f’a 10 dakikada g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcyor. ‘Emin\u00f6n\u00fc’nden bin tramvaya in Kabata\u015f’ta, bin otob\u00fcse gel Be\u015fikta\u015f’adan \u00e7ok daha \u00e7abuk getiriyor.<\/p>\n

Be\u015fikta\u015f’tan da keza Arnavutk\u00f6y’e gitmek \u00e7ok zordur ama \u015eehir Hatlar\u0131’n\u0131n seferi var. \u0130nsanlar bilmiyorlar ki, nas\u0131l bilsinler? Te\u015fvik edeceksin insanlar\u0131. Hem fiyat\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcreceksin hem de insanlar\u0131 iskeleye getireceksin. B\u00f6yle bir \u015fey yapman laz\u0131m.<\/p>\n

Ula\u015ft\u0131rma yaparken sadece maliyete bakmazs\u0131n. Sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 fayday\u0131 da beraber al\u0131rs\u0131n. Trafik kazalar\u0131n\u0131 azalt\u0131yor mu? Zamandan bir tasarruf sa\u011fl\u0131yor mu? Yak\u0131t giderinde bir tasarruf sa\u011fl\u0131yor mu? Hava kirlili\u011fine bir etkisi var m\u0131? Bunlar\u0131n hepsini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrs\u00fcn; o faydalar\u0131 da toplars\u0131n, maliyet i\u00e7ine koyars\u0131n. Ba\u015fka t\u00fcrl\u00fc olmaz \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc. Yani olay sadece para de\u011fil. \u0130stanbul’daki trafi\u011fin halledilememesinin o kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck maliyeti var ki.<\/p>\n

“Ula\u015ft\u0131rma hizmeti bir kamu hizmetidir”<\/strong>
\nAma \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcze s\u00fcrekli maliyet, karl\u0131l\u0131k gibi gerek\u00e7eler \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n

Ula\u015ft\u0131rma bir kamu hizmetidir. Bu i\u015f kar g\u00fcd\u00fcs\u00fcyle yap\u0131lmaz. \u00d6zelle\u015ftirirken kamu hizmetini alan ki\u015finin daha sonra insanlar\u0131 ula\u015ft\u0131rma hizmetinden yoksun b\u0131rakma hakk\u0131 yoktur.<\/p>\n

\u0130DO seferlerini iptal ediyor ama ortal\u0131k aya\u011fa kalkm\u0131yor. \u0130nsanlar etkilenmiyor mu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Halk\u0131n istemesi laz\u0131m \u00f6ncelikle. \u0130nsanlar\u0131 denize al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmam\u0131z laz\u0131m. Denizle bu kadar ha\u015f\u0131r ne\u015fir olan \u00fclkede, deniz ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bu kadar az olmas\u0131 kabul edilemez.<\/p>\n

Benim savundu\u011fum \u015fey \u015fu: \u0130stanbul’da k\u0131y\u0131dan denize paralel otob\u00fcs ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131n, deniz ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yap\u0131ls\u0131n; fakat deniz kenar\u0131nda oturan ki\u015fi say\u0131s\u0131 az oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in de \u00fcstlerden otob\u00fcslerle iskeleler s\u00fcrekli beslensin.<\/p>\n

Otob\u00fcsler mesela Emin\u00f6n\u00fc’nden kalk\u0131p Re\u015fitpa\u015fa’ya gidene kadar Re\u015fitpa\u015fa’dan kalks\u0131n ona yak\u0131n olan bir iskeleye gelsin, ring sefer yaps\u0131n, Re\u015fitpa\u015fa’dan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yolcu ta\u015f\u0131s\u0131n. \u0130skele’den de isteyen ki\u015fi istedi\u011fi yere deniz yolunu kullanarak gitsin. Yani insanlar\u0131 insanlar\u0131 iskeleye ta\u015f\u0131yal\u0131m.<\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul’da deniz ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fczde 2<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul’da deniz ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer ula\u015f\u0131m t\u00fcrleri i\u00e7erisindeki pay\u0131 ne kadar peki?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eu an y\u00fczde 2. En az y\u00fczde 10’a \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Ama bu zor \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc h\u00fck\u00fcmetler karayolu ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00f6nem veriyor. Karayolu lobisi her \u015feye \u00fcst\u00fcn geliyor.<\/p>\n

Tarihte \u015eirket- Hayriye \u0130stanbul i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir kurummu\u015f gibi bir izlenim var. Eskiden deniz daha m\u0131 \u00e7ok kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tarihsel s\u00fcre\u00e7te Hali\u00e7’te olsun, Bo\u011faz’da olsun gemi ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 neredeyse bug\u00fcnk\u00fc kadard\u0131. Ama tabii o zamanlar insanlar tepelere \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131klar\u0131, genellikle Bo\u011faz kenar\u0131nda oturduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in herkese cazip geliyordu ve herkes kullan\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

