{"id":32931,"date":"2020-03-21T17:03:35","date_gmt":"2020-03-21T14:03:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/\/?p=32931"},"modified":"2020-03-21T17:13:55","modified_gmt":"2020-03-21T14:13:55","slug":"kurutulan-goller-su-tutmayan-goletler-1071-golet-kimin-icin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/kurutulan-goller-su-tutmayan-goletler-1071-golet-kimin-icin\/","title":{"rendered":"Kurutulan g\u00f6ller, su tutmayan g\u00f6letler: 1071 g\u00f6let kimin i\u00e7in? – Zeynel Emino\u011flu \/ G\u00f6khan Mar\u0131m"},"content":{"rendered":"

Herkes i\u00e7in tek g\u00fcndem var art\u0131k, koronavir\u00fcs. Hayat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ortas\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc ve yay\u0131lmaya da devam ediyor. Vir\u00fcs salg\u0131n\u0131ndan hemen \u00f6nce u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z dertlerimiz ise bitmedi ama s\u0131rada bekliyor. Hi\u00e7bir zaman g\u00fcndemini kaybetmeyecek kadar \u00f6nemli her birimiz i\u00e7in; su ve su varl\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131z. <\/p>\n

Kanal \u0130stanbul, mega projeler ve etraf\u0131ndaki arsa rantlar\u0131 derken yine s\u0131k\u00e7a dile getirdik su varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131. Sular\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n iyi y\u00f6netilmedi\u011fi her \u00f6rnekte daha fazla ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Bir yanda b\u00fcy\u00fck kentlerimiz i\u00e7mesuyu bulmakta zorlan\u0131rken, di\u011fer yanda biraz fazla ya\u011fan ya\u011fmurla caddeler g\u00f6le d\u00f6n\u00fcyor. Suyun azl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da fazlal\u0131\u011f\u0131 da y\u00f6netilemiyor bu \u00fclkede. Do\u011fu Karadeniz\u2019de dere yataklar\u0131 HES\u2019ler ile kurutulurken, G\u00f6ller b\u00f6lgesi olarak bilinen Isparta, Burdur\u2019daki g\u00f6llerimiz su varl\u0131klar\u0131na yap\u0131lan g\u00f6letler nedeniyle kurutuluyor. <\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u00fc planlanmadan yap\u0131lan, m\u00fcteahhitlere i\u015f olana\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flayan bir k\u0131sm\u0131 su dahi tutamam\u0131\u015f, kurumu\u015f; ad\u0131na 1000 g\u00fcnde, 1071 g\u00fcnde 1000 g\u00f6let projesi dedikleri projelere daha yak\u0131ndan bakal\u0131m. <\/p>\n

Kim i\u00e7in 1071 G\u00f6let ?<\/strong><\/p>\n

2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda d\u00f6nemin Orman ve Su \u0130\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Veysel Ero\u011flu 1000 g\u00fcnde 1000 G\u00f6let projesini duyurdu. Proje daha sonra b\u00fcy\u00fck sulama alanlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan arazileri sulamak i\u00e7in uygulamaya koyulan 1.000 g\u00fcnde 1.071 G\u00f6let ve Sulamas\u0131 Projesi (G\u00d6L-SU)\u2019ne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Projenin 2019 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n sonuna kadar tamamlanaca\u011f\u0131 bilgisi DS\u0130 taraf\u0131ndan payla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Ancak daha sonra hedeflere ula\u015f\u0131lamay\u0131nca tersip bendi ve i\u00e7me suyu tesisleri gibi tesisler de bu tesislere eklenerek projede de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu hedefler hi\u00e7 bir zaman yakalanamad\u0131 daha vahimi bu g\u00f6letlerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 su tutmad\u0131 ya da ge\u00e7irimlilik problemleri nedeniyle istenen su seviyelerine hi\u00e7bir zaman \u00e7\u0131kamad\u0131. Afyon\u2019da Akde\u011firmen Baraj\u0131, \u0130stanbul\u2019da Melen Baraj\u0131, \u0130zmir\u2019de G\u00f6rdes Baraj\u0131, Sakarya\u2019da Ayd\u0131nlar G\u00f6leti, Kars\u2019da Selim Bayburt Baraj\u0131, Karam\u00fcrsel\u2019de K\u0131zderbent G\u00f6leti gibi bir \u00e7ok g\u00f6let ve baraj ya su tutamad\u0131 ya da su ka\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131. Yap\u0131lan yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 bo\u015fa gitti, kamu zarara u\u011frad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu projelerde su varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespiti genellikle, (AG\u0130) Ak\u0131m G\u00f6zlem \u0130stasyonlar\u0131’na dayanm\u0131yor, m\u00fcnferit olarak ayda bir kez olmak \u00fczere sadece bir ya da iki y\u0131l yap\u0131lan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlere dayan\u0131yor. \u00d6l\u00e7meden, mansap ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n ve \u00e7evresel \u015fartlar\u0131n yeterince dikkate al\u0131nmadan, b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u00fc planlanma olmadan in\u015fa edilen bu g\u00f6letler Eber, Burdur G\u00f6l\u00fc gibi do\u011fal koruma alanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kuruttu ya da kurutma a\u015famas\u0131na getirdi.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6l\u00fcn do\u011fal su varl\u0131klar\u0131, nehirlerin \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan bu baraj ve g\u00f6letler, g\u00f6l\u00fc besleyen nehirlerin sular\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00f6llerin kurumas\u0131 riskini olu\u015fturdu. <\/p>\n

