{"id":34460,"date":"2021-02-21T19:06:27","date_gmt":"2021-02-21T16:06:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/?p=34460"},"modified":"2021-03-05T12:03:41","modified_gmt":"2021-03-05T09:03:41","slug":"dunya-uzaktan-calisanlarin-taleplerini-konusuyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/dunya-uzaktan-calisanlarin-taleplerini-konusuyor\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00fcnya uzaktan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n taleplerini konu\u015fuyor"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pandemi ile birlikte evden\/uzaktan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma durumu eskiye oranla b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131. Evden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma Microsoft, Facebook, Google, PSA Group ve son olarak Akbank’\u0131n, Ko\u00e7 Holding\u2019in de eklenmesiyle kal\u0131c\u0131 olma yoluna do\u011fru gidiyor.[1]<\/a> Ancak bununla beraber evden\/uzaktan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yeni bir s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc \u015fekli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 da tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.[2]<\/a> \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar evden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n getirdi\u011fi sorunlara yeni \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yasalar\u0131 getirilmesi gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Avrupa\u2019da bununla ilgili hali haz\u0131rda yap\u0131lan ve yap\u0131lmakta olan yasalar bulunmakta. Yasalar \u00e7e\u015fitlik g\u00f6sterse de pek \u00e7ok i\u015f\u00e7i ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fam\u0131 uzman\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yeterli bulunmuyor.<\/p>\n

Guardian gazetesinde Peter Yeung<\/strong><\/a><\/span>\u2019un haberinde \u015fu bilgilere yer verilmi\u015f:<\/p>\n

Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nde AB\u2019ye ba\u011fl\u0131 Eurofound\u2019un yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re evden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan say\u0131s\u0131 2019 da %5\u2019ten 2020 bahar aylar\u0131nda %40 a kadar \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131[3]<\/a>. Temmuz oldu\u011funda Eurofound\u2019un yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir di\u011fer ankete g\u00f6re ise yar\u0131 veya tam zamanl\u0131 evden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan say\u0131s\u0131 %48\u2019e ula\u015ft\u0131. Bel\u00e7ika, L\u00fcksemburg, Fransa, \u0130spanya, Danimarka, Portekiz, \u0130rlanda, K\u0131br\u0131s ve Italya\u2019da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n yar\u0131dan fazlas\u0131 evden \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Harvard \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nin 16 global \u015fehirde 3.1 milyon insan\u0131n e-mail ve toplant\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fczerinden yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rma evden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin g\u00fcnde 48.5 dakika daha fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koydu[4]<\/a>. Eurofound ise evden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n ofisten \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara oranla haftal\u0131k 48 saatlik Avrupa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 2 kat a\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ifade eden veri yay\u0131mlad\u0131[5]<\/a>. Ba\u015fka bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma[6]<\/a> Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k, Avusturya, Kanada ve ABD\u2019de evden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n bilgisayar ba\u015f\u0131nda g\u00fcnde 2 saat daha fazla zaman ge\u00e7irdi\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

University College London\u2019da i\u015f-sosyal hayat dengesi \u00fczerine uzman olan Profes\u00f6r Anna Cox\u2019a g\u00f6re i\u015fverenlerin kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 takip yaz\u0131l\u0131m ve cihazlar\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7ileri \u00f6zg\u00fcvensizle\u015ftiriyor ve \u00fczerlerindeki bask\u0131y\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131yor. Profes\u00f6r Cox\u2019a g\u00f6re i\u015f\u00e7iler s\u00fcrekli izlendiklerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcklerinden s\u00fcrekli sosyal olarak \u201ccanl\u0131\u201d kalmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar, telefonda ve bilgisayarda aktif ve her aramaya cevap vermek i\u00e7in adeta haz\u0131rda duruyorlar. Bu durum i\u015f-sosyal ya\u015fam dengesini iyice bozuyor. \u00d6zellikle ev i\u015fleri ve \u00e7ocuk bak\u0131m\u0131 y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc daha fazla ya\u015fayan kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in daha fazla seviyede. S\u00fcrekli ula\u015f\u0131labilir olma kayg\u0131s\u0131 evden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7ilerde depresyon, stress, uyku bozuklu\u011fu ve kal\u0131c\u0131 yorgunlu\u011fa sebep oluyor[7]<\/a><\/p>\n

Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nde hen\u00fcz \u2018i\u015ften ba\u011flant\u0131 koparmak\u2019la (eri\u015filememe hakk\u0131) ilgili bir yasa yok. Ancak AB parlamentosu i\u015ften dijital ba\u011f koparma \u00fczerine yeni bir \u00f6nerge ge\u00e7irdi[8]<\/a>. Bu \u00f6nerge Avrupa Komisyonu taraf\u0131ndan onaylan\u0131rsa yasa olacak.<\/p>\n

Frans\u0131z \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Bakan\u0131 Myriam El Khomri, 2017\u2019de veri-obezitesi ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 s\u00fcrekli veriye bo\u011farak uzaktan eri\u015filebilir tutma k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc de\u011fi\u015ftirecek ilk yasay\u0131 ge\u00e7irmi\u015fti. Yasa 50\u2019den fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 olan firmalar\u0131n net olarak i\u015f\u00e7ilerin e-mail ya da ba\u015fka bi yolla eri\u015filemeyece\u011fi zamanlar\u0131 \u00f6nceden i\u015f\u00e7ilere bildirecek \u015fekilde ayarlamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini g\u00f6steriyordu. Yasa Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n ilk \u2018i\u015ften ba\u011flant\u0131 koparma\u2019 yasas\u0131 olarak biliniyor. Ancak ele\u015ftirmenler yasan\u0131n \u00e7ok hafif oldu\u011funu ve baz\u0131 durumlarda ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorlar.<\/p>\n

34.000 Frans\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya[9]<\/a> g\u00f6re \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n %78\u2019i i\u015ften ba\u011flant\u0131 koparma yasas\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor, %24\u2019\u00fc pandemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda daha fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f, %30\u2019u ise veri-obezitesine maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Frans\u0131z \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yak\u0131n zamanda yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir bildirge ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n i\u015f ve dinlenme zamanlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fverenler taraf\u0131ndan kesin olarak ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi ve i\u015f\u00e7ilerin i\u015ften ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 koparma haklar\u0131n\u0131n garantilenmesi gerekti\u011fini belirti[10]<\/a>. Irlanda ve Luksemburg bu konuda Fransa\u2019y\u0131 \u00f6rnek alarak benzer yasalar ge\u00e7irmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Evden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayla ilgili geli\u015fmeler pandeminin ilk zamanlar\u0131ndan itibaren g\u00fcndem <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan \u0130svi\u00e7re mahkemesi evden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 memnun edecek bir emsal karar ge\u00e7irdi. Covid-19 pandemisinin ilk zamanlar\u0131nda Sputnik\u2019te yer alan habere g\u00f6re, muhasebe firmas\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir i\u015f\u00e7i pandemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda evden \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece kiras\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015firketin \u00f6demesi gerekti\u011fini belirten bir dava a\u00e7t\u0131, \u015firket ise i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde b\u00f6yle bir madde olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6demeyece\u011fini iddia ediyordu. Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme \u015firketin savunmas\u0131n\u0131 reddetti, daha da ileriye gitti ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n \u015firketten ayr\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra da kira masraflar\u0131n\u0131n geriye d\u00f6n\u00fck olarak tazmin edilmesi gerekti\u011fini ortaya koydu. \u015eirket kiralara 154 dolar katk\u0131 sa\u011flamak zorunda kald\u0131.[11]<\/a><\/p>\n

Hollanda\u2019da ise benzer bir konu tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Sputnik\u2019in bir di\u011fer haberinde devlete ba\u011fl\u0131 aile finansman\u0131 kurumu\u00a0NIBUD\u2019nin, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n \u00e7ay, tuvalet ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131 gibi masraflar\u0131n\u0131n \u015firketler taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6denmesi gerekti\u011fini belirtti\u011fi ifade ediliyor. Bunun i\u00e7in g\u00fcnl\u00fck ortalama 2.4 Euro\u2019luk bir masraf belirlediler. Ancak \u0131s\u0131nma ve benzeri hen\u00fcz hesaplanmam\u0131\u015f de\u011ferler eklendi\u011finde \u015firketlerin \u00f6demesi gereken masraflar\u0131n kabarmas\u0131 bekleniyor.[12]<\/a><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Durum<\/strong><\/p>\n

