{"id":30081,"date":"2018-11-30T10:38:16","date_gmt":"2018-11-30T07:38:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/\/?p=30081"},"modified":"2019-02-05T16:30:35","modified_gmt":"2019-02-05T13:30:35","slug":"ulasimda-harekete-gecirecek-sorular-irfan-batur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/ulasimda-harekete-gecirecek-sorular-irfan-batur\/","title":{"rendered":"Ula\u015f\u0131mda harekete ge\u00e7irecek sorular – \u0130rfan Batur"},"content":{"rendered":"

Son zamanlar\u0131n en dikkat \u00e7ekici haberlerinden birisi \u015f\u00fcphesiz \u0130DO\u2019nun \u0130stanbul\u2019da i\u00e7 hat seferlerini durduraca\u011f\u0131 haberiydi. Haber kamuoyundan pek \u00e7ok tepki ald\u0131. Ancak bunlar \u00e7o\u011funlukla \u201c\u00f6zelle\u015ftirme\u201d ba\u011flam\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kald\u0131. \u0130stanbul\u2019un bir metropol olarak i\u015flevini yerine getirmede her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn daha da yetersiz h\u00e2le geldi\u011fi herkesin malumuyken, binlerce insan\u0131n kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu hatlar\u0131n ans\u0131z\u0131n iptal edilmesini \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme bahsi ile s\u0131n\u0131rlamak milyonlarca kentliye haks\u0131zl\u0131k olacakt\u0131r. Aksine mevzunun geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131 ve b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl bir nazarla incelenmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6ncelikle, habere dair bildiklerimizi k\u0131saca \u00f6zetlemekte yarar var. \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi b\u00fcnyesinde 1987 y\u0131l\u0131nda kurulan \u0130DO zaman i\u00e7erisinde \u0130stanbul\u2019da \u015fehir i\u00e7i ve \u015fehirler aras\u0131 ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n \u00f6nemli unsurlar\u0131ndan biri haline gelmi\u015fti. \u00d6yle ki, \u0130DO 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda TASS (Tepe-Akfen-Souter-Sera) ortak giri\u015fim grubuna devredildi\u011finde bu \u00f6zelle\u015ftirmenin iki taraf i\u00e7in de hayli k\u00e2rl\u0131 oldu\u011fu o d\u00f6nem s\u0131k\u0131l\u0131kla dile getirilmi\u015fti. Ne var ki gelinen noktada i\u015flerin pek de beklenildi\u011fi gibi gitmedi\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Firma \u201ck\u00e2rl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesi\u201d sebebiyle baz\u0131 hatlarda seferlerini durduraca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klarken mevcut duruma nas\u0131l gelindi\u011fini ise kamuoyuna yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada detaylar\u0131yla izah etti.<\/p>\n

A\u00e7\u0131klamaya g\u00f6re firman\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclerinin bir\u00e7o\u011fu farkl\u0131 nedenlerle ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmemi\u015f. Firmaya verilen s\u00f6zler tutulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi birtak\u0131m hatlarda kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak zarara u\u011frat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. \u0130zmit ve Bursa B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyeleri destekli yeni kurulan firmalar haks\u0131z rekabete yol a\u00e7arken ba\u015flat\u0131lan hukuki m\u00fccadelelerden de istenilen h\u0131zda sonu\u00e7 al\u0131namam\u0131\u015f. Neticede ise firman\u0131n bu hatlarda hizmet vermeyi durdurmas\u0131ndan ba\u015fka bir se\u00e7ene\u011fi kalmam\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n

