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Yazar\u0131m\u0131z Ertu\u011frul Bilir’in Makine MO’nun “Alt\u0131 Sigma-Yal\u0131n Konferans\u0131” \u00fczerine yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Konferans\u0131n Dan\u0131\u015fma Kurulu \u00fcyesi Se\u00e7kin \u015ei\u015fmano\u011flu taraf\u0131ndan polemi\u011fe \u00e7evrilen ele\u015ftiri yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ikincisini okurlar\u0131m\u0131zla payla\u015f\u0131yoruz…<\/p>\n
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\u201cMMO\u2019nun \u201cAlt\u0131 Sigma-Yal\u0131n Konferanslar\u0131\u201d \u00dczerine[1]<\/a> \/ 2 (A\u011fustos 2008) <\/p>\n B\u0130R D\u00dcKKANCI B\u0130LE B\u0130L\u0130R K\u0130\u2026.<\/strong><\/p>\n MMO\u2019nun \u201cAlt\u0131 Sigma-Yal\u0131n Konferanslar\u0131\u201d \u00fczerine Nisan ay\u0131nda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131m ve daha sonra BirG\u00fcn gazetesinde bir k\u0131sm\u0131 yay\u0131nlan\u0131p, di\u011fer k\u0131sm\u0131 yay\u0131nlanmayan[2]<\/a> yaz\u0131ya s\u00f6zkonusu konferans\u0131n Dan\u0131\u015fmanlar Kurulu \u00fcyesi Se\u00e7kin \u015ei\u015fmano\u011flu taraf\u0131ndan \u201cEy m\u00fchendis, titre ve dikkat et!\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir polemik yaz\u0131s\u0131yla cevap geldi.[3]<\/a> Arkada\u015f\u0131m\u0131z sa\u011folsun, bir \u00e7ok ki\u015finin s\u00f6zl\u00fc olarak ifade etti\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri yazarak tart\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrme olana\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f oldu..<\/p>\n Zira Se\u00e7kin \u015ei\u015fmano\u011flu\u2019nun savunduklar\u0131, bir k\u0131s\u0131m m\u00fchendis taraf\u0131ndan yer yer ifade edilen fikirlerin rastgele derlenmesi olmaktan \u00f6te, m\u00fchendis odalar\u0131nda etkili bir ak\u0131m\u0131n par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00d6rne\u011fin TMMOB ad\u0131na Petrol-\u0130\u015f 97-99 y\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanan yaz\u0131 \u201cB\u00fct\u00fcn bu nedenlerle, esnek \u00fcretim sistemlerinin geli\u015fmesi \u00fclkemizin bilim, teknoloji ve sanayile\u015fme politikalar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde \u00f6nemli bir alan olmak durumundad\u0131r ve bu alana gereken ilgi g\u00f6sterilmek zorundad\u0131r\u201d[4]<\/a> denilmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n 1999 y\u0131l\u0131nda MMO Ankara \u015eubesi taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen bir s\u00f6yle\u015fide MMO eski Genel Sekreterlerinden Serdar Tan TKY\u2019yi savunarak \u201cToplam Kalite Y\u00f6netimi \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r; i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ideolojisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da \u00e7ok sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r, ne yaz\u0131k ki bunu ba\u015fkalar\u0131 kullan\u0131yor\u201d[5]<\/a> demi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Se\u00e7kin \u015ei\u015fmano\u011flu\u2019nu m\u00fchendisler i\u00e7inde yayg\u0131n bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce bi\u00e7iminin temsilcisi olarak de\u011ferlendirip, tart\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z <\/p>\n Tart\u0131\u015fal\u0131m\u2026 Yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131 d\u00fczeltelim\u2026 Solun s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 netle\u015ftirelim\u2026<\/p>\n Karar S\u00fcre\u00e7lerine Kat\u0131l\u0131m<\/strong><\/p>\n S\u0131n\u0131f iktidar\u0131n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131 ve y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesinin temel \u015fartlar\u0131ndan birisi bu s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn toplumun \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131 olarak sunabilmesidir (hegemonya), bir di\u011feri ise onun egemenli\u011fini kabul etmeyenlere kar\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131lacak zor ayg\u0131tlar\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Hegemonya kuvvetlendi\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde zor ayg\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 ortadan kalkmazsa da, azal\u0131r. Mevcut durumda liberal solun, b\u00fct\u00fcn tart\u0131\u015fmalarda egemenlerin bir kanad\u0131na eklemlenme zorunlulu\u011funu hissetmesi b\u00f6yle bir hegemonyay\u0131 yans\u0131t\u0131yor.<\/p>\n Marx ve Engels \u201cg\u00fcndelik ya\u015famda, herhangi bir d\u00fckkanc\u0131, bir kimsenin oldu\u011funu iddia etti\u011fi ile ger\u00e7ekten oldu\u011fu aras\u0131nda ayr\u0131m yapmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok iyi bilir; ama bizim tarihimiz hen\u00fcz bu basit bilince ula\u015fmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u201d[6]<\/a> yazarken, \u00e7e\u015fitli m\u00fchendislik e\u011fitimleri alm\u0131\u015f olanlar\u0131n, kapitalist \u00fcretim teknikleri i\u00e7in g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bile bu ayr\u0131m\u0131 yapamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebilir miydi acaba?<\/p>\n BirG\u00fcn gazetesinin spota koydu\u011fu c\u00fcmle ger\u00e7ekten \u00f6nemli: \u201cBirG\u00fcn\u2019de yay\u0131mlanan makale sayesinde \u00f6\u011frendik ki \u2018Yal\u0131n \u00dcretim\u2019, \u20186 Sigma\u2019, \u2018Toplam Kalite Y\u00f6netimi\u2019 gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n karar s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131<\/u> (ab\u00e7) olmadan asla ba\u015far\u0131lamayacak verimlilik tekniklerinin sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yararlar, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n kafas\u0131n\u0131 buland\u0131r\u0131yor(!)