3. havaliman\u0131ndan \u015firket ka\u00e7\u0131\u015flar\u0131 \u015f\u00fcphe uyand\u0131r\u0131yor. Kolin\u2019den sonra iki \u015firketin daha \u00e7ekilece\u011fi iddia ediliyor. Her \u00e7\u0131kan da 6 milyar Euro bor\u00e7tan pay\u0131na d\u00fc\u015feni kalana devrediyor. Peki o bor\u00e7 sonunda kime y\u0131k\u0131lacak? Yan\u0131t\u0131 15 Kas\u0131m 2017\u2019de THY\u2019nin kurdu\u011fu yeni \u015firkette sakl\u0131. Nas\u0131l m\u0131? \u0130\u015fte bir kara deli\u011fin hikayesi\u2026<\/p>\n
Hi\u00e7 uzatmadan s\u00f6yleyelim. 3. havaliman\u0131 hen\u00fcz tam faaliyete ge\u00e7meden batt\u0131. Milyarlarca Euro\u2019luk faturas\u0131 da vatanda\u015fa kald\u0131. K\u00f6pr\u00fcde, havaliman\u0131nda oy pusulas\u0131 ge\u00e7medi\u011fine g\u00f6re, her kuru\u015funu \u2018mega projelerin\u2019 \u00fczerinde erik dal\u0131 oynayanlarla oynamayanlar beraberce \u00f6deyecekler. Ge\u00e7mi\u015f olsun\u2026<\/p>\n
Gelin madde madde bunun nas\u0131l ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fine bakal\u0131m \u015fimdi.<\/p>\n
* Malum, havaliman\u0131n\u0131 yapan ve 25 y\u0131l i\u015fletecek \u0130GA\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fczde 20\u2019\u015fer payla 5 orta\u011f\u0131 vard\u0131: Kolin, Limak, Kalyon, Cengiz, MNG. \u0130haleyi 3 May\u0131s 2013\u2019te KDV hari\u00e7 22 milyar 150 milyon Euro\u2019ya ald\u0131lar. \u0130ktidar da \u015firketlere a\u011f\u0131r Hazine garantileri sa\u011flad\u0131. Neydi bunlar? Onlar\u0131 da k\u0131saca hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m.<\/p>\n
* \u0130lk 13 y\u0131l i\u00e7in 6.3 milyar Euro yolcu garantisi verildi. Garanti tutar\u0131 yolcu ba\u015f\u0131na d\u0131\u015f hatta 20 Euro, d\u0131\u015f hattan gelip d\u0131\u015f hata gidenlerde 5 Euro ve i\u00e7 hattan gelip d\u0131\u015f hata gidenler i\u00e7in de 3 Euro \u00fczerinden hesaplanacak. Devletin verdi\u011fi yolcu garantisi ilk etapta 90 milyon ki\u015fi. Miktar tutturulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00fczerini devlet \u00f6deyecek.<\/p>\n
* Ka\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerinde \u015fahane anla\u015fma. Ne var ki, \u015firketlerin s\u00f6z konusu i\u015fi kendi kaynaklar\u0131ndan tamamlamas\u0131 imkans\u0131zd\u0131. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla yine Hazine devreye girdi. Ve 3.4 milyar Euro\u2019su Ziraat, Halkbank ve Vak\u0131fbank\u2019tan, 500 milyon Euro\u2019su Denizbank\u2019tan, 300\u2019er milyon Euro\u2019su da Garanti ve Finansbank\u2019tan olmak \u00fczere toplam 4.5 milyar Euro bor\u00e7 al\u0131nd\u0131. 16 y\u0131l vadeli, d\u00f6rt y\u0131l\u0131 ana para \u00f6demesiz. Kredi \u015fartlar\u0131 da harika. Gel gelelim cebinden tek kuru\u015f harcamamaya yeminli be\u015f \u015firket, ge\u00e7en y\u0131l\u0131n may\u0131s ay\u0131nda yine Hazine garantisi alt\u0131nda 1.4 milyar Euro daha kredi \u00e7ekti. Bor\u00e7 toplam\u0131 6 milyar Euro\u2019yu buldu. Havaliman\u0131n\u0131n ilk faz\u0131 zar zor bu krediyle bitirildi.<\/p>\n
\u0130\u015fte as\u0131l hikaye de bundan sonra ba\u015fl\u0131yor\u2026<\/p>\n
* Kolin, 9 Ocak 2019 g\u00fcn\u00fc elindeki y\u00fczde 20 hisseyi Kalyon\u2019a devretti\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Kalyon\u2019un pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 40\u2019a y\u00fckseldi. Ge\u00e7en hafta iki \u015firketin daha havaliman\u0131 ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7ekilece\u011fine dair bir haber kulislere d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Hen\u00fcz tam faaliyete ge\u00e7memi\u015f ve ka\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerinde ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc k\u00e2rl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnen havaliman\u0131ndan bu \u2018acil ka\u00e7\u0131\u015flar\u2019 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131 \u015f\u00fcphe uyand\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