\u015eimdi de ‘denizin kenar\u0131nda oturan insan say\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ok az oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in yap\u0131lam\u0131yor’ deniyor. K\u0131y\u0131da oturan insan say\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ok az diye bir \u015fey yok ki. Ben k\u0131y\u0131da oturanlar\u0131 de\u011fil tepedekileri de k\u0131y\u0131lara getirebilmek i\u00e7in otob\u00fcs ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla beraber yap\u0131ls\u0131n diyorum. Yani birbirini beslesin.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsanlar Bostanc\u0131’dan niye k\u00f6pr\u00fcleri, yollar\u0131 ge\u00e7mek zorunda olsun ki… Mesela Bostanc\u0131’dan biner, Kad\u0131k\u00f6y’e \u0130DO’yla gelirdi insanlar. Bostanc\u0131, Kad\u0131k\u00f6y, Yenikap\u0131, Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y seferleri vard\u0131, hepsini kald\u0131rd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Bir tek Harem – Sirkeci arabal\u0131 vapur hatt\u0131 kald\u0131. Niye? \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc karl\u0131 geliyor. Devlet de \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc k\u00f6pr\u00fcden ge\u00e7i\u015fi art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in ona s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirdi. Devlet b\u00f6yle bir \u015fey yapamaz. Buna hakk\u0131 yok.<\/p>\n

Orada deniz \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorsa ve yeteri kadar da ta\u015f\u0131yorsa \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc k\u00f6pr\u00fcy\u00fc niye yapt\u0131n ki. Hep kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131k ama anlatamad\u0131k.<\/p>\n

Binali Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m geldi\u011finde ilk olarak kentler aras\u0131 vapurlar\u0131 kald\u0131rd\u0131. Biz eskiden \u0130stanbul’dan koyard\u0131k arabay\u0131 vapura \u0130zmir’de inerdik. Yani be\u015f alt\u0131 sene \u00f6ncesine kadar yapabiliyorduk bunu, ama \u015fimdi kald\u0131rd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

S\u00fcrekli bir de\u011fi\u015fim ve hat azalmas\u0131ndan bahsediyorsunuz. \u0130stanbul’da bir ula\u015f\u0131m karma\u015fas\u0131 m\u0131 var art\u0131k?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tabii var. \u0130stanbul’daki ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n karma\u015fas\u0131n\u0131n sebeplerinden biri de \u00e7ok ba\u015fl\u0131 olmas\u0131. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yukar\u0131 kurulmu\u015f 17 tane birim var. Bunun i\u00e7ine otob\u00fcs\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc giriyor, minib\u00fcs\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc giriyor, motoru, vapuru giriyor, o giriyor, bu giriyor…<\/p>\n

Bu genel politikayla alakal\u0131 bir \u015fey olabilir mi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00d6yle. AKP iktidara geldi\u011finde, 2005 y\u0131l\u0131 gibi ula\u015ft\u0131rma ana plan stratejisi yapt\u0131k ve sunduk. Orada dedik ki \u00f6nce T\u00fcrkiye’deki y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 demiryollar\u0131na aktar\u0131n ki, karayolu trafi\u011fi azals\u0131n. Bunu yapmad\u0131lar, makyajlama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 olarak h\u0131zl\u0131 demiryolu yapmaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Demiryolunun en b\u00fcy\u00fck avantaj\u0131 y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na fayda sa\u011flar ve toplu yolcu ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapar. Osman Gazi K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc i\u00e7in olabilir diyenler ortas\u0131ndan demiryolu ge\u00e7mesi \u015fart\u0131yla olur demi\u015flerdi. Bir kararnameyle onu da kard\u0131rd\u0131lar. \u015eimdi k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn ortas\u0131nda bir demiryolu olsayd\u0131 \u00e7ok rahat \u0130zmir’e ba\u011flanabilirdi.<\/p>\n

Ama onlar ne yap\u0131yor. Makyajlama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 olarak h\u0131zl\u0131 demiryolu. Ya senin daha konvansiyonel hatlar\u0131n do\u011fru d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmazken sen niye b\u00f6yle bir \u015feye giri\u015fiyorsun.<\/p>\n

Zerrin Bayraktar hakk\u0131nda<\/strong>
\n1943, Erzurum do\u011fumlu. 1960’da \u00c7aml\u0131ca K\u0131z Lisesi’nden, 1965’te \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fak\u00fcltesi Matematik B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc’nden mezun oldu.<\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek lisans\u0131n\u0131 ve doktoras\u0131n\u0131 \u0130stanbul Teknik \u00dcniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, \u0130n\u015faat M\u00fchendisli\u011fi Ana Bilim Dal\u0131, Ula\u015ft\u0131rma Program\u0131’nda tamamlad\u0131.<\/p>\n

1972’de \u0130n\u015faat M\u00fchendisli\u011fi Ula\u015ft\u0131rma Anabilim Dal\u0131 ve Harita M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc’nde asistan oldu. 1982’de Yard\u0131mc\u0131 do\u00e7ent doktor \u00fcnvan\u0131n\u0131, 1997’de ise profes\u00f6r doktor \u00fcnvan\u0131n\u0131 elde etti.<\/p>\n

1992-1995 y\u0131llar\u0131nda ayn\u0131 fak\u00fcltenin Dekan Yard\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6revlerinde bulundu. 1998 \u2013 2000 tarihleri aras\u0131nda ise \u0130n\u015faat B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc B\u00f6l\u00fcm Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131. 2005 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise emekli oldu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"“Senin yerinde olsam habere ‘\u0130stanbul’da k\u0131y\u0131ya paralel hatlarda deniz i\u015fletmecili\u011finden yararlanmak \u015fart’…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4733,4689],"tags":[4019,4017,490,4279,4278],"class_list":{"0":"post-30052","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-kabatas","8":"category-secki","9":"tag-deniz-ulasimi","10":"tag-ido","11":"tag-istanbul","12":"tag-istanbul-deniz","13":"tag-zerrin-bayrakdar"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30052","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30052"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30052\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30052"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30052"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30052"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}