<\/em>\u201d <\/p>\n Ger\u00e7ek ile g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc, asli kararlar ile tali kararlar aras\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir ayr\u0131m yapmaz isek buradaki iddia do\u011frudur. Bu \u00fcretim y\u00f6ntemleri, savunanlar\u0131n iddialar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u201c\u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n karar s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131\u201dn\u0131 \u015fart ko\u015fmaktad\u0131r. S\u00f6zkonusu iddia bu \u00fcretim tekniklerini pazarlayan \u201cguru\u201dlar\u0131n \u00e7ok kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir slogand\u0131r. <\/p>\n \u0130lgin\u00e7tir, bug\u00fcn topa tutulan Frederick W. Taylor da kendi y\u00f6netim sistemini benzer iddialarla sunmu\u015ftu:<\/p>\n \u201cY\u00f6netim ve i\u015f\u00e7iler aras\u0131ndaki bu yak\u0131n, i\u00e7ten ve ki\u015fisel i\u015fbirli\u011fi, modern bilimsel y\u00f6netimin ya da \u201cg\u00f6rev y\u00f6netimi\u201dnin (task management) esas\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d[7]<\/a><\/p>\n \u201cHepsinden \u00f6te, bu \u00f6zel m\u00fckafat i\u015fverenin i\u015f\u00e7isiyle sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 dost\u00e7a ki\u015fisel ilgisiyle b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirilmeli ve bu ilgi hakikaten samimi ve nazik\u00e7e i\u015f\u00e7inin refah\u0131 i\u00e7in olmal\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d[8]<\/a><\/p>\n Taylor\u2019un bilimsel bir y\u00f6netim i\u00e7in s\u0131ralad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6rt temel ilkeden birisi \u201c\u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerle, yap\u0131lan b\u00fct\u00fcn i\u015fin geli\u015ftirilmesi bilimsel ilkelerle uyumlu olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak bi\u00e7imde samimi bir i\u015fbirli\u011fine gidilir\u201d[9]<\/a> \u015feklindedir. <\/p>\n Taylor bunlarla da kalmam\u0131\u015f sundu\u011fu y\u00f6netim sisteminin getirilerini \u201c\u2026 bu yolla daha y\u00fcksek \u00fccretler sa\u011flanabilecek, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatleri k\u0131salacak ve daha iyi bir i\u015f ve aile ortam\u0131 olu\u015facakt\u0131r\u201d[10]<\/a> s\u00f6zleriyle tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu sat\u0131rlar yaz\u0131ld\u0131ktan 100 y\u0131l sonra biz \u201casl\u0131nda Taylorizm bunlar\u0131 istemi\u015fti, bu y\u00f6netim sisteminde ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f sorunlar t\u00fcm\u00fcyle patronlar\u0131n ve sendikalar\u0131n hatal\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131ndan kaynaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, sistem do\u011fru uygulanamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u201d m\u0131 diyece\u011fiz? Bug\u00fcn TKY, yal\u0131n \u00fcretim, esnek \u00fcretim savunucular\u0131 sisteme yap\u0131lan ele\u015ftirileri \u201csistemin yanl\u0131\u015f uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n sorumlulu\u011funun sisteme y\u00fcklenemeyece\u011fi\u201d \u015feklinde savu\u015fturmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar.[11]<\/a> <\/p>\n S\u00f6zkonusu konferansa kat\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 yapan eski Toyota y\u00f6neticisi Bob Bennet\u2019in nelerden s\u00f6zedip nelerden s\u00f6zetmedi\u011fini bilemiyoruz. Ancak merak edenler i\u00e7in, ilk ba\u015flarda ad\u0131na \u201cToyota \u00dcretim Sistemi\u201d denilen, yal\u0131n \u00fcretim sistemini uygulayan Toyota\u2019da olanlar hakk\u0131nda birka\u00e7 bilgiyi payla\u015fmak yararl\u0131 olabilir.[12]<\/a><\/p>\n -1988 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n maa\u015flar\u0131ndan %10 kesinti yap\u0131lmas\u0131 konusunda i\u015f\u00e7ilerin organize olamamas\u0131 nedeniyle firma ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 oldu ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar bunu kabullenmek durumunda kald\u0131.<\/p>\n -1993 ve 1995 y\u0131llar\u0131nda firman\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplu \u00f6demeleri (ikramiye) kald\u0131rma denemeleri \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar taraf\u0131ndan ortaya konulan ortak direni\u015f sonucu engellendi. <\/p>\n -Kalite \u00e7emberleri uygulamalar\u0131, e\u011fitimler ve ISO \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in fazla mesai \u00f6denmemesi bakanl\u0131\u011fa bildirilerek bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n fazla mesai kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilmesi ve \u00f6deme yap\u0131lmas\u0131 sa\u011fland\u0131. <\/p>\n -M\u00fchendislere \u00f6denmeyen fazla mesailer konusunda \u015firketin ciddi direni\u015f g\u00f6stermesi sonucu k\u0131smi \u00f6deme konusunda anla\u015fma sa\u011flanabildi. <\/p>\n – Sistem genelinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n sisteme zorunlu olarak yenilik\u00e7i ve geli\u015ftirici fikir sa\u011flama uygulamas\u0131 bakanl\u0131\u011fa \u015fikayet edilerek durduruldu.<\/p>\n -\u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar gerek Toyota\u2019da gerekse ta\u015feron firmalarda ya\u015fanan ancak rapor edilmeyen i\u015f kazalar\u0131n\u0131n bildirimlerinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca \u015firketin hastal\u0131k olarak bildirdi\u011fi baz\u0131 olaylar\u0131n ilgili makamlarca i\u015f kazas\u0131 olarak kabul edilmesi sa\u011fland\u0131. \u0130\u015fletme i\u00e7ersinde bir klinik a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 sa\u011fland\u0131. <\/p>\n – \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlara kar\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lan pek \u00e7ok insan haklar\u0131 ihlali (aktivistlerin d\u00f6v\u00fclmesi ve i\u015f kazas\u0131 ile tehdit edilmesi vb..) hem Toyota hem de ta\u015feron kurulu\u015flar\u0131nda (Denso- Toyoda\u2026 vb.) \u015fikayet edilerek \u00e7e\u015fitli iyile\u015ftirmeler sa\u011fland\u0131. <\/p>\n -1980\u2019li y\u0131llarda a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sonucu \u00f6l\u00fcmler (karoshi) bir sosyal sorun haline gelmi\u015fti. Uzun ve esnek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma modelleri, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u00fck kotalar gibi yal\u0131n \u00fcretimle birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00fczerinde olu\u015fan bask\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131 karoshi vakalar\u0131nda art\u0131\u015fa neden olmu\u015ftur.\u201d<\/p>\n Ke\u015fke Toyota ak\u0131l etseydi de anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 k\u0131t i\u015f\u00e7ilerine yal\u0131n \u00fcretimin ne kadar faydal\u0131 ve onlar\u0131n yarar\u0131na oldu\u011funu anlatmak \u00fczere T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den birka\u00e7 m\u00fchendis g\u00f6t\u00fcrseydi!