Politeknik\u2019in \u015eubat 2021\u2019de yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 M\u00fchendis Mimar \u015eehir Planc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Hayat\u0131nda Covid-19 Ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131\u2019nda Avrupa\u2019daki durumun hemen hemen benzeri sonu\u00e7lar ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131.[13]<\/a> 345 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu ara\u015ft\u0131rmada \u201cevden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma deneyiminde hangileri sizin i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir?\u201d sorusunda verilen cevaplar aras\u0131nda ilk iki cevap %52 ile \u201cev masraflar\u0131m artt\u0131\u201d ve %51 ile \u201ci\u015f ve i\u015f d\u0131\u015f\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki s\u0131n\u0131rlar kayboldu\u201d\u015feklinde a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Bu cevaplar Avrupa\u2019da ya\u015fanan durumun T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7inde ayn\u0131 oldu\u011funu ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca kad\u0131nlar\u0131n bu aleyhte durumdan daha fazla etkilenmesi de \u00fcz\u00fcc\u00fc bir benzerlik. \u201c\u0130\u015f saatleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda i\u015f yap\u0131yorum\u201d diyen kad\u0131nlar %48, \u201cev i\u015fleri ve bak\u0131m y\u00fck\u00fcm artt\u0131\u201d diyen kad\u0131nlar %46 oranlar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca i\u015f yo\u011funlu\u011funun artmas\u0131 (%36) pandemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n en \u00e7ok \u015fikayet etti\u011fi konu oldu. Bu durum ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n pandemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7o\u011funlukla (karantina s\u00fcresinde %72 ve karantina sonras\u0131 %55) evden \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131n\u0131rsa, evden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc artt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir di\u011fer kan\u0131t\u0131 oluyor.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rma g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki deneyimlerin\/\u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n taleplerinin daha iyi incelenerek i\u015ften ba\u011flant\u0131 koparma ya da ba\u015fka bir ifade ile eri\u015filememe hakk\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrkiyeli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n da yak\u0131n zamanda dile getirmesi, bu talepleri g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr k\u0131lacak \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n da gerekti\u011fi su g\u00f6t\u00fcrmeyecek bir ger\u00e7ek olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda duruyor.<\/p>\n

politeknik.org.tr<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> https:\/\/www.birgun.net\/haber\/uzaktan-calisma-kalici-hale-getiriliyor-orgutlenmenin-topragi-zayiflar-331942<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> https:\/\/www.dw.com\/tr\/evden-%C3%A7al%C4%B1%C5%9Fma-%C3%A7al%C4%B1%C5%9Fan%C4%B1-s%C3%B6m%C3%BCr%C3%BCyor-mu\/a-56581034<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a>https:\/\/www.eurofound.europa.eu\/data\/covid-19\/working-teleworking<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> https:\/\/hbswk.hbs.edu\/item\/you-re-right-you-are-working-longer-and-attending-more-meetings<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> https:\/\/www.eurofound.europa.eu\/data\/covid-19\/working-teleworking<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/business\/2021\/feb\/04\/home-workers-putting-in-more-hours-since-covid-research<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a> https:\/\/www.duke-nus.edu.sg\/about\/media\/media-releases\/media-releases\/covid-19-1-in-3-adults-anxious-depressed<\/p>\n

[8]<\/a> https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/news\/en\/press-room\/20210114IPR95618\/right-to-disconnect-should-be-an-eu-wide-fundamental-right-meps-say<\/p>\n

[9]<\/a> https:\/\/www.cgt.fr\/actualites\/france\/interprofessionnel\/conditions-de-travail\/enquete-ugict-cgt<\/p>\n

[10]<\/a> https:\/\/travail-emploi.gouv.fr\/<\/p>\n

[11]<\/a> https:\/\/tr.sputniknews.com\/avrupa\/202005281042139153-isvicre-yuksek-mahkemesi-sirketler-evden-calisanlarin-kira-odemelerine-katkida-bulunmali\/<\/p>\n

[12]<\/a> https:\/\/tr.sputniknews.com\/avrupa\/202010071042987204-evden-calisanin-tuvalet-kagidi-cay-kahve-elektrik-isinma-ve-teknik-masrafini-kim-odeyecek\/<\/p>\n

[13]<\/a> http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/politeknik-muhendis-mimar-sehir-plancilarinin-calisma-hayatinda-covid-19-arastirmasi-sonuclandi\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Pandemi ile birlikte evden\/uzaktan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma durumu eskiye oranla b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131. Evden…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":34463,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4695,4694,5238,2000,2,4696],"tags":[5112,3712,5229],"class_list":{"0":"post-34460","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-beyaz-yaka-calisma-yasami-haberler","8":"category-calisma-yasami-haberler","9":"category-covid-19-ve-calisma-hayati","10":"category-dosya","11":"category-haberler","12":"category-ucretli-muhendisler","13":"tag-evden-calisma","14":"tag-manset","15":"tag-uzaktan-calisma"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34460","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34460"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34460\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/34463"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34460"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34460"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34460"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}