Bug\u00fcn, 5 Haziran D\u00fcnya \u00c7evre G\u00fcn\u00fc\u2026<\/p>\n
Stockholm\u2019de 1972\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ve uluslararas\u0131 alanda, \u00e7evre hakk\u0131n\u0131n dile getirildi\u011fi ilk toplant\u0131 olarak kay\u0131tlara ge\u00e7en Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler \u00c7evre ve \u0130nsan Konferans\u0131, \u00e7evre sorunlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik politika aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir milat olarak nitelendirilir. <\/p>\n
O g\u00fcn al\u0131nan bir kararla, 5 Haziran g\u00fcn\u00fc D\u00fcnya \u00c7evre G\u00fcn\u00fc olarak kabul edilir.<\/p>\n
\u00c7evre hakk\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, \u201c\u0130nsan, onurlu ve iyi bir ya\u015fam s\u00fcrmeye olanak veren nitelikli bir \u00e7evrede, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, e\u015fitlik ve yeterli ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131 temel hakk\u0131na sahiptir\u201d ilkesinin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bildirinin kabul edilmesi nedeniyle de ayr\u0131 bir \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. <\/p>\n
\u00c7evre hakk\u0131na y\u00f6nelik bu tan\u0131m\u0131n ilk kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinden 47 y\u0131l ge\u00e7mi\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u00e7evre korumaya y\u00f6nelik \u00f6nlemlerin yetersizli\u011fi bir yana \u00e7evreyi artan bir h\u0131zla kirletiyor, ya\u011fmal\u0131yor, talan ediyor, t\u00fcrlerin soyunu tehlikeye sokuyor, geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc olmayacak bir yok olu\u015fa s\u00fcr\u00fckl\u00fcyoruz. \u00c7evre koruma, giderek de\u011fi\u015fkenlik ve farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6steren eylemlilik haliyle d\u00fcnyan\u0131n neresinde olursa olsun her zamankinden daha fazla bir insan haklar\u0131 m\u00fccadelesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n
1972 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana her y\u0131l bir tema se\u00e7iliyor ve o y\u0131l\u0131n g\u00fcndemi bu tema etraf\u0131nda \u015fekilleniyor. Bu y\u0131lki 5 Haziran D\u00fcnya \u00c7evre G\u00fcn\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn temas\u0131 \u201cHava Kirlili\u011fi ile M\u00fccadele\u201d olarak belirlendi. Genelde kutlama ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda birtak\u0131m etkinliklerin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 D\u00fcnya \u00c7evre G\u00fcn\u00fc\u2019nde kutlanan tam olarak nedir hi\u00e7bir zaman anlayamad\u0131m.<\/p>\n
\u0130nsanl\u0131k \u00fczerinde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131, say\u0131s\u0131z nimetlerinden faydaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gezegeni korumak kollamak yerine can\u0131na okuduk\u00e7a okuyor. Sonra kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na ge\u00e7ip bir de \u201cne g\u00fczel kirlettik ama\u201d diye kutlama yap\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Bu y\u0131l\u0131n temas\u0131 olarak se\u00e7ilen hava kirlili\u011fi sebebiyle d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda her y\u0131l 7 milyon insan hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybediyor. Bu kay\u0131plar\u0131n 4 milyonu Asya Pasifik b\u00f6lgesinde meydana geliyor. \u0130\u015fin ironik k\u0131sm\u0131na bak\u0131n ki, bu y\u0131lki \u201ckutlamalara\u201d ev sahipli\u011fi yapmaya \u00c7in H\u00fck\u00fcmeti talip oldu.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en kirli kentlerine sahip, \u00f6zellikle end\u00fcstriyel b\u00f6lgelerde hava kirlili\u011finin y\u00fcksek alarm seviyelerine geldi\u011fi \u00fclkede bir ara \u015fi\u015felenmi\u015f temiz hava sat\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n
Oysa, temiz hava l\u00fcks de\u011fil ya da paras\u0131 olan\u0131n eri\u015febilece\u011fi bir \u015fey de\u011fil, temel bir insan hakk\u0131\u2026<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya genelinde hava kirlili\u011finin en temel sebeplerinin ba\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015fta k\u00f6m\u00fcr olmak \u00fczere fosil yak\u0131tlara dayanan \u00fcretim ve t\u00fcketim modelleri geliyor. Sanayi ve santrallerde enerji \u00fcretimi ve ula\u015f\u0131m i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan fosil yak\u0131tlara ilaveten, madencilik ve sanayi tesislerinden a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kan emisyonlar, evlerde \u0131s\u0131nma ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131lan k\u00f6m\u00fcr, in\u015faat faaliyetleri, yollardan kaynaklanan tozlar, at\u0131k ve an\u0131zlar\u0131n yak\u0131lmas\u0131 ve baz\u0131 end\u00fcstriyel tar\u0131m faaliyetleri de hava kirlili\u011fine neden olabiliyor.<\/p>\n