… Belki adam d\u00f6vmeye, tehdit etmeye falan gerek kalmazd\u0131 <\/p>\n Yal\u0131n \u00fcretimde hangi temel ve kritik karar s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 sa\u011flanmaktad\u0131r? \u00d6nceki yaz\u0131m\u0131zda da \u00f6rnekler vermi\u015ftik. Yal\u0131n \u00fcretim, toplam kalite y\u00f6netimi vs. en ideal \u015fekilde uygulayan \u015firketler dahi herhangi bir \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme giri\u015fimine en sert tepkiyi vermekte, ya kukla sendikalar olu\u015fturmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakta, ya da t\u00fcmden sendikas\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Sendikala\u015fman\u0131n, mevcut \u00fcretim sisteminin \u00f6z\u00fcne dokunmasa da, i\u015f\u00e7inin karar s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir bi\u00e7imi olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliyor isek, sendikala\u015fmay\u0131 engellemenin \u201ckarar s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131\u201d engellemek oldu\u011funu da anlar\u0131z. \u00d6rne\u011fin bir \u00e7o\u011fu uluslararas\u0131 pazarlara \u00fcretim yapan ve en az\u0131ndan ISO 9001 sistemine ili\u015fkin belgesi olan tersanelerde insan hayatlar\u0131n\u0131n ne kadar ucuz oldu\u011funu hepimiz g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Tersanelerde s\u00fcren m\u00fccadelenin temel taleplerinden birisi \u201ci\u015f\u00e7i sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve i\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in sendikala\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki engellerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\u201dd\u0131r. E\u011fer i\u015f\u00e7iler kritik karar s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine \u00f6rg\u00fctleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla kat\u0131lam\u0131yorlar ise ya\u015fam g\u00fcvenceleri bile yoktur.<\/p>\n \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar, kaizen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda ve kalite \u00e7emberlerinde \u00fcretimin nas\u0131l daha geli\u015ftirilece\u011fine, kalitenin nas\u0131l art\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin fikir bildirmekte, ancak bunun sonucu i\u015f\u00e7i ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131yla aralar\u0131ndan bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 vb. olabilmektedir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin \u201ckalitenin ve verimin nas\u0131l art\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131\u201d \u00fczerine bile olsa fikir belirtebiliyor olmas\u0131, elbette ki i\u015f\u00e7ilere bir oranda \u00f6nemsenme duygusu ya\u015fatmakta, \u201ckendilerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdikleri\u201d i\u015flerine olan ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 artmaktad\u0131r. Ancak bu durumu \u201ckarar s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine kat\u0131l\u0131m\u201d \u015feklinde idealize edemeyiz. <\/p>\n \u201cYa\u015fas\u0131n a\u00e7 mideler\u201dmi?<\/strong><\/p>\n Dan\u0131\u015fman arkada\u015f yukardaki paragraf\u0131n devam\u0131nda \u201c<\/em>(Verimlilik teknikleri-bn)\u2026 Emek-sermaye \u00e7eli\u015fkisinin derinle\u015fmesini engellemektedir. Sadece bunlar de\u011fil. Kurumsal Kaynak Planlama, Montaj Hatt\u0131 Dengeleme, Tedarik zinciri Y\u00f6netimi gibi t\u00fcm EM (End\u00fcstri M\u00fchendisli\u011fi-bn) yakla\u015f\u0131m ve teknikleri genellikle ekstra teknoloji yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 gerektirmeden ek katma de\u011fer yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu de\u011ferin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n fiyat d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015flerini sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131, hatta baz\u0131 kapitalistlerin bunun bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fccret art\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak yans\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in do\u011frudur<\/u>(ab\u00e7), ama tehlikelidir.<\/em><\/p>\n Kapitalistlerin a\u011fz\u0131m\u0131za bir parmak bal \u00e7almas\u0131d\u0131r. EM\u2019ler i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131f bilincinden uzakla\u015ft\u0131rarak kapitalizme hizmetten vazge\u00e7meli, derhal d\u00fckkanlar\u0131n\u0131 kapatmal\u0131d\u0131r. Vars\u0131n ithalat patlas\u0131n, vars\u0131n s\u0131f\u0131ra yak\u0131n \u201cemek\u201d maliyetli \u00c7in mallar\u0131 fabrikalar kapat\u0131rs\u0131n, nas\u0131l olsa proletaryan\u0131n \u00e7elik disiplini i\u015fsizler ordusunu da kucaklayacak, hedefe y\u00f6neltecektir<\/em>\u201d diyor. \u015eimdi bu c\u00fcmlelerin neresini d\u00fczeltelim. Bir yerden ba\u015flayal\u0131m, belki i\u015fin i\u00e7inden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131z.<\/p>\n Temel bir iddiadan ba\u015flayal\u0131m: Yaz\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131na hakim olan yakla\u015f\u0131m, bizim \u201ci\u015f\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda a\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131n artmas\u0131n\u0131, bu sayede devrim yapmay\u0131\u201d umdu\u011fumuz \u015feklindeki yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r. Yukar\u0131daki c\u00fcmlelerde yeralanlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda yaz\u0131da bize atfen \u201cbenim m\u00fchendisim ya uygulay\u0131c\u0131 olsun ya da i\u015fsiz olarak yedek proleter ordusuna kat\u0131ls\u0131n<\/em>\u201d, \u201c(KOB\u0130\u2019leri) B\u0131rak\u0131n\u0131z bats\u0131nlar. Onlar da yedek proleter ordusuna kat\u0131ls\u0131n<\/em>.\u201d, \u201c\u2026 do\u011fsun a\u00e7 midelerden nur topu gibi ihtilaller<\/em>\u201d \u015feklinde yak\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmalar yeralmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n Bu t\u00fcrden iddialar\u0131n sahipleri bilmeyebilir. Devrimcilerin \u00e7ok temel bir ilkesi 1848 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanan Kom\u00fcnist Manifesto\u2019da dile getirilmi\u015ftir: \u201c(Kom\u00fcnistler-bn) Bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak proletaryan\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ayr\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karlara sahip de\u011fillerdir\u201d[13]<\/a> <\/p>\n \u201cDevrimcilerin halk\u0131n a\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 istedi\u011fi\u201d d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi en gericisinden bir sermaye \u00e7arp\u0131tmas\u0131d\u0131r[14]<\/a>. Devrimciler – ki i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ve genel olarak emek\u00e7i halk\u0131n par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131rlar- bir yandan kapitalizm \u015fartlar\u0131 alt\u0131nda daha iyi ya\u015fam m\u00fccadelesini y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcrler. Bir yandan da, kapitalizm \u015fartlar\u0131 alt\u0131nda, bunun kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildiklerinden, insanca ya\u015fanabilir bir d\u00fcnya kurma m\u00fccadelesini s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcrler. Bilirler ki, kendisini hangi k\u0131l\u0131k alt\u0131nda pazarlarsa pazarlas\u0131n kapitalizm insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu i\u00e7in y\u0131k\u0131m getirir. \u00dcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fmi\u015fli\u011fine ra\u011fmen, g\u00f6receli olarak[15]<\/a>, milyonlarca ve hatta milyarlarca insan yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde tadabilecekleri zevkleri tadamadan, kendi potansiyellerini a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131karamadan g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcp giderler bu d\u00fcnyadan. Bu y\u00fczden kapitalizm y\u0131k\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Evet, biz halk\u0131n yoksulla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131, i\u015fsiz kalmas\u0131n\u0131, a\u00e7 kalmas\u0131n\u0131 istemeyiz. Ama biliriz ki kapitalizm bu sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. Buna esnek \u00fcretim, yal\u0131n \u00fcretim de dahildir.