G\u00f6ller y\u00f6resi olarak bilinen b\u00f6lge, 1000 g\u00fcnde 1000 g\u00f6let projelerinin tehdidi alt\u0131nda kald\u0131. <\/p>\n

DS\u0130 Isparta B\u00f6lge eski \u00c7evre ve Orman Bakan\u0131 Veysel Ero\u011flu\u2019nun Afyon\u2019lu olmas\u0131 sebebiyle de \u201cBakan B\u00f6lgesi\u201d olarak da an\u0131l\u0131yor. <\/p>\n

G\u00f6letler g\u00f6lleri mi kurutuyor?<\/strong><\/p>\n

DS\u0130 Isparta B\u00f6lgesinde G\u00f6l-Su projeleri kapsam\u0131nda 120\u2019ye yak\u0131n tesis hayata ge\u00e7irildi, bunlar\u0131n 50 adedi g\u00f6let projeleri. Bu g\u00f6letlerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 g\u00f6ller y\u00f6resindeki g\u00f6llerin su kayna\u011f\u0131 nehirler \u00fczerine yap\u0131ld\u0131. <\/p>\n

A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekilde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere Akar\u00e7ay nehri ile beslenen Eber G\u00f6l\u00fc membas\u0131nda Akar\u00e7ay\u2019\u0131n kolu Nacak \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde Akde\u011firmen Baraj\u0131, Akar\u00e7ay\u2019\u0131n kolu Seyitler Deresi \u00fczerinde Seyitler Baraj\u0131, Akar\u00e7ay\u2019\u0131n kolu \u00c7ay Deresi \u00fczerinde \u00c7ay Baraj\u0131 bulunuyor. Yani Eber g\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fc besleyen t\u00fcm kollar \u00fczerinde barajlar bulunuyor. Bu barajlar i\u00e7mesuyu ve sulama ama\u00e7l\u0131 barajlard\u0131r. G\u00f6llere gelen yakla\u015f\u0131k 100 milyon m\u00b3 barajlar ile a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 sulama olmak \u00fczere i\u00e7mesuyu i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131yor (\u015eekil 1). <\/p>\n

2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda DS\u0130 taraf\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131lan master planda da Eber g\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn su b\u00fct\u00e7esinde kritik durumda oldu\u011fu tespit edildi. Y\u00f6rede yeralt\u0131 suyunun bilin\u00e7sizce yo\u011fun kullan\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6l su seviyesinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc artarak devam etti. O zamandan bu zamana hangi \u00f6nlemlerin al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayr\u0131 bir tart\u0131\u015fma konusudur.
\n\"\"
\n\"\"\"\"<\/p>\n

\u015eekil 2\u2019de g\u00f6r\u00fclen Ak\u015fehir G\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn 1984 y\u0131l\u0131ndan 2012 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar olan zamanda s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fimi g\u00f6llerimizin nas\u0131l bir tehdit alt\u0131nda oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir <\/p>\n

\u015eekil 3\u2019te g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere Eber g\u00f6l\u00fc tamamen kurudu. <\/p>\n

G\u00f6lleri, su varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 tehdit al\u0131na alan 1000 g\u00fcnde 1000 g\u00f6let projeleri, tar\u0131mda da \u00f6nemli bir fayda sa\u011flamad\u0131. G\u00f6rece tar\u0131msal \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin rekoltesinde art\u0131 katk\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. Ancak, tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin fiyatlar\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f, halk\u0131n al\u0131m g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u00fc\u015fmesi sonucunda tar\u0131m politikalar\u0131 da iflas etti.
\n\"\"<\/p>\n

\u015eekil 4\u2019te g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere havzada yeralt\u0131 sular\u0131n\u0131n sulamada kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 her y\u0131l artt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u015fekilde kullan\u0131m miktar\u0131n\u0131n da artmas\u0131 g\u00f6llerin kurumas\u0131na neden oldu. Bu \u015fekilde kullan\u0131m yerine, sulama sistemlerinin modernize edilmesi ve su tasarrufunun art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 az olan verimli kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken yeralt\u0131 ve yer\u00fcst\u00fc su varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n verimli kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 hedeflenmelidir.<\/p>\n

Mevcut siyasal iktidar\u0131n 2023 hedefleri kapsam\u0131nda yer alan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n 5 b\u00fcy\u00fck tar\u0131m \u00fcreticilerinden biri haline getirme fikrine dayand\u0131r\u0131lan proje \u015fu anki \u015fekliyle 2020\u2019nin sonunu 700-800 g\u00f6letle kar\u015f\u0131layabilecek gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Bu yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n ne kadar katk\u0131 de\u011fer \u00fcretece\u011fi ise ayr\u0131 bir tart\u0131\u015fma konusudur. <\/p>\n

Tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimin \u00fcr\u00fcn \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi ve verimlili\u011fi alan\u0131nda \u00fclkemiz ko\u015fullar\u0131 i\u00e7in uygunlu\u011fu bir yana b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u00fc ve planl\u0131 bir tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim plan\u0131n\u0131n, bak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n olmay\u0131\u015f\u0131 bu alanda ilerleme yerine ithalata ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 bir alana d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme sebep oluyor. Tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimin tarlalardan sofralara uzanan b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kamusal bir anlay\u0131\u015fla \u00f6rg\u00fctlemeye ba\u015faramayan hi\u00e7bir politika ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olamaz, olamayacak. \u00c7ift\u00e7inin sermaye ve arac\u0131lar eliyle s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen \u00fcretimi; azalan te\u015fvikler, taban fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrekli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, al\u0131m desteklerinin b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131, hibrit tohumlar vb. bir\u00e7ok gerek\u00e7eyle yara almay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcrken, sulama ama\u00e7l\u0131 g\u00f6letlerle tar\u0131m\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fctme amac\u0131na ne kadar ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayr\u0131ca soru i\u015faretidir. <\/p>\n

Su varl\u0131klar\u0131 yok ediliyor<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00dclkenin mevcut su varl\u0131klar\u0131na bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 da tar\u0131msal \u00fcretime bak\u0131\u015fa benzerlikler g\u00f6steren \u00e7eli\u015fmelerle doludur. Su varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n enerji temelli kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 ba\u015fta tar\u0131m olmak \u00fczere k\u00fcresel iklim dengelerinden, kullan\u0131labilir su oran\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131zl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnden vb. di\u011fer etmenlerden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z, plans\u0131z ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fcz yat\u0131r\u0131m ara\u00e7lar\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. <\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl bak\u0131\u015f yoksa kamu zarar\u0131 var<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak, b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u00fc planlama yapmadan, gerekli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmler yap\u0131lmadan siyasi rant u\u011fruna talana d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen 1000 g\u00fcnde 1000 g\u00f6let gibi say\u0131 \u00fczerinden y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen projeler durdurulmal\u0131, su varl\u0131klar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u00fc planlama yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dclkemizin her taraf\u0131ndan do\u011fan\u0131n talan edilmesine y\u00f6nelik projelere itirazlar y\u00fckseliyor. Bir yanda Kazda\u011flar\u0131’nda \u00c7anakkale \u015fehrinin tek su varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tehdit eden siyan\u00fcr ile alt\u0131n arama faaliyetleri, di\u011fer yanda Eski\u015fehir\u2019de Alpu Ovas\u0131’n\u0131n Termik Santrali, Kuzey Ormanlar\u0131’nda Kanal ile tehdit edilen \u0130stanbul’un su damarlar\u0131 ve Salda G\u00f6l\u00fc’ne millet bah\u00e7esi projesi gelece\u011fimizi, do\u011fam\u0131z\u0131 tehdit ediyor. Kamu do\u011fay\u0131 korumakla sorumludur oysa \u00fclkemizde do\u011fay\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in yurtta\u015flar devletle m\u00fccadele ediyor. <\/p>\n

Gerek tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimden gerekse bu \u00fcretimin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan bir proje olarak bahsedip y\u0131llar\u0131 ve b\u00fcy\u00fck miktar yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 gerektiren planlamalar mevcut iktidar\u0131n ba\u015farabilece\u011fi ad\u0131mlar olmaktan \u00e7ok uzakt\u0131r. Zira, tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimin \u00f6nemine bu denli vurgu yap\u0131lan proje tan\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131ndan sonra haberlerde \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc yok fiyata satmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan, satamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc banka \u00f6nlerinde yakan daha da \u00f6tesi bor\u00e7lar\u0131ndan kaynakl\u0131 intihar eden \u00e7ift\u00e7iler g\u00f6rmezdik. <\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn toplumsal m\u00fccadelelerle, ekoloji m\u00fccadelelerini birle\u015ftirecek ortak fikirlere ve hareketlere ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z var. \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki d\u00f6nemlerde de do\u011fa m\u00fccadeleleri hep g\u00fcndemimizde olacak gibi\u2026<\/p>\n

Zeynel Emino\u011flu
\nG\u00f6khan Mar\u0131m<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Herkes i\u00e7in tek g\u00fcndem var art\u0131k, koronavir\u00fcs. Hayat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ortas\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc ve yay\u0131lmaya…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":32936,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4723,1991,4725],"tags":[5053,5052,5051,3712,5050],"class_list":{"0":"post-32931","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-kent-ve-doga-yazilar","8":"category-yazilar","9":"category-su-kent-ve-doga-yazilar","10":"tag-1071-golet","11":"tag-golet-projesi","12":"tag-goletler","13":"tag-manset","14":"tag-su-varliklari"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32931","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32931"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32931\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32936"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32931"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32931"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32931"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}