Bu y\u0131l D\u00fcnya \u00c7evre G\u00fcn\u00fc\u2019ne ev sahipli\u011fi yapan \u00c7in\u2019de hava kirlili\u011fi y\u00fcz\u00fcnden insan ya\u015fam\u0131 ortalama \u00fc\u00e7 sene k\u0131salm\u0131\u015f durumda. Tek ba\u015f\u0131na \u00c7in\u2019de k\u00f6m\u00fcr kaynakl\u0131 hava kirlili\u011fi sebebiyle her y\u0131l yakla\u015f\u0131k 670 bin ki\u015fi hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybediyor. Bu rakam Hindistan\u2019da 80 bin ile 115 bin aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015firken Avrupa\u2019da 23 bin 300\u2019e, ABD\u2019de ise 13 bin 200\u2019e ula\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Bug\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada her 10 ki\u015fiden dokuzu kirli hava soluyor ve hava kirlili\u011fi her y\u0131l 7 milyon erken \u00f6l\u00fcme neden oluyor. Bu saatte 800 ki\u015fi veya dakikada 13 ki\u015fi, soluduklar\u0131 kirli hava nedeniyle hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybediyor demek.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de fosil yak\u0131t kullan\u0131m\u0131ndan kaynaklanan hava kirlili\u011fi hem sa\u011fl\u0131k hem de \u00e7evre \u00fczerinde ciddi etkilere sahip.<\/p>\n
Temiz Hava Hakk\u0131 Platformu taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan \u201cHava Kirlili\u011fi ve Sa\u011fl\u0131k Etkileri: Kara Rapor\u201da g\u00f6re, 2017\u2019de ya\u015fanan 30 ya\u015f \u00fcst\u00fc toplam 399 bin 25 \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn, 51 bin 574\u2019\u00fc hava kirlili\u011finden kaynakland\u0131. Yine ayn\u0131 y\u0131l\u0131n verilerine g\u00f6re, hava kirlili\u011fi nedeniyle en fazla \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk \u00fc\u00e7 il \u0130stanbul (5 bin 851), Bursa (3 bin 98) ve Ankara (2 bin 139) oldu.<\/p>\n
(T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin farkl\u0131 \u015fehirlerindeki hava kalitesiyle ilgili bilgiye \u015fu web sitesinden ula\u015f\u0131labilirsiniz)<\/p>\n
\u00d6te yandan Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler\u2019in verilerine g\u00f6re, \u0130stanbul\u2019daki hava kirlili\u011fi, kabul edilebilir seviyenin 3.3 kat \u00fczerinde. Hava kirlili\u011fi kaynakl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin, il baz\u0131ndaki toplam \u00f6l\u00fcmlere oran\u0131 en fazla olan iller I\u011fd\u0131r, Kahramanmara\u015f ve Afyon.<\/p>\n
Kirli hava T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 52 bin ki\u015finin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne neden oldu. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de hava kirlili\u011finden \u00f6lenlerin say\u0131s\u0131 trafik kazalar\u0131nda hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybedenlerin yedi kat\u0131. 2017\u2019de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de hava kirlili\u011fi D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn k\u0131lavuz de\u011ferlerine indirilseydi, \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin y\u00fczde 13\u2019\u00fc engellenebilirdi.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de maalesef, hava kirlili\u011finin \u00fcstesinden gelmek i\u00e7in politikalar yeterli de\u011fil.<\/p>\n
Hava kirlili\u011fine neden olan sessiz katil, bir kum tanesinden bile k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck par\u00e7ac\u0131k madde olan PM2,5. D\u00fcnyada PM2,5 kirlili\u011finin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kapsaml\u0131 politikalar \u00fcretilirken, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de t\u00fcm \u00fclkeyi kapsayan PM2,5 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc yap\u0131lm\u0131yor. Bu kirletici maddenin insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyecek herhangi bir hukuksal d\u00fczenleme yok. \u00dcstelik, insanlar ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 b\u00f6lgede, o g\u00fcn havan\u0131n kirli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenebilecekleri eri\u015filebilir bilgilendirme ara\u00e7lar\u0131na da sahip de\u011fil.<\/p>\n
H\u00e2l b\u00f6yleyken, orman varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 korumak bir yana s\u00fcrekli sanayile\u015fme, kentle\u015fme ve insan bask\u0131s\u0131yla ormanlar\u0131 tahrip ediyor, kentlerin havas\u0131n\u0131n iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in yap\u0131lacak ula\u015f\u0131m politikalar\u0131 yerine trafi\u011fi yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131ran uygulamalar\u0131 tercih ediyor, k\u00f6m\u00fcrden vazge\u00e7emiyor, atmosfere karbon emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 sald\u0131k\u00e7a sal\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n
Bu \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda \u00e7evreye, do\u011faya ve mahvetti\u011fimiz d\u00fcnyaya dair kutlanacak bir \u015fey yok b\u0131rakal\u0131m birileri y\u0131lda bir g\u00fcn yine hobi olarak \u00e7evrecilik oynas\u0131n\u2026<\/p>\n
* * *<\/p>\n