<\/p>\n \u201cEmek-sermaye \u00e7eli\u015fkisinin derinle\u015fmesinin engellenmesi\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n Yaz\u0131daki bir iddia da \u201cyeni verimlilik tekniklerinin emek-sermaye \u00e7eli\u015fkisinin derinle\u015fmesini engelledi\u011fi<\/em>\u201d \u015feklindedir. Yine \u00f6ncelikle yazar\u0131n kendi iddialar\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fcyelim: Bu iddia \u201cekstra teknoloji yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 gerektirmeden ek katma de\u011fer<\/em>\u201d yarat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u201cbu de\u011ferin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n fiyat d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015flerini sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131, hatta baz\u0131 kapitalistlerin bunun bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fccret art\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak yans\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in<\/em>\u201d \u201cdo\u011fru<\/em>\u201d oldu\u011fu, ama bizim i\u00e7in \u201ctehlikeli<\/em>\u201d oldu\u011fu \u015feklinde.<\/p>\n \u00dcretim s\u00fcrecinde \u201cek katma de\u011fer\u201d yaratmak demek, i\u015f\u00e7inin \u00fcretimini art\u0131rmak demektir. Buradaki iddia \u201cgenellikle ekstra teknoloji yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 gerektirmeden ek katma de\u011feri\u201d art\u0131rmak oldu\u011funa g\u00f6re, i\u015fin yo\u011funlu\u011fu art\u0131r\u0131larak \u201cek katma de\u011fer\u201d yarat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Yani i\u015f\u00e7inin emek-g\u00fcc\u00fcnden daha fazla yararlanarak\u2026 <\/p>\n Kapitalist \u00fcretimin ana hedefi kar elde etmektir. Kar, herhangi bir yerden gelmez. Kar\u2019\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131 art\u0131-de\u011fer s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr. Art\u0131-de\u011fer ise \u201ckar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6denmemi\u015f emek\u201dtir. Sermaye sahibi iki yolla art\u0131-de\u011fer s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc art\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Birincisi mutlak art\u0131-de\u011feri art\u0131rmakt\u0131r. Yani \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcrelerini art\u0131rmakt\u0131r. Bunun s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131, i\u015f\u00e7inin fiziki s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 ve m\u00fccadele sonucu olu\u015fmu\u015f olan yasal s\u0131n\u0131rlard\u0131r. Di\u011fer yol ise g\u00f6reli art\u0131-de\u011feri art\u0131rmakt\u0131r. Yani daha ileri \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ve teknikleri kullanarak i\u015f\u00e7inin (\u00fccretine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen) ya\u015famas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli emek zaman\u0131n\u0131 azaltarak, art\u0131-de\u011ferin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. En eski ve yeni bi\u00e7imleri de dahil olmak \u00fczere b\u00fct\u00fcn kapitalist \u00fcretim sisteminde bu b\u00f6yledir. <\/p>\n Dan\u0131\u015fman arkada\u015f\u0131m\u0131z man\u00fcfakt\u00fcr\u00fcyle, ilkel fabrika d\u00fczeniyle, fason \u00fcretim sistemiyle, Taylorist, Fordist ve Post-Fordist b\u00fct\u00fcn bi\u00e7imleriyle kapitalizmin yapmaya yazg\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu, ancak bu s\u00fcreci devam ettirerek varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebildi\u011fi i\u015fleyi\u015fi bize yeni \u00fcretim tekniklerinin bir kazan\u0131m\u0131 olarak sunuyor. Ama baz\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015flarla\u2026 <\/p>\n Sermaye sahipleri, kendilerine ek kazan\u00e7lar sa\u011flamayacak ise, \u201ckatma de\u011feri art\u0131rd\u0131k, bari i\u015f\u00e7ilerin de \u00fccretlerini art\u0131ral\u0131m\u201d demez ve zaten demiyorlar. \u00d6vg\u00fcyle s\u00f6zedilen \u00fcretim tekniklerinin giderek geni\u015fleyerek uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 son 30 y\u0131l\u0131n d\u00fcnyas\u0131na bir zahmet, d\u00f6n\u00fcn ve bak\u0131n. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n zenginleriyle yoksullar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki u\u00e7urum azald\u0131 m\u0131, artt\u0131 m\u0131? B\u00fcy\u00fck \u015firketler (TKY, yal\u0131n \u00fcretim vs. uygulayan) \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcrelerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmeye mi u\u011fra\u015f\u0131yor, art\u0131rmaya m\u0131? D\u00fcnyan\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015firketleri, \u00fcretimlerini s\u00fcrekli daha yoksul \u00fclkelere kayd\u0131r\u0131rken, oralardaki i\u015f\u00e7ilerle \u201cek katma de\u011feri\u201d payla\u015fma idealiyle mi yan\u0131p tutu\u015fuyor? Acaba arkada\u015f\u0131n yaz\u0131s\u0131nda s\u00f6zetti\u011fi \u201cs\u0131f\u0131ra yak\u0131n \u201cemek\u201d maliyetli \u00c7in mallar\u0131<\/em>\u201d hangi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u015fartlar\u0131nda \u00fcretiliyor? \u00c7in\u2019li i\u015f\u00e7ilere post-fordist d\u00f6nemin patronlar\u0131 ABD, AB ve Japonya\u2019daki \u00fccretleri vererek mi \u201cs\u0131f\u0131ra yak\u0131n emek maliyetli<\/em>\u201d mal \u00fcretiyor? Bu d\u00f6nemin ayn\u0131 zamanda d\u00fcnyadaki emek hareketinin genel yenilgisine ve sendikalar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7 kayb\u0131na denk d\u00fc\u015fmesi, acaba patronlar\u0131n \u201csendikalar aradan \u00e7\u0131ks\u0131n da biz i\u015f\u00e7ilerimize daha iyi bir hayat ya\u015fatal\u0131m\u201d diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmesinden mi kaynaklan\u0131yor? Herhalde \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecinde daha y\u00fcksek vas\u0131flara sahip bir k\u0131s\u0131m i\u015f\u00e7inin (bir k\u0131s\u0131m m\u00fchendis dahil) \u201cmerkez\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlanan i\u015fyerlerinde daha iyi \u015fartlarda istihdam edilmesine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, \u00e7ok daha fazlas\u0131n\u0131n da (m\u00fchendislerin \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu dahil) \u201c\u00e7evre\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan i\u015fyerlerinde g\u00fcvencesiz, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretlerle istihdam edildi\u011fi bir d\u00f6nemde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 tart\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z herkes biliyordur? Yoksa bilmiyor mu?