{"id":3149,"date":"2011-05-17T14:10:18","date_gmt":"2011-05-17T11:10:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/\/?p=3149"},"modified":"2013-11-07T16:38:15","modified_gmt":"2013-11-07T13:38:15","slug":"jmo-kutahya-gumuskoy-isletmesi-atik-baraji-yasamsal-bir-risk-tasiyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/jmo-kutahya-gumuskoy-isletmesi-atik-baraji-yasamsal-bir-risk-tasiyor\/","title":{"rendered":"JMO: &#8220;K\u00fctahya G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fk\u00f6y \u0130\u015fletmesi At\u0131k Baraj\u0131 Ya\u015famsal Bir Risk Ta\u015f\u0131yor&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>K\u00dcTAHYA G\u00dcM\u00dc\u015eK\u00d6Y \u0130\u015eLETMES\u0130 ATIK BARAJI YA\u015eAMSAL B\u0130R R\u0130SK TA\u015eIYOR<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Eti G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f A\u015e\u2018nin, K\u00fctahya g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f madeni i\u015fletmesindeki at\u0131k depolama baraj\u0131n\u0131n iki numaral\u0131 havuzuyla \u00fc\u00e7 numaral\u0131 havuzu aras\u0131ndaki setin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve siyan\u00fcrl\u00fc at\u0131k \u00a0iki numaral\u0131 havuza ve buradaki setten de ta\u015farak bir numaral\u0131 havuza akm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. At\u0131klar\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n son sete y\u00fcklenmi\u015f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle \u00a0tehlikeli bir durum ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f olup, bu son setin de y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde civar\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm canl\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131 tehdit edecek boyutta \u00a0bir \u00e7evre felaketi ya\u015fanma riski \u00a0s\u00f6z konusu olmu\u015ftur.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>1987 y\u0131l\u0131nda i\u015fletmeye a\u00e7\u0131lan bu tesiste g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f elde etmek i\u00e7in, alt\u0131n i\u015fletmecili\u011finde de kullan\u0131lan siyan\u00fcr li\u00e7 y\u00f6ntemi uygulanmaktad\u0131r. Siyan\u00fcrleme s\u0131ras\u0131nda, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f elde edildikten sonra arta kalan, siyan\u00fcr ve a\u011f\u0131r metal i\u00e7eren \u00e7amur at\u0131k baraj\u0131nda depolanmaktad\u0131r. \u0130\u015fletmede siyan\u00fcr oran\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in ar\u0131tma kullan\u0131lmamakta ve siyan\u00fcr do\u011fal bozunma yoluyla yokedilmeye b\u0131rak\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>Depolanan siyan\u00fcr bile\u015fikleri ekolojik ortam\u0131 olumsuz y\u00f6nde etkileme potansiyeline sahiptir ve depolanma alan\u0131ndaki siyan\u00fcr at\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131zma ve yeralt\u0131 suyuna kar\u0131\u015fma \u00a0riski bulunmaktad\u0131r S\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131y\u0131 \u00f6nlemek amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131lan ge\u00e7irimsiz sentetik \u00f6rt\u00fclerin s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131y\u0131 tamamen \u00f6nleyece\u011fi ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclse de, yap\u0131lan labaratuvar deneylerinde sabit bas\u0131n\u00e7 alt\u0131nda belli oranlarda s\u0131zd\u0131rma olabilece\u011fi ve olas\u0131 uygulama hatalar\u0131 nedeniyle de s\u0131zma oran\u0131n\u0131n artabilece\u011fi belirtilmektedir.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Nitekim at\u0131k baraj\u0131n\u0131n yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki Dulkadir K\u00f6y\u00fc`nde yeralt\u0131suyunda arsenik zenginle\u015fmesi sonucunda \u00a0kanserden \u00f6lenlerin say\u0131s\u0131 \u00a0h\u0131zla artm\u0131\u015f ve k\u00f6y bo\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/div>\n<div>Bug\u00fcn \u00a0s\u0131zman\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tehlikenin kat be kat \u00f6tesinde \u00a0\u00e7ok riskli bir durum s\u00f6z konusudur. D\u00fcnya\u2018da ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl \u00e7evre \u00a0felaketleri g\u00f6stermektedir ki at\u0131k baraj\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde \u00a0ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilecek tehlike ciddi boyutlarda olabilecektir.<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>Di\u011fer taraftan, at\u0131k baraj\u0131 kapasitesinin daha ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta, i\u015fletmeden \u00e7\u0131kacak at\u0131klar\u0131n depolanmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda, ya\u011f\u0131\u015flardan kaynaklanacak su miktar\u0131 da \u00a0dikkate al\u0131nacak \u00a0\u015fekilde tasarlan\u0131p tasarlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusu da cevaplanmas\u0131 gereken \u00f6nemli bir sorudur. \u00d6te yandan i\u015fletmenin \u00a0kapasitesinin yakla\u015f\u0131k iki kat artt\u0131r\u0131larak \u00a0ortalama 650 ton\/saat`e g\u00f6re \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00a0\u015firketin web sayfas\u0131nda ifade edilmektedir. Bu durum, daha fazla siyan\u00fcr kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve daha fazla siyan\u00fcrl\u00fc at\u0131\u011f\u0131n, at\u0131k barajlar\u0131nda depoland\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir olas\u0131l\u0131kla fazla miktarda at\u0131\u011f\u0131n barajlarda depolanmas\u0131 nedeniyle at\u0131k baraj\u0131n\u0131n iki numaral\u0131 havuzuyla \u00fc\u00e7 numaral\u0131 havuzu aras\u0131ndaki setin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusudur. Nitekim \u015eirketin web sayfas\u0131nda da artt\u0131r\u0131lan \u00fcretim kapasitesini kar\u015f\u0131layacak ilave at\u0131k baraj\u0131 in\u015faat\u0131na ba\u015flanaca\u011f\u0131 bilgisi yer alm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen ilave havuzun in\u015faas\u0131 tamamlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00a0Eti G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f A\u015e taraf\u0131ndan at\u0131k baraj\u0131nda mevcut d\u00f6rt adet at\u0131k havuzunun yeterli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve yeni havuzu in\u015fa etme yoluna gidildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>Gelinen durumda havuzdaki su seviyesinin y\u00fckselmesi, hem son sete gelen at\u0131k y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn artmas\u0131na, hem de son seti olu\u015fturan malzeme i\u00e7indeki su seviyesinin de y\u00fckselmesine neden olmaktad\u0131r. Her iki durum da \u015fevin stabilitesini (durayl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131) bozabilecek ve setin\/setlerin y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131na etken olabilecek fakt\u00f6rlerdir.