\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilk \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131nda at\u0131k sular sokaklara ve derelere at\u0131larak tasfiye edilirdi. Bu nedenle salg\u0131nlar ve bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131klar yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131. Orta\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n sonuna do\u011fru a\u00e7\u0131lan kanallarla at\u0131k sular\u0131n en \u00e7abuk \u015fekilde yerle\u015fim merkezlerinden uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Sanayi devrimiyle birlikte kentle\u015fme, at\u0131k sular\u0131n tasfiyesi ve sular\u0131n korunmas\u0131 \u00f6nem kazand\u0131. <\/p>\n
\u00dclkemizde ise at\u0131k sular\u0131n ar\u0131t\u0131lmadan al\u0131c\u0131 ortama de\u015farj\u0131n\u0131n yasaklanmas\u0131 1983 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren 2872 say\u0131l\u0131 \u00c7evre Kanunu ve ilgili y\u00f6netmelikleri h\u00fck\u00fcmleri ile hayata ge\u00e7irilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Buna ra\u011fmen belediye stat\u00fcs\u00fcnde bulunan yerle\u015fim yerlerinin yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde ellisinde evsel nitelikli at\u0131ksular hi\u00e7bir ar\u0131tma y\u00f6ntemi uygulanmadan al\u0131c\u0131 ortama de\u015farj ediliyor. <\/p>\n
12 Aral\u0131k 2019 tarihinde \u00c7in\u2019in Wuhan kentinde tespit edilen koronavir\u00fcs (COVID-19) sang\u0131n\u0131 milyonlarca insanda solunum yolu rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131, a\u00e7maya devam ediyor. Bilim insanlar\u0131 vir\u00fcs\u00fc, yay\u0131lma yollar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Bunlardan biri de at\u0131k sular. Hollanda\u2019da 7 \u015fehrin at\u0131k sular\u0131nda koronavir\u00fcs tespit edilmesinin ard\u0131ndan harekete ge\u00e7en Tar\u0131m ve Orman Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u015fehir at\u0131k sular\u0131nda yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 analizlerde koronavir\u00fcs\u00fcn 100 g\u00fcne kadar at\u0131k suda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit ettiklerini kamuoyuna a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Bu \u00f6zellikle ar\u0131tma tesisi olmayan sahil beldelerinin koronavir\u00fcs ko\u015fullar\u0131nda halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tehlikeye ataca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n
Hangi \u00f6nlemler al\u0131nmal\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n Halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla ar\u0131tma tesislerinin kurulmas\u0131 ve do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde i\u015fletilmesi \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli. Peki ar\u0131tma sistemleri koronavir\u00fcs g\u00fcnlerinde hangi ko\u015fullar\u0131 sa\u011flamal\u0131, nas\u0131l \u00f6nlemler al\u0131nmal\u0131; maddele\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fal\u0131m.<\/p>\n – Ar\u0131tma sistemlerinde kullan\u0131lan \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fcrme ya da filtrasyon y\u00f6ntemi ile koronavir\u00fcs\u00fcn sudan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, vir\u00fcs\u00fcn boyutundan kaynakl\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n – E\u011fer mevcut ar\u0131tma tesislerinin vir\u00fcs\u00fcn giderilmesi i\u00e7in revize edilmesi gerekiyorsa at\u0131k su de\u015farj \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131na ilave bir dezenfeksiyon \u00fcnite kurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n – Ultrafiltrasyon membranlar\u0131n ve UV dezenfeksiyonunun vir\u00fcslerin yok edilmesinde etkin bir y\u00f6ntem oldu\u011fu bilindi\u011finden ar\u0131tma tesisi \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131na dezenfeksiyon \u00fcnitesi kurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n – \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f sular\u0131nda yap\u0131lacak analizler yoluyla \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f sular\u0131n\u0131n kalitesinin d\u00fczenli olarak izlenmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n – Bir\u00e7ok at\u0131k su ar\u0131tma tesisinin dezenfeksiyon \u00fcnitelerinin ekonomik maliyet nedeniyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya da do\u011fru \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 biliniyor. Bu hususta denetimler s\u0131kla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131 ve cezai m\u00fceyyideler uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n – At\u0131k sular\u0131n al\u0131c\u0131 ortamlara de\u015farj\u0131nda uyulmas\u0131 gereken standart de\u011ferler, Su Kirlili\u011finin Kontrol\u00fc Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi Sekt\u00f6r Tablolar\u0131\u2019nda belirtilen limit de\u011ferleri a\u015fmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n – At\u0131ksu ar\u0131tma tesisi \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131nda dezenfeksiyon i\u015flemi uygulanmayan at\u0131ksular ye\u015fil alan veya bah\u00e7e sulamas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n – At\u0131ksu toplama sistemi bulunmayan ve in\u015faas\u0131n\u0131n da m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 birbirinden uzak m\u00fcnferit evler, k\u00f6yler ve mezralar gibi yerlerde yerinde ar\u0131tma sistemleri uygulanmal\u0131. Bu uygulamalarda 19\/3\/1971 tarihli ve 13783 say\u0131l\u0131 Resm\u00ee Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f bulunan \u201cLa\u011f\u0131m Mecras\u0131 \u0130n\u015faas\u0131 M\u00fcmk\u00fcn Olmayan Yerlerde Yap\u0131lacak \u00c7ukurlara Ait Y\u00f6netmelik\u201d h\u00fck\u00fcmleri ge\u00e7erli olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n – K\u0131r\u0131k, ka\u00e7ak ve \u00e7atlak olan at\u0131ksu borular\u0131 onar\u0131lmal\u0131, at\u0131ksular\u0131n kanalizasyon sistemi d\u0131\u015f\u0131na yay\u0131lmas\u0131 acilen engellenmelidir.<\/p>\n – Standartlara uymayan geli\u015fi g\u00fczel in\u015fa edilmi\u015f su \u015febekesi ve kanalizasyon altyap\u0131lar\u0131 olan plans\u0131z yerle\u015fim b\u00f6lgelerinde su veya at\u0131ksu altyap\u0131lar\u0131 acilen standartlara uyumlu hale getirilmelidir.<\/p>\n – At\u0131ksu ar\u0131tma tesisinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n at\u0131ksu ile do\u011frudan temastan ve solunmas\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak g\u00fcvenli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131 olu\u015fturulmal\u0131, ki\u015fisel koruyucu donan\u0131mlar\u0131 kullanmalar\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n – Koronavir\u00fcs g\u00fcnlerinde at\u0131k sular\u0131n halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tehlike bar\u0131nd\u0131rmamas\u0131 konusunda sorumluluk \u00c7evre ve \u015eehircilik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019ndad\u0131r. Konuyla ilgili denetim g\u00f6revini sa\u011flamamas\u0131 durumunda yaz aylar\u0131yla birlikte olu\u015fabilecek temas sonras\u0131 salg\u0131n tehlikesinden bizzat Bakanl\u0131k sorumludur.<\/p>\n Halil Korut\u00fcrk \u00d6zcan \/ \u00c7evre M\u00fchendisi<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilk \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131nda at\u0131k sular sokaklara ve derelere at\u0131larak tasfiye edilirdi. Bu…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":33384,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4723,1991,4725],"tags":[5136,5135,5137,5044,5134,3712],"class_list":{"0":"post-33383","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-kent-ve-doga-yazilar","8":"category-yazilar","9":"category-su-kent-ve-doga-yazilar","10":"tag-aritma-tesisleri","11":"tag-atik-su","12":"tag-atik-su-sistemleri","13":"tag-koronavirus","14":"tag-koronavirus-atik-su","15":"tag-manset"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33383","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33383"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33383\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/33384"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33383"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33383"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33383"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}