<\/p>\n Velhas\u0131l\u0131kelam, kapitalizmin yeni \u00fcretim ve verimlilik teknikleri emek-sermaye \u00e7eli\u015fkisini azaltmak bir yana d\u00fcnya geneline yaymakta ve \u00e7eli\u015fki derinle\u015fmeye devam etmektedir.[16]<\/a> Bu yan\u0131yla da bu \u00fcretim tekniklerinde, esasa ili\u015fkin olarak, di\u011fer kapitalist \u00fcretim tekniklerinden ay\u0131r\u0131p \u201cdo\u011fru ama tehlikeli<\/em>\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fclecek bir yan yoktur. Bi\u00e7ime ili\u015fkin olarak ise, bir \u00e7ok m\u00fchendis arkada\u015f\u0131n ve oda y\u00f6neticisinin de kafas\u0131n\u0131n kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi kafa kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaratan bir yan vard\u0131r. E, kapitalistler de, kendilerine bir fayda sa\u011flamayacak ise, yeni \u00fcretim tekniklerini geli\u015ftirmeye bo\u015fa masraf etmezlerdi herhalde\u2026<\/p>\n Dan\u0131\u015fman arkada\u015f\u0131m\u0131z Fordizm \/ post-fordizm kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda bizim Fordist \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecini savundu\u011fumuzu, hatta daha \u00f6tesi \u201cfordist \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecini sosyalist \u00fcretim bi\u00e7imi gibiymi\u015f\u00e7esine kutsa<\/em>\u201dd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 nerden \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131 bilmiyoruz. <\/p>\n Yaz\u0131m\u0131zdan \u00e7\u0131karmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kesin. Ama e\u011fer merak ediyor ise s\u00f6yleyelim: Biz Fordizm \/ Post-fordizm kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda taraf de\u011filiz. Biz \u00fcretimin, t\u00fcketimin, ya\u015fam\u0131n ve siyasetin kapitalist \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi ve i\u015fleyi\u015fine kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131z. Fordizm \/ post-fordizm ayr\u0131m\u0131nda ise Fordizm d\u00f6neminde m\u00fccadele ile kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f haklar\u0131n, post-fordizm d\u00f6neminin sermayeye sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 avantajlar sayesinde, eme\u011fin \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi da\u011f\u0131t\u0131larak, emek\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda rekabet art\u0131r\u0131larak yok edilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f haklar\u0131n savunulmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi noktas\u0131nda tav\u0131r al\u0131r\u0131z. Bu tav\u0131r Fordizm\u2019in savunulmas\u0131 de\u011fildir. D\u00fcn nas\u0131l Fordist\/Taylorist \u00fcretim organizasyonunun ipli\u011fini pazara \u00e7\u0131karmak ve ona kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlemek i\u00e7in u\u011fra\u015fm\u0131\u015fsak, bug\u00fcn de kapitalist \u00fcretim organizasyonunun her bi\u00e7imine kar\u015f\u0131 ayn\u0131 m\u00fccadeleyi y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcr\u00fcz. <\/p>\n Tav\u015fan\u0131n Suyunun Suyu ve Hizmetler<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00d6nceki yaz\u0131m\u0131zda Alt\u0131 Sigma-Yal\u0131n Konferanslar\u0131\u2019nda sunum yapacak baz\u0131 \u015firket ve kurumlar\u0131n (TTGV, Yal\u0131n Enstit\u00fc Derne\u011fi, Ar\u00e7elik, Ye\u015fim Tekstil, MESS) yapt\u0131klar\u0131ndan \u00f6rnekler vermi\u015ftik. Asl\u0131nda biraz \u00fczerinde durunca bu \u00f6rneklerin ne kadar \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131labilece\u011fini konuyla ilgili herkes bilir. Dan\u0131\u015fman bu \u00f6rnekleri \u201csenin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u015firketin ta\u015feron firmas\u0131n\u0131n malzeme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ba\u015fka firmada bundan 16 y\u0131l \u00f6nce i\u015f\u00e7ilerin toplu i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bundan ana firmas\u0131n\u0131n ve bu firmada \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in de kendisinin sorumlu oldu\u011fu<\/em>\u201d \u015feklinde bir benzetmeyle cevapl\u0131yor. Do\u011frudan do\u011fruya bu kurumlar\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015flere ili\u015fkin iddialara verilen cevap, acaba niye \u201csanki \u00e7ok uzak bir zamanda ve yerde\u201d olmu\u015f gibi yans\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f? Belki de bu \u015firket ve kurumlar\u0131n, asl\u0131nda savunulabilecek bir durumda olmay\u0131\u015f\u0131ndand\u0131r? Belki de su\u00e7luluk duygusudur? Ne diyebiliriz ki?<\/p>\n Dan\u0131\u015fman arkada\u015f\u0131m\u0131z yaz\u0131s\u0131nda bol bol MMO\u2019nun yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hizmetlerden, \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 yay\u0131nlardan s\u00f6zediyor ve bizi bu hizmetleri baltalamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakla itham ediyor. \u00d6ncelikle belirtmek gerekiyor ki, biz TMMOB\u2019yi ve MMO\u2019yu demokrat bir kurum olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyor ve ele\u015ftirilerimizi yaparken, bir ament\u00fc gibi bu durumu tekrarl\u0131yoruz. Ele\u015ftirilerin hedefi bu kurumlar\u0131 y\u0131pratmak de\u011fil, iddialar\u0131na uygun \u015fekilde devrimci\/demokrat bir \u00e7izgiye do\u011fru \u00e7ekmektir. Evet bu kurumlar \u00fclkenin bu gerici ortam\u0131nda ilerici bir yerde durmaktad\u0131rlar. Ama kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za ge\u00e7ip \u201cbu kurumlar hizmet veriyor, sen ise kapitalizm y\u0131k\u0131lmadan hi\u00e7bir \u015fey yapmamay\u0131 savunuyorsun, bu kurumlar\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyorsun\u201d denilmesi bize \u201cRahmetli(?)