\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Hasankeyf K\u00fcresel Eylem G\u00fcn\u00fc\u2019ne \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n Hasankeyf\u2019in su alt\u0131nda kalmamas\u0131 ve Dicle Nehri\u2019nin \u00f6zg\u00fcr akmas\u0131 i\u00e7in 7-8 Haziran tarihlerinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecek K\u00fcresel Eylem G\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7in, Hasankeyf Ya\u015fatma Giri\u015fimi ve Mezopotamya Ekoloji Hareketi \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 yapt\u0131. Bu \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131ya destek verelim:<\/p>\n \u201c12 bin y\u0131ll\u0131k antik kent Hasankeyf\u2019i, 199 k\u00f6y\u00fc ve \u00fcst\u00fcn biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fe sahip Dicle Vadisi\u2019ni sular alt\u0131nda b\u0131rakacak olan Il\u0131su Baraj\u0131 projesinde sona gelindi. S\u0131n\u0131r a\u015fan bir su olan Dicle Nehri \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan Il\u0131su Baraj\u0131 sadece b\u00f6lge halk\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkiye halklar\u0131na y\u0131k\u0131m getirmeyecek, ayn\u0131 zamanda Irak ve Suriye haklar\u0131na da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir y\u0131k\u0131m getirecek.<\/p>\n H\u00fck\u00fcmet yetkilileri 10 Haziran 2019 tarihinde Il\u0131su Baraj\u0131\u2019nda suyun tutulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Yerel halk ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 yerlerinde pek \u00e7ok grup, 20 y\u0131ld\u0131r bu projeye kar\u015f\u0131 eylemler ve kampanyalar y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyor. Bu kampanyalarla baz\u0131 kazan\u0131mlar elde edilse de devlet yetkilileri k\u00f6r, sa\u011f\u0131r ve dilsiz rol\u00fc oynayarak, yasalar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirerek ve yeni kaynaklar bularak projeye devam etti. 2017\u2019den bu yana k\u00fclt\u00fcrel varl\u0131klar do\u011fal ortamlar\u0131ndan yapay alanlara ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131, vadi ve ma\u011faralar milyonlarca metrek\u00fcp dolgu ile dolduruldu, kayalar patlay\u0131c\u0131larla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc ve restorasyon ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda tahribatlar yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n Su tutulmas\u0131yla beraber Dicle Nehri\u2019nin do\u011fal ekosistemi y\u00fczlerce kilometre boyunca bozulacak. Hasankeyf\u2019in d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Yukar\u0131 Mezopotamya\u2019da ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara konu bile ol(a)mayan y\u00fczlerce h\u00f6y\u00fck ve antik yerler de k\u00fclt\u00fcrel k\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n hedefinde yer al\u0131yor. B\u00f6lgede yap\u0131lan di\u011fer baraj projelerinde deneyimlendi\u011fi ve g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere; Il\u0131su Baraj\u0131 projesi de sosyal, ekonomik, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve ekolojik k\u0131r\u0131mlara neden olacak. Dicle Nehri ile b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fen k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve do\u011fal miras alan\u0131 olan Hasankeyf\u2019in jeostratejik, ekonomik ve siyasi \u00e7\u0131karlar u\u011fruna geri d\u00f6n\u00fclemez \u00e7ok boyutlu y\u0131k\u0131mlara maruz b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n Il\u0131su Baraj\u0131 projesinde sona yakla\u015f\u0131lsa da, zarar\u0131n neresinden d\u00f6n\u00fcl\u00fcrse k\u00e2rd\u0131r.<\/p>\n A\u0130HM\u2019in Hasankeyf karar\u0131 da g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Hasankeyf\u2019in ve Dicle Vadisi\u2019nin sular alt\u0131nda kalmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyecek kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 toplumsal bir m\u00fccadeleye gereksinim vard\u0131r. Daha \u00f6nce iki kez yap\u0131lan Hasankeyf K\u00fcresel Eylem G\u00fcn\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc 7-8 Haziran\u2019da d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 yerlerinde eylem ve etkinliklerle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecek.<\/p>\n 10 Haziran\u2019da suyun tutulmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131, Hasankeyf\u2019in ya\u015famas\u0131 ve Dicle Nehri\u2019nin \u00f6zg\u00fcr akmas\u0131 i\u00e7in b\u00fct\u00fcn kurumlar\u0131, STK\u2019lar\u0131, \u00f6rg\u00fctleri 7-8 Haziran\u2019da s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6ylemeye ve bu y\u0131k\u0131ma kar\u015f\u0131 ses olmaya davet ediyoruz. <\/p>\n Hasankeyf ve Dicle Vadisi\u2019ne \u00c7\u0131\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve Feryad\u0131na Ses Ol!<\/p>\n \u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Ortak Tarihine, Do\u011fam\u0131za ve K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcze Sahip \u00c7\u0131kal\u0131m!\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Bug\u00fcn, 5 Haziran D\u00fcnya \u00c7evre G\u00fcn\u00fc\u2026 Stockholm\u2019de 1972\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ve uluslararas\u0131 alanda,…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":31572,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4689],"tags":[692],"class_list":{"0":"post-31571","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-secki","8":"tag-dunya-cevre-gunu"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31571","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31571"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31571\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31572"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31571"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31571"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31571"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}