\u0130\u015fin perde arkas\u0131n\u0131 biraz kurcalayal\u0131m.<\/p>\n
* 10 Ocak 2019 g\u00fcn\u00fc havac\u0131l\u0131k konusunda uzman gazetecilerden say\u0131lan Habert\u00fcrk yazar\u0131 G\u00fcntay \u015eim\u015fek\u2019in bir analizi yay\u0131nland\u0131. G\u00fcndemin yo\u011funlu\u011funda \u00e7o\u011fu kimsenin g\u00f6z\u00fcnden ka\u00e7an bu analiz, 3. havaliman\u0131nda d\u00f6nen oyunlara dair ilgin\u00e7 ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 veriyordu.<\/p>\n
* \u00d6ncelikle \u015firketlerin kur art\u0131\u015f\u0131yla katlanan 6 milyar Euro\u2019luk kredinin faizini dahi \u00f6deyemeyecek durumda olduklar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Nitekim Kalyon\u2019un hisse devrinde tutar a\u00e7\u0131klanmad\u0131. Devrin onun pay\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen 1.5 milyar Euro\u2019luk borcun kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi\u011fi belirtiliyor. K\u0131saca Kolin, in\u015faat\u0131 tamamlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in devletten alaca\u011f\u0131 y\u00fckl\u00fc miktardaki hak edi\u015fi tahsil ettikten sonra borcunu devredip \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n
* Geriye kalan \u015firketlerden Kalyon y\u00fczde 40 hissesi ile ortakl\u0131kta i\u015fletme y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131yan firma. Onun \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fil. Cengiz ise ihalede teknik kriteri \u00fcstlenen pilot \u015firketti ve onun da \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l boyunca \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 yasakt\u0131. S\u00fcre bu y\u0131l doldu. Limak ve MNG ise in\u015faat i\u015finde. Her zaman \u00e7\u0131kabilirler. \u00d6zetle \u00fc\u00e7 \u015firketin \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde yasal engel yok art\u0131k. Peki bu nas\u0131l olacak? O kadar borcu Kalyon tek ba\u015f\u0131na m\u0131 \u00fcstlenecek?<\/p>\n
* \u00d6nce bir hat\u0131rlatma daha yapal\u0131m. 15 Kas\u0131m 2017\u2019de THY, \u201cTHY Havaalan\u0131 Gayrimenkul Yat\u0131r\u0131m ve \u0130\u015fletme Anonim\u201d ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda yeni bir \u015firket kurdu. Bu \u015firket an\u0131nda tek yetkilinin Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan oldu\u011fu Varl\u0131k Fonu\u2019na devredildi. THY\u2019nin y\u00fczde 49,12\u2019lik b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc de zaten Varl\u0131k Fonu b\u00fcnyesine 3 \u015eubat 2017 g\u00fcn\u00fc al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
* \u015eim\u015fek\u2019in kulisinde 3. havaliman\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 70\u2019ini kullanacak olan THY\u2019nin havaliman\u0131 i\u015fletmesine y\u00fczde 20 ortak olmas\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc aktar\u0131l\u0131yordu. Kolin\u2019in \u00e7ekilmesinin ard\u0131ndan ise THY\u2019nin y\u00fczde 40 hisse almas\u0131n\u0131n planland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Bunun anlam\u0131, kalan \u015firketlerin hisselerinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 THY\u2019nin almas\u0131. Havaliman\u0131 i\u015fletmesinin y\u00fczde 60\u2019\u0131n\u0131n