\u201d \u00d6zal\u2019\u0131n ve \u015fimdi de Erdo\u011fan\u2019\u0131n s\u0131k\u00e7a kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve solcular\u0131 \u201csiz ne yap\u0131yorsunuz, sadece konu\u015fuyorsunuz\u201d diyerek sorguya \u00e7eki\u015fini hat\u0131rlatt\u0131. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m teknokrat bir kafan\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. Biz olumlu i\u015flere hakk\u0131n\u0131 verece\u011fiz. Ama \u201chizmet, kime hizmet ediyor? Halk i\u00e7in, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 i\u00e7in daha iyisi yap\u0131lamaz m\u0131?\u201d gibi sorular\u0131 sormaya da devam edece\u011fiz. <\/p>\n Dan\u0131\u015fman arkada\u015f\u0131m\u0131z yaz\u0131s\u0131nda \u201cBir meslek \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn Genel Kurullar\u0131n\u0131 Sosyalist, Kom\u00fcnist Parti genel kurullar\u0131 gibi alg\u0131layal\u0131m, alg\u0131latal\u0131m. Belki birka\u00e7 solcu m\u00fchendis daha bize kat\u0131l\u0131r<\/em>\u201d diyerek, ele\u015ftirilerimizi karikat\u00fcrle\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, asl\u0131nda a-politik bir Genel Kurul talebini dile getiriyor. Onunla da kalm\u0131yor, \u201cbelki birka\u00e7 solcu m\u00fchendis daha bize kat\u0131l\u0131r<\/em>\u201d diyerek m\u00fccadele y\u00fcr\u00fctenleri k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcms\u00fcyor. Bir paragraf sonra devam ediyor: \u201c\u00d6\u011frencileri, yeni mezunlar\u0131 tavlayal\u0131m. MMO zay\u0131flas\u0131n yok olsun. Hatta birazc\u0131k devrimcilerse kendilerini la\u011fvetsinler<\/em>.\u201d Bu ne kin say\u0131n Dan\u0131\u015fman? Sermayeyle fazlas\u0131yla kolkola yap\u0131lan bir etkinli\u011fi ele\u015ftirdik veya \u201cMesleki Yeterlilik\u201d ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda, sorunlar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmek bir yana m\u00fchendisler aras\u0131nda kastlar olu\u015fturmaya y\u00f6nelen ve sermayenin kar h\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fc uygulamalardaki sorumlulu\u011funu gizlemeye yarayan d\u00fczenlemeleri ele\u015ftirdik diye, bu nas\u0131l bir kin? \u0130nsanlara seslenmeyi, \u201ctavlamak\u201d olarak adland\u0131rmak ve bunun\u201d MMO\u2019yu yok etmeyi hedefledi\u011fini\u201d s\u00f6ylemek, hangi s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n kininden kaynaklan\u0131r? <\/p>\n G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kadar\u0131yla baz\u0131 arkada\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z, kendini burjuvazinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f tarz\u0131na ve s\u00f6ylemine fazla kapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015f. Biz elbette ki birka\u00e7 solcu m\u00fchendisin ve \u00f6\u011frencinin daha \u201cbize\u201d kat\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in de m\u00fccadele edece\u011fiz. Bununla kalmayaca\u011f\u0131z kapitalizmin dehlizlerinde yolunu kaybetmi\u015f, sa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 solunu \u015fa\u015f\u0131rm\u0131\u015f olanlar\u0131n da; gelenekten sa\u011fc\u0131 olup d\u00fcnyada, \u00fclkede ve i\u015fyerinde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7eli\u015fkilerden dolay\u0131 aray\u0131\u015f i\u00e7inde olanlar\u0131n da uyanmas\u0131, \u00f6\u011frenmesi, \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele edece\u011fiz. <\/p>\n End\u00fcstri ve Di\u011fer M\u00fchendislerin Durumu<\/strong><\/p>\n MMO\u2019nun \u201cAlt\u0131 Sigma-Yal\u0131n Konferanslar\u0131\u201dn\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ve mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ele\u015ftiren yaz\u0131ma kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k Dan\u0131\u015fman arkada\u015f\u0131m\u0131z End\u00fcstri M\u00fchendisleri ve di\u011fer m\u00fchendisleri savunma pozisyonuna giriyor. Benzer bir refleksi bir \u00e7ok End\u00fcstri M\u00fchendisi arkada\u015f g\u00f6sterdi\u011fine g\u00f6re a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 gereken bir durum var:<\/p>\n Modern anlamda m\u00fchendislik kapitalizmin \u00e7ocu\u011fudur. \u0130\u015flevi kapitalizmin ve do\u011fal olarak bu sistemin egemenleri olan kapitalistlerin ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u015fekillenmi\u015ftir. M\u00fchendislik ve onun alt dallar\u0131n\u0131n hi\u00e7 biri kapitalizmin genel i\u015fleyi\u015f yasalar\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fildir: Kapitalizmde \u00fcretim kar i\u00e7indir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te kol i\u015f\u00e7isi de, muhasebeci de, m\u00fchendis de sermaye sahiplerinin verdi\u011fi temel kararlar ve direktifler do\u011frultusunda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. E\u011fer m\u00fchendis, muhasebeci, doktor veya \u00f6\u011fretmen sermaye sahibi haline gelirse, kararlar\u0131n\u0131 esas olarak bu pozisyonuna g\u00f6re verir. Bir zamanlar\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7isi de bir \u015fekilde sermaye sahibi oldu\u011funda, o art\u0131k i\u015f\u00e7i de\u011fil kapitalisttir. <\/p>\n Yani b\u00fct\u00fcn meslek gruplar\u0131 sistemin par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Baz\u0131 meslek gruplar\u0131 sistemin yeniden \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in ve ideolojik olarak daha kritik bir yerdedir. \u00d6\u011fretim g\u00f6revlileri, hukuk\u00e7ular, din adamlar\u0131, politikac\u0131lar, gazeteciler, reklamc\u0131lar gibi. M\u00fchendisler i\u00e7inde de bu pozisyona en yak\u0131n olan kesimler herhalde End\u00fcstri ve \u0130\u015fletme M\u00fchendisleridir. Makina, elektrik veya in\u015faat m\u00fchendisine g\u00f6re daha \u201cpolitik\u201d bir g\u00f6rev \u00fcstlenmi\u015flerdir. Bununla birlikte bu fark, di\u011ferlerine g\u00f6re bir nicelik fark\u0131d\u0131r, nitelik fark\u0131 de\u011fildir. Bu nedenle tart\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fchendisler \u00fczerinden yapmak gerekir. Zaten Dan\u0131\u015fman da \u201cme\u011fer biz m\u00fchendisler, hele ki End\u00fcstri M\u00fchendisleri neler yapm\u0131\u015f\u0131z<\/em>?\u201d, \u201cSadece EM\u2019ler mi sorumlu?( \u2026) Ya elektrik, elektronik, Makina, mekatronik m\u00fchendislerine ne demeli?<\/em>\u201d diyerek konuyu b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fchendislere ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Doktor olmak mevcut sa\u011fl\u0131k sistemini, e\u011fer \u00f6zel hastanede \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorsa \u00f6zel sa\u011fl\u0131k sistemini; banka \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 olmak bankalar\u0131n soygunlar\u0131n\u0131; \u00f6zel okul veya dersanede \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak e\u011fitimde \u00f6zelle\u015ftirmeyi; ta\u015feron i\u015f\u00e7isi olmak ta\u015feron sistemini savunmay\u0131 gerektirmez. \u0130\u015fyerinde yal\u0131n \u00fcretimi uygulamak zorunda olan m\u00fchendisler olmak da yal\u0131n \u00fcretimi y\u00fcceltmeyi gerektirmez. Bir k\u0131s\u0131m m\u00fchendis sistemi y\u00fcceltse bile demokratlar\u0131n y\u00f6netti\u011fi MMO\u2019nun bu sistemin reklam\u0131n\u0131 yapmas\u0131 gerekmez.