Gelinen noktay\u0131 son y\u0131llarda giderek artan hukuksuzluk ve keyfilik \u00e7er\u00e7evesinden de\u011ferlendirmek veyahut da sa\u011fl\u0131k ve e\u011fitim gibi temel ihtiya\u00e7lardan olan ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n k\u00e2r edilmesi gereken bir alan olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi ba\u015fka bir yaz\u0131n\u0131n konusu; bu nedenle ge\u00e7iyorum. Haber ba\u011flam\u0131nda as\u0131l \u00fczerinde durulmas\u0131 gereken husus; \u0130stanbul\u2019da ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n seyri ve art\u0131k \u0130stanbullular i\u00e7in ya\u015fam\u0131n iyice katlan\u0131lmaz hale geldi\u011fi \u015fehirdeki y\u00f6netim garabetidir.<\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul\u2019da neredeyse her y\u0131l b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 altyap\u0131 projeleri hayata ge\u00e7iriliyor. Bunlar aras\u0131nda neler yok ki? Metro, tramvay, otob\u00fcs, Metrob\u00fcs hatlar\u0131, istasyonlar, t\u00fcneller, k\u00f6pr\u00fcler\u2026 Bunlar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015flar\u0131na ise \u201ctrafi\u011fin art\u0131k \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclece\u011fine\u201d dair b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 propagandalar e\u015flik ediyor. Lakin gelinen noktada \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesini bir kenara b\u0131rakal\u0131m durum g\u00fcnden g\u00fcne daha da k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fiyor. Bunun en b\u00fcy\u00fck delili ise d\u00fcnyadaki y\u00fczlerce \u015fehri trafik s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131na g\u00f6re kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131ran indekslerde \u0130stanbul\u2019un en k\u00f6t\u00fc trafi\u011fe sahip ilk 10 \u015fehir aras\u0131ndaki yerini hi\u00e7 kaybetmemesi. Her y\u0131l milyarlarca dolar harcan\u0131yor fakat de\u011fi\u015fen pek bir \u015fey olmuyor. Bu ele\u015ftiriye yan\u0131t olarak ise daima \u0130stanbul\u2019un artan n\u00fcfusu \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Bu tam olarak do\u011fru bir arg\u00fcman de\u011fil, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc as\u0131l sorun n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131 de\u011fil otomobil art\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.
\n\"\"<\/a>
\nKonuyla ilgili birka\u00e7 istatistiki bilgi payla\u015f\u0131l\u0131rsa de\u011findi\u011fim nokta \u00e7ok daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r. T\u00dc\u0130K\u2019in a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 verilere g\u00f6re \u0130stanbul\u2019un n\u00fcfusu 2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k 11 milyon iken, artarak 2018 y\u0131l\u0131nda 15 milyona ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde \u00f6zel ara\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131 istatistiklerine g\u00f6re ise 2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u015fehirde yakla\u015f\u0131k 1 milyon \u00f6zel ara\u00e7 varken, bu say\u0131 2018 y\u0131l\u0131nda 2,7 milyona y\u00fckselmi\u015ftir. Yani bahsedilen d\u00f6nemde \u00f6zel ara\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131 n\u00fcfusa k\u0131yasla 5 kat daha h\u0131zl\u0131 artm\u0131\u015f ve \u0130stanbul\u2019da 1000 ki\u015fiye d\u00fc\u015fen \u00f6zel ara\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131 90\u2019dan 180\u2019e y\u00fckselmi\u015ftir. Yine benzer d\u00f6nem i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 ula\u015f\u0131m t\u00fcrlerinin toplam i\u00e7indeki kullan\u0131m oranlar\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda \u00f6zel ara\u00e7lar\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fck yolculuklarda kullan\u0131m oran\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 16\u2019lardan y\u00fczde 30\u2019lara y\u00fckseldi\u011fini g\u00f6rmekteyiz.<\/p>\n