Kalyon\u2019a, y\u00fczde 40\u2019\u0131n\u0131n da THY\u2019ye ge\u00e7mesi planlan\u0131yor. Hisse devirleri bor\u00e7 devirlerini de kapsad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, THY 6 milyar Euro\u2019luk kredinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcstlenmi\u015f olacak. Ancak ger\u00e7ekte t\u00fcm bor\u00e7 Hazine garantisinde olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 tamam\u0131 kamuya kalacak zaten. Bu arada in\u015faat\u0131n bitmesi i\u00e7in gerekli 4.5 milyar Euro\u2019luk yeni yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 da THY \u00fcstlenecek.<\/p>\n
Yol haritas\u0131 bu. Uygulanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in sadece m\u00fcsait zaman ve zemin bekleniyor\u2026<\/p>\n
HAVAL\u0130MANININ ZARAR EDECE\u011e\u0130N\u0130 B\u0130L\u0130YORLARDI<\/p>\n
Birka\u00e7 ay sonra iktidar, \u201cTek kuru\u015f harcamadan milyarl\u0131k havaliman\u0131n\u0131 \u015firketlere yapt\u0131r\u0131p kamuya kazand\u0131rd\u0131k\u201d derse \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 olmaz. Zira 3. havaliman\u0131, be\u015f \u015firket ve onlarca ta\u015feronu zengin etmenin yan\u0131nda etraf\u0131ndaki arazilerle birlikte yeni bir rant alan\u0131 yaratman\u0131n \u00f6tesinde amac\u0131 olmayan bir projeydi. B\u0131rak\u0131n 25 y\u0131l\u0131 2071\u2019e kadar dahi kim i\u015fletirse i\u015fletsin asla k\u00e2r edilemeyece\u011fi, s\u00fcrekli kamudan para aktar\u0131lmak zorunda kal\u0131naca\u011f\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131ndan belliydi. Nas\u0131l m\u0131?<\/p>\n
BETAM Direkt\u00f6r\u00fc Prof. Seyfettin G\u00fcrsel ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 Tuba Toru Deliba\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n d\u00fcnyada benzer projeler i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan sim\u00fclasyonlar\u0131 esas alan ve ihaleden bir ay sonra 28 Haziran 2013 g\u00fcn\u00fc yay\u0131nlanan ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131, havaliman\u0131n\u0131n k\u00e2r etmesinin imkans\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyuyordu. Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n tamam\u0131 merakl\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in \u015furada.<\/p>\n
Resmi plana g\u00f6re, havaliman\u0131 ilk as\u0327amada 90 milyon, ikinci as\u0327amada 120 milyon ve u\u0308c\u0327u\u0308ncu\u0308 as\u0327amada 150 milyon kapasiteye ulas\u0327acak. BETAM\u2019\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131, bilet fiyatlar\u0131 ve ekonominin b\u00fcy\u00fcme performans\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak iki farkl\u0131 senaryo olu\u015fturuldu. Senaryo 1\u2019de bu\u0308yu\u0308me 2013- 2019 do\u0308nemi ic\u0327in yu\u0308zde 5, 2020-2030 do\u0308neminde yu\u0308zde 4 ve 2031-2043 do\u0308neminde de yu\u0308zde 2 kabul edildig\u0306inde; yolcu say\u0131s\u0131 2019\u2019da 80 milyon, 2020\u2019lerin ikinci yaras\u0131nda 120 milyon, 2030\u2019larda ise 150 milyon olarak tahmin ediliyor. Buna kars\u0327\u0131l\u0131k, bu\u0308yu\u0308me h\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 do\u0308nemlerde yu\u0308zde 4, yu\u0308zde 3 ve yu\u0308zde 1.5 kabul edildig\u0306i Senaryo 2\u2019de; 90 milyon yolcuya 2020\u2019lerin ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda, 120 milyon yolcuya ise 2050\u2019lere dog\u0306ru ancak ula\u015f\u0131labiliyor.<\/p>\n