<\/p>\n \u0130\u015f\u00e7iler herg\u00fcn kendilerini daha fazla s\u00f6m\u00fcrtmek \u00fczere sermayeyi yeniden \u00fcretirler. \u00dcretmek zorundad\u0131rlar. Yar\u0131n y\u0131kacaklar\u0131 kendi \u00fczerlerindeki bask\u0131 sistemini herg\u00fcn yeniden \u00fcretirler. Onlar sistemin hem yeniden \u00fcreticisi hem de mezar kaz\u0131c\u0131s\u0131d\u0131rlar. \u0130\u00e7lerinde bir kesim, i\u015f\u00e7i aristokrasisi haline gelerek, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ise y\u00fczlerce, binlerce y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u0131n\u0131fl\u0131 toplumun yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6rl\u00fckle, safla\u015fman\u0131n yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde bile sermayenin yan\u0131nda, kar\u015f\u0131-devrim cephesinde yer al\u0131r. Ama b\u00f6yle bir b\u00f6l\u00fcnme i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 kapitalizmin y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ve yeni toplumun kurucusu olmaktan al\u0131koymaz. <\/p>\n Bir s\u0131n\u0131f de\u011fil, bir meslek grubu olan m\u00fchendisler ise nesnel olarak toplumun temel safla\u015fmas\u0131na g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131fsal kimliklere b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcrler. Bir k\u0131sm\u0131 sermaye sahibi olur, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck b\u00fcro sahibi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-burjuva, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 \u201cy\u00f6netim temelli kapitalist\u201d[17]<\/a>, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ise i\u015f\u00e7i. \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeyi \u00fccretli konumda dahi olsalar m\u00fchendisler elbette ki daha a\u011f\u0131r ya\u015fayacakt\u0131r. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcnmede \u2013di\u011fer kesimleri bir yana b\u0131rak\u0131rsak- i\u015f\u00e7i pozisyonunda yeralan \u00fccretli m\u00fchendislerin ne kadar\u0131n\u0131n \u201ci\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131ndan yana\u201d tav\u0131r alaca\u011f\u0131 m\u00fccadelenin seyrine, temel s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lerine ve hegemonya olu\u015fturma yeteneklerine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fecektir. <\/p>\n B\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Sorunu mu?<\/strong><\/p>\n Dan\u0131\u015fman arkada\u015f\u0131m\u0131z yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bitirirken \u201cM\u00fchendisli\u011fin her ko\u015fulda katma de\u011fer yaratmas\u0131 refah artt\u0131rmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine, aslolan siyasi m\u00fccadelenin yarat\u0131lan katma de\u011ferin b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc \u00fczerinden y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesine, k\u0131saca adil ve hak\u00e7a b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme inand\u0131m. Ama anlad\u0131m ki hepsi yalanm\u0131\u015f. Kapitalistlerin, neolibo\u015flar\u0131n oyununa gelmi\u015fiz<\/em>\u201d diyerek kinaye yap\u0131yor. Ke\u015fke bildiklerinin yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funa ger\u00e7ekten ikna edebilseydik. <\/p>\n M\u00fccadele sadece bir b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm m\u00fccadelesi de\u011fildir, de\u011ferin nas\u0131l ve hangi \u015fartlarda \u00fcretilece\u011fi ve nas\u0131l payla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 meselesidir. Kapitalist sistem adil b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme m\u00fcsait de\u011fildir. Zira \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyetine dayan\u0131r. Ve bu sistem sadece sermaye s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fclkiyetine sahip olmas\u0131yla varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 devam ettiremez, t\u0131pk\u0131 \u00f6yle kurulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi. Ancak zora dayal\u0131 devlet mekanizmas\u0131yla birlikte bunu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilir. Devletin zor ayg\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n geride durdu\u011fu \u201cburjuva demokrasisi\u201d ve nispeten b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm adaletinin sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201csosyal devlet\u201d gibi d\u00f6nemler i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fccadelesinin sonucu ve devrim tehdidi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda verilen \u00f6d\u00fcnlerdir.<\/p>\n \u00dcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fclkiyetinin kime ait oldu\u011funu atlarsan\u0131z, i\u015fte b\u00f6yle bir s\u00fcr\u00fc yerde esnek \u00fcretime kar\u015f\u0131y\u0131m derken, s\u0131ra mesle\u011finize gelince esnek \u00fcretimin aslanlar gibi savunuculu\u011funu yapmak zorunda kal\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z. <\/p>\n Saf\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 Bilelim<\/strong><\/p>\n M\u00fchendisler olarak sistemin bekas\u0131 i\u00e7in e\u011fitilmi\u015f olabiliriz. Ama e\u011fitimimizi emek\u00e7i halk\u0131n m\u00fccadelesinde de\u011ferlendirebiliriz.[18]<\/a> Bu sadece m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil, zorunludur. Esnek \u00fcretimi allay\u0131p pullamak zorunda de\u011filsiniz. \u00dcretim sistemine ili\u015fkin bilgiler, sistemin te\u015fhiri ve alternatif sistemlerin tasavvuru i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n Bizim yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ise bug\u00fcn i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 m\u00fccadelesinin alt d\u00fczeyde seyretti\u011fi, sistemin g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir alternatifini politik, \u00f6rg\u00fctsel planda olu\u015fturamad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z d\u00f6nemde dahi m\u00fchendisleri i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve halk\u0131n m\u00fccadelesine \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rmak ve bu ama\u00e7la ideolojik m\u00fccadele y\u00fcr\u00fctmektir.