Verilerden de anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere savunulan\u0131n aksine \u2013 Marmaray ve Metrob\u00fcs gibi \u00f6nemli projelere ra\u011fmen \u2013 \u0130stanbul\u2019da toplu ta\u015f\u0131maya gereken \u00f6nem verilmemekte, yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n ekseriyeti otomobil kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 hedeflemektedir. D\u00fcnyadaki emsal \u015fehirlerde en \u00f6nemli g\u00fcndem \u00f6zel ara\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 iken \u0130stanbul\u2019da bu konunun konu\u015fulmas\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131n aksine \u00f6zel ara\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik edici k\u00f6pr\u00fc, t\u00fcnel, kav\u015fak, yol a\u011f\u0131 geni\u015fletme yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 ile \u00f6v\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. Bu zihniyetin bir tezah\u00fcr\u00fc de \u0130stanbul ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn pay\u0131 daha da azalan deniz ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130stanbul Kalk\u0131nma Ajans\u0131 deste\u011fiyle Okan \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi \u201c\u0130stanbul\u2019da Deniz Ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n Gelece\u011finin De\u011ferlendirilmesi\u201d projesinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u0130stanbul\u2019da 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda g\u00fcnl\u00fck yakla\u015f\u0131k 270 bin ki\u015fi deniz yolu ile yolculuk yaparken bunun 2020\u2019de 100 bin yolcu seviyelerine d\u00fc\u015fece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zetle insanlar\u0131 \u015fehrin ke\u015fmeke\u015finden k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli\u011fine de olsa uzakla\u015ft\u0131ran, altyap\u0131 maliyeti di\u011fer t\u00fcrlere k\u0131yasla s\u0131f\u0131ra yak\u0131n olan deniz ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \u0130stanbul\u2019da kaderine terk edilirken, otomobil ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131na yap\u0131lan yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n neticesi olarak \u00f6zel ara\u00e7 kullan\u0131m oran\u0131 her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn artmakta toplu ta\u015f\u0131man\u0131n pay\u0131 ise azalmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130DO hadisesinin bir di\u011fer ve\u00e7hesi olan y\u00f6netim garabeti ise ak\u0131l al\u0131r gibi de\u011fil! <\/strong>
\nUla\u015f\u0131m temelde A noktas\u0131ndan B noktas\u0131na gitmek olarak tan\u0131mlansa da bunun g\u00fcn\u00fcn hangi saatinde, ne t\u00fcr vas\u0131ta kullanarak ve hangi rotadan yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 ya\u015fanabilir \u015fehirler i\u00e7in en hayati konulardan biridir. Bu minvalde bir toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma hatt\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi basit bir olay de\u011fildir; y\u0131llarca s\u00fcren b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 planlama ve bilimsel \u00e7aba gerektirir. \u00d6ncelikle bir b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fayan insanlar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve sosyalle\u015fti\u011fi yerler ile bunlar\u0131n g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisindeki zamanlar\u0131 tespit edilerek ula\u015f\u0131m ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 belirlenir. Mevcut ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen sosyo-ekonomik dinamikler de dikkate al\u0131narak bu ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n hangi t\u00fcrler ile ne miktarda kar\u015f\u0131lanaca\u011f\u0131 saptan\u0131r. Buna uygun \u015fekilde de gerekli yol a\u011f\u0131 ve toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma hatlar\u0131 tasarlan\u0131r. Bu planlar\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen ise sonradan bir m\u00fcdahaleye ihtiya\u00e7 duymamas\u0131 yani kal\u0131c\u0131 olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Londra\u2019daki otob\u00fcs hatlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fczergahlar\u0131n\u0131n ve sefer s\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n on y\u0131llard\u0131r de\u011fi\u015fmemi\u015f olmas\u0131 bunun iyi bir \u00f6rne\u011fidir. Bu bilgiler \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u015fu sorular\u0131 sormak gerekiyor:<\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul\u2019da her g\u00fcn binlerce insan\u0131n kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu hatlar\u0131n \u201ck\u00e2rl\u0131l\u0131k\u201d gerek\u00e7esi ile iptal edilmesi normal midir?<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnyada geli\u015fmi\u015f \u015fehirlerde toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma devlet taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde s\u00fcbvanse edilirken hatta yer yer halka \u00fccretsiz sunulurken, otomobillere ve di\u011fer toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma t\u00fcrlerine nazaran daha az maliyetli, daha insanc\u0131l ve \u00e7evreye daha az zararl\u0131 olan deniz hatlar\u0131 neden kaderine terk ediliyor?<\/p>\n