Gelir-gider analizine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda her iki senaryoda da havaliman\u0131n\u0131n 2019-2030 do\u0308neminde, yani kredi borcunun \u00f6denece\u011fi s\u00fcre\u00e7te s\u00fcrekli zarar edeceg\u0306i ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Senaryo 1\u2019de tahmini zarar 5.7 milyar Euro, Senaryo 2\u2019de ise 7.7 milyar Euro\u2019yu buluyor. \u0130yimser senaryoda bile ancak 2030\u2019dan sonra ka\u0302r etmeye bas\u0327layan havaliman\u0131 zarar\u0131 2043\u2019\u00fcn sonunda kapatabiliyor. Buna kars\u0327\u0131l\u0131k Senaryo 2\u2019de birikimli zarar o y\u0131la kadar da kapat\u0131lam\u0131yor ve toplamda 4.8 milyar Euro net zarar ediliyor.<\/p>\n
Bu ne demek? Havaliman\u0131n\u0131 kim i\u015fletirse i\u015fletsin, ekonomide bir istikrar yakalansa dahi 2043\u2019e kadar tek kuru\u015f k\u00e2r olmayacak demek. K\u00e2r edilmesi i\u00e7in ne laz\u0131m biliyor musunuz? 25 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde havaliman\u0131n\u0131n ola\u011fan gelirleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, 10 milyar Euro\u2019nun \u00fczerinde ekstra gelir bulunmas\u0131. Nereden? Ya d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en pahal\u0131 yolcu ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapman\u0131z laz\u0131m ya da i\u015fletecek \u015firketlere bu paray\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karabilecekleri yeni rant alanlar\u0131 a\u00e7man\u0131z.<\/p>\n
Her iki senaryo da \u015fu s\u0131ralar a\u011f\u0131rla\u015fan ekonomik krizi \u00f6ng\u00f6rm\u00fcyordu. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla 2019\u2019da ekonominin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde zarar\u0131n katlanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, b\u0131rak\u0131n 2043\u2019\u00fc, 2071\u2019de bile k\u00e2r etmenin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek abart\u0131 say\u0131lmaz.<\/p>\n
Peki niye yapt\u0131lar? Bunu \u015firketler, iktidar bilmiyor muydu? Elbette biliyordu. Yan\u0131t\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015fu hesapta gizli.<\/p>\n
Yeni havaliman\u0131 ic\u0327in ayr\u0131lan alan 7400 hektar. 45 milyon yolcu kapasiteli Atatu\u0308rk Havaliman\u0131\u2019n\u0131n alan\u0131 1178 hektard\u0131r. Ge\u00e7en y\u0131l 100 milyon yolcunun u\u00e7tu\u011fu ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en yo\u011fun havalimanlar\u0131ndan Atlanta\u2019n\u0131n kuruldu\u011fu alan da 1625 hektar. Velev ki, 3. havaliman\u0131 150 milyon yolcuyu bulsun, gerekli alan fazla fazla 3500 hektar hesaplan\u0131yor. Kalan 3900 hektar ne olacak? Ya \u00e7evresindeki binlerce hektar? O arazilerin ortaklar\u0131 kimler?<\/p>\n
AKP ve in\u015faat bir araya geldi\u011finde nas\u0131l bir tehlike olu\u015fuyor, var\u0131n siz hesap edin\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"3. havaliman\u0131ndan \u015firket ka\u00e7\u0131\u015flar\u0131 \u015f\u00fcphe uyand\u0131r\u0131yor. Kolin\u2019den sonra iki \u015firketin daha \u00e7ekilece\u011fi…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":30946,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4689],"tags":[1834],"class_list":{"0":"post-30945","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-secki","8":"tag-3-havalimani"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30945","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30945"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30945\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30946"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30945"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30945"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30945"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}