<\/p>\n Biz y\u00fcr\u00fcr\u00fcz, yol olur\u2026<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n [1]<\/a> Bu konudaki daha \u00f6nceki yaz\u0131, http:\/\/www.sendika.org\/<\/a> ile http:\/\/www.politeknik.org.tr\/\/<\/a> \u2018de mevcuttur.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [2]<\/a> Gazeteyi arayarak yaz\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 ilgilerine te\u015fekk\u00fcr edip, \u201cdevam\u0131n\u0131n niye yay\u0131nlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d sordu\u011fumda \u201codalardan ve sendikalardan gelen telefonlar \u00fczerine devam\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7ildi\u011fi\u201d belirtildi. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n [3]<\/a> BirG\u00fcn, 7 May\u0131s 2008, s.7. Ayr\u0131ca http:\/\/www.politeknik.org.tr\/\/<\/a> \u2018de \u201cSe\u00e7ki\u201d b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden okunabilir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [4]<\/a> Petrol-\u0130\u015f 97-99, s. 925<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [5]<\/a> MMO Ankara \u015eubesi, \u201cS\u00f6yle\u015fi Toplam Kalite Y\u00f6netimi, End\u00fcstriyel Demokrasi, Esnek \u00dcretim,\u201d May\u0131s 1999<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [6]<\/a> Marks K, Engels F., Felsefe \u0130ncelemeleri, s. 113, (Alman \u0130deolojisi\u2019nden), Sol Yay\u0131nlar\u0131<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [7]<\/a> Taylor, Frederick W.; Bilimsel Y\u00f6netimin \u0130lkeleri (2. Bask\u0131), \u00c7ev: H. Bahad\u0131r Ak\u0131n, \u00c7izgi Kitabevi, Konya, 2003, s. 16<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [8]<\/a> Taylor, age, s. 22<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [9]<\/a> Taylor, age, s. 23<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [10]<\/a> Taylor, age, s. 8<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [11]<\/a> MMO Ankara \u015eubesi\u2019nin s\u00f6yle\u015fisinde Serdar Tan\u2019\u0131n ve d\u00f6nemin MMO Ankara \u015eubesi YK \u00dcyesi Salim \u00c7etinkaya\u2019n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131ndaki gibi\u2026<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [12]<\/a> Takao Kimura. Assistant Professor of Nagoya Economics University, Member of Aichi Labor Institute,”Struggle against Lean Production System”, Rodo-Soken Journal, No.22, April 1998. http:\/\/www.hartford-hwp.com\/archives\/55a\/531.html<\/span><\/font><\/p>\n<\/div>\n [13]<\/a> Marx-Engels, Kom\u00fcnist Parti Manifestosu, Sol Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, Ankara, 1998, s.26<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [14]<\/a> Bu iddia ayn\u0131 zamanda \u201ckaba materyalist\u201d olarak ta tan\u0131mlayabilece\u011fimiz, sosyalizmin iddialar\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7 bilmeyen, baz\u0131 kulaktan dolma \u015feyleri \u201csosyalizm\u201d sanan kesimlerde de vard\u0131r. Ama yaz\u0131s\u0131ndan anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kadar\u0131yla, Dan\u0131\u015fman arkada\u015f\u0131m\u0131z End\u00fcstri M\u00fchendisli\u011fi e\u011fitimi sonras\u0131nda, y\u00fcksek lisans yapm\u0131\u015f ve \u00fcniversitede ders vermi\u015f, MMO\u2019da y\u00f6netim g\u00f6revlerinde bulunmu\u015f. Herhalde bu kadar bilgisiz de\u011fildir\u2026 E\u011fer bilgisiz ise bizim kabahatimiz de\u011fil.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [15]<\/a> Kapitalizm, uzun vadede insanlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu i\u00e7in mutlak bir yoksulla\u015fma getirmemi\u015ftir. Kapitalizmin egemen d\u00fcnya sistemi oldu\u011fu iki y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n s\u00fcre\u00e7te, genel olarak insan \u00f6mr\u00fc \u2013 kapitalizmin merkez \u00fclkelerinde daha \u00e7ok olmak \u00fczere- artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ortalama ya\u015fam standard\u0131 y\u00fckselmi\u015ftir. Ancak bunun bedelini k\u00f6t\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve ya\u015fama ko\u015fullar\u0131nda ya\u015fay\u0131p \u00f6len, s\u00f6m\u00fcrge ve payla\u015f\u0131m sava\u015flar\u0131nda \u00f6len, kapitalizmin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 dengesizlikler sonras\u0131nda k\u0131tl\u0131klarda \u00f6len milyonlarca insan \u00f6demi\u015ftir. \u00d6te yandan, biz kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmam\u0131z\u0131 \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fmi\u015flik d\u00fczeyinin insanlar i\u00e7in m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ger\u00e7ekte olan aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7eli\u015fkiye dayanarak yapmal\u0131y\u0131z. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n [16]<\/a> \u00c7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki kadar \u015fiddetli olmay\u0131\u015f\u0131 kimseyi yan\u0131ltmas\u0131n. Bu durum bir \u201cuzla\u015fma, ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fc ve s\u0131n\u0131f bar\u0131\u015f\u0131\u201d de\u011fil, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n alm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu yenilginin sonucudur. Ama s\u0131n\u0131flar \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler alt\u0131nda s\u00fcrmektedir ve i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7leri toparland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ge\u00e7mi\u015ftekinden \u00e7ok daha \u015fiddetli olarak ya\u015fanacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [17]<\/a> K\u00f6se, A.H, \u00d6nc\u00fc, A.; Kapitalizm, \u0130nsanl\u0131k ve M\u00fchendislik, TMMOB, Ankara, 2000<\/p>\n K\u00f6se ve \u00d6nc\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda i\u015fyerlerinde \u00fcst d\u00fczey y\u00f6netici pozisyonunda olup, temel konulardaki tav\u0131r al\u0131\u015flar\u0131 sermayeden yana olan, hatta onun ad\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen m\u00fchendisleri bu \u015fekilde adland\u0131rm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [18]<\/a> T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Amerika yanl\u0131s\u0131 bir gen\u00e7lik olu\u015fturmak ve sistem i\u00e7in nitelikli eleman yeti\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla kurulan ODT\u00dc\u2019n\u00fcn, \u00f6nemli bir anti-emperyalist anti-fa\u015fist m\u00fccadele oda\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu 60-70\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131 hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m. <\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0130LG\u0130L\u0130 D\u0130\u011eER YAZILAR:<\/font><\/strong><\/u><\/p>\n
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