Bu iptal karar\u0131n\u0131 hizmet al\u0131nan bir firma verebiliyorsa milyonlarca insan\u0131n oyuyla se\u00e7ilen y\u00f6neticilerin g\u00f6rev kapsam\u0131 nedir?<\/p>\n

S\u00fcrece dair kamu ad\u0131na herhangi bir y\u00f6netici bir a\u00e7\u0131klama yapm\u0131\u015f ya da yapacak m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/p>\n

Bu hatlar\u0131 h\u00e2li haz\u0131rda kullanan insanlara alternatif g\u00fczergahlar \u00f6nerildi mi? Yoksa bu insanlar ba\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7aresine baks\u0131n diye mi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc?<\/p>\n

Bu hatlar\u0131 kullanan insanlardan imk\u00e2nlar\u0131 olanlar\u0131n \u00f6zel ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ile h\u00e2li haz\u0131rda alarm veren \u0130stanbul trafi\u011fine kat\u0131lacak olmas\u0131 y\u00f6neticileri, medyay\u0131 ya da kentlileri endi\u015felendirmiyor mu?<\/p>\n

Benzer \u015fekilde \u00f6zel halk otob\u00fcsleri sahipleri de gece seferleri k\u00e2rl\u0131 de\u011fil diye bu seferleri durdurma hakk\u0131na sahipler midir?<\/p>\n

Veyahut da \u0130DO yerine Metrob\u00fcs \u00f6zelle\u015ftirilse idi ayn\u0131 durumda Metrob\u00fcs seferlerini durdurmak ilgili firman\u0131n tasarrufunda m\u0131 olacakt\u0131?<\/p>\n

Bu ve bu gibi sorular \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131labilir. Ancak bu sorular\u0131 sormas\u0131 gerekenler bu sorular\u0131 sormaya ba\u015flamad\u0131klar\u0131 m\u00fcddet\u00e7e sorular\u0131n muhataplar\u0131 da harekete ge\u00e7meyecektir. Gelinen noktada bu hatlar\u0131n iptali nispeten az say\u0131da kentliyi etkileyecek olsa da mevcut gidi\u015fat ve zihniyet nazara al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda apa\u00e7\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir ki \u015fehirde ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn insanca ya\u015fama hakk\u0131 tehdit alt\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130rfan Batur – Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131
\nArizona Eyalet \u00dcniversitesi \u2013 A.B.D.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Not:<\/strong> Yaz\u0131 \u0130DO’nun seferlere yeniden ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duyurmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce yaz\u0131lsa da, sadece \u0130DO’nun iptal karar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil, karar\u0131 alabilme imkan\u0131n\u0131\/\u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve kentlilerin ula\u015f\u0131m hakk\u0131n\u0131n ne ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermek ad\u0131na yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yaz\u0131 i\u00e7eri\u011fi, uygulanan ula\u015f\u0131m projelerine, mevcut ula\u015f\u0131m sistemlerine ve kenti y\u00f6netenlere d\u00f6n\u00fck ele\u015ftiriler \u0130DO’nun karar\u0131 sonras\u0131 bile ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Son zamanlar\u0131n en dikkat \u00e7ekici haberlerinden birisi \u015f\u00fcphesiz \u0130DO\u2019nun \u0130stanbul\u2019da i\u00e7 hat…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":30881,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4721],"tags":[4017,4295,1066],"class_list":{"0":"post-30081","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-ulasim-yazilar","8":"tag-ido","9":"tag-istanbul-ulasim","10":"tag-ulasim"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30081","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30081"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30081\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30881"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30081"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30081"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30081"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}