<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>Bu setlerin projelendirilmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda setlerin stabilite analizlerinde su y\u00fcksekliklerinin dikkate al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 ve \u00a0havuzlardaki maksimum su seviyesinin ne kadar olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi belirlenmi\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Y\u0131k\u0131lma \u00f6ncesindeki su seviyesinin ne kadar oldu\u011fu\/y\u00fckseldi\u011fi de ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken bir husustur.<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>Setlerin projelendirilmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda sette kullan\u0131lan ve ge\u00e7irimsizli\u011fi sa\u011flayan kil \u00e7ekirde\u011fin kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve set y\u00fcksekliklerinin ne kadar belirlendi\u011fi ve uygulamadaki kil \u00e7ekirde\u011fin kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve set y\u00fcksekliklerinin ne kadar oldu\u011fu ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r?<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>Setin\/setlerin y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131nda sadece su seviyesinin y\u00fckselmesinin etkin olmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, bu setlerin in\u015fas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda kilden ba\u015fka, \u00a0ge\u00e7irgenlikleri \u00a0farkl\u0131 olan malzemelerin kullan\u0131l\u0131p kullan\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 da \u00f6nem \u00a0ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Bu durumda set i\u00e7erisinden olabilecek muhtemel s\u0131zmalar nedeniyle setler zay\u0131flayacak ve y\u0131k\u0131lma s\u00f6z konusu olabilecektir. Setlerdeki bu y\u0131k\u0131lman\u0131n nedenleri bu y\u00f6nleriyle de ortaya konulmal\u0131, bu konulara cevap aranmal\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>Bir felaketin ya\u015fanmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in, ge\u00e7ici ama acil olarak son sete gelen su y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Bu nedenle bu kesimdeki at\u0131klar\u0131n ba\u015fka bir tarafa ba\u015fka bir \u00e7evre felaketine yol a\u00e7mayacak \u015fekilde \u00a0ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 ve havuzun k\u0131smen de olsa bo\u015falt\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>Son setin g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na h\u0131z verilmelidir. Halen in\u015fas\u0131 devam eden \u00a0be\u015finci havuzun gerekli setlerin olu\u015fturulup ve ge\u00e7irgenli\u011fi \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in havuz taban\u0131 ve kenarlar\u0131na jeomembran ve kil dolgu yap\u0131larak devreye al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve birinci havuzdaki suyun bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n buraya aktar\u0131lmas\u0131 imkanlar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Setin y\u0131k\u0131lma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 at\u0131\u011f\u0131n yay\u0131lma y\u00f6nlerine tabana jeomembran serilerek yeni set\/setler olu\u015fturulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>T\u00fcm bu ge\u00e7ici \u00f6nlemlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 ve sadece i\u015fletme \u00e7evresindeki ya\u015fam\u0131, suyu, topra\u011f\u0131 ve havay\u0131 tehdit etmekle kalmay\u0131p, Porsuk \u00e7ay\u0131n\u0131, Sakarya nehrini ve Karadenizi de etkileyecek boyutta bir \u00e7evre felaketinin ya\u015fanmamas\u0131n\u0131 umuyoruz.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>TMMOB Jeoloji M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131 olarak, \u00f6teden beri siyan\u00fcr li\u00e7 i\u015flemi yap\u0131lan maden i\u015fletmecili\u011finin yarataca\u011f\u0131 olumsuzluklar\u0131 ortaya koyduk, uyar\u0131 g\u00f6revimizi yerine getirdik. \u00dclkemizin d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131n\u0131 ku\u015fatan siyan\u00fcrl\u00fc alt\u0131n i\u015fletmelerinde de ayn\u0131 tehlikelerin her an s\u00f6z konusu olabilece\u011fini bir kez daha hat\u0131rlat\u0131yor ve uyar\u0131yoruz. Ya\u015fanan son olay da g\u00f6stermektedir ki sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli bir \u00e7evrede ya\u015fama hakk\u0131m\u0131z ciddi risk alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. Siyan\u00fcrleme y\u00f6ntemi uygulanan maden i\u015fletmelerinin faaliyetleri derhal durdurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>TMMOB JEOLOJ\u0130 M\u00dcHEND\u0130SLER\u0130 ODASI<\/div>\n<div>Y\u00d6NET\u0130M KURULU<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"K\u00dcTAHYA G\u00dcM\u00dc\u015eK\u00d6Y \u0130\u015eLETMES\u0130 ATIK BARAJI YA\u015eAMSAL B\u0130R R\u0130SK TA\u015eIYOR\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2010],"tags":[1373,1365],"class_list":{"0":"post-3149","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-basin-aciklamalari","8":"tag-kutahya","9":"tag-siyanur"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3149","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3149"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3149\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3149"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3149"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3149"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}