{"id":3529,"date":"2012-01-03T18:22:48","date_gmt":"2012-01-03T15:22:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/\/?p=3529"},"modified":"2019-01-29T14:45:20","modified_gmt":"2019-01-29T11:45:20","slug":"bogazici-kopruleri-cozum-degil-yagma-projeleri-besim-sertok","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/bogazici-kopruleri-cozum-degil-yagma-projeleri-besim-sertok\/","title":{"rendered":"Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i k\u00f6pr\u00fcleri: \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm de\u011fil ya\u011fma projeleri -Besim Sertok"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Son olarak cinayet ihalesinin 10 Ocak 2012 tarihinde Ankara\u2019da yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 ilan edildi. \u201c3. K\u00f6pr\u00fc Yerine Ya\u015fam Platformu\u201d olarak bu ihalede, biz de kendi teklifimizi vermek \u00fczere 10 Ocak 2012 tarihinde Ankara\u2019da olaca\u011f\u0131z. Ancak bizim teklifimiz ticari olmayacak! \u0130haleyi yapanlara ve varsa ihaleye girecek olanlara, ya\u015fam\u0131n yok edilmemesini, bu cinayetin orta\u011f\u0131 ya da tetik\u00e7isi olmamalar\u0131n\u0131 teklif edece\u011fiz. Bu bak\u0131\u015fla ve en ba\u015f\u0131ndan beri savundu\u011fumuz \u201corman\u0131na, suyuna, mahallene, ya\u015fam\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131k\u201d \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131m\u0131zla, t\u00fcm \u00fclkeden ya\u015fam savunucular\u0131n\u0131 yeni bir cinayeti \u00f6nlemek \u00fczere Ankara\u2019ya bekliyoruz.<\/strong><\/div>\n
Avrupa ve Asya k\u0131talar\u0131n\u0131 ay\u0131ran Bo\u011faz’dan kar\u015f\u0131dan kar\u015f\u0131ya kolayca ge\u00e7ebilme fikri y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca \u00e7ekicili\u011fini korudu. 20. y\u00fczy\u0131lda da, \u0130stanbul Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bir k\u00f6pr\u00fcyle ge\u00e7ilmesi konusunda zaman zaman de\u011fi\u015fik m\u00fchendislik projeleri \u00fcretilse de bunlar tasar\u0131 halinde kald\u0131. 1950\u2019li y\u0131llardan ba\u015flayarak karayolcu politikalar\u0131n egemen oldu\u011fu \u00fclkemizde 40 y\u0131ldan bu yana \u0130stanbul Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019na yap\u0131lacak k\u00f6pr\u00fcler hep \u00f6nemli bir tart\u0131\u015fma konusu oldu.\u00a0<\/p>\n

1. k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarih olan 1973 y\u0131l\u0131ndan \u00f6nce, \u201ck\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fcz\u201d \u0130stanbul Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019ndan y\u0131lda 5 milyon ara\u00e7, 113 milyon yolcu ge\u00e7erken, 1974 y\u0131l\u0131nda k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn yap\u0131m\u0131yla Bo\u011faz\u2019\u0131 ge\u00e7en\u00a0ara\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 200 artarak<\/strong>\u00a014 milyon; buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k\u00a0yolcu say\u0131s\u0131 y\u00fczde 4<\/strong>\u00a0artarak 118 milyon olmu\u015ftur.\u00a0<\/p>\n

1. k\u00f6pr\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce, \u0130stanbul \u00e7ok merkezli bir kentti. Belki de daha do\u011fru bir ifadeyle, bug\u00fcn \u0130stanbul diye an\u0131lan co\u011frafyada, \u0130stanbul ile \u201ckar\u015f\u0131\u201d ya da Anadolu yakas\u0131 olmak \u00fczere en az\u0131ndan iki kent bulunuyordu. Birinci k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131yla, \u0130stanbul\u2019un tek merkezli bir kent ya da \u201cdevasa bir k\u00f6y\u201d olmas\u0131n\u0131n yolu a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Oysa g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz bilimsel \u015fehircilik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve \u015fehir planlama teknikleri, b\u00fcy\u00fcyen kentlerde uygar bir ya\u015fam i\u00e7in \u00e7ok merkezli planlamay\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z bir kesinlikle dikte etmektedir. D\u00fcnyadaki \u00f6rnekler de, \u00e7ok merkezli kentlerde uygar bir ya\u015fam s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrken, tek merkezli yerle\u015fmelerin ancak \u201cdevasa bir k\u00f6y\u201d olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Bo\u011faz k\u00f6pr\u00fclerinin tarihsel-ekonomik arka plan\u0131<\/strong>\u00a0
1950\u2019li y\u0131llardan ba\u015flayarak karayolcu politikalar egemen olurken, k\u0131rsal b\u00f6lgelerdeki tar\u0131m ve ormanc\u0131l\u0131k alan\u0131nda da benzeri geli\u015fmeler ya\u015fand\u0131. Cumhuriyet\u2019in kurulu\u015fundan beri \u00fclke y\u00f6neticileri taraf\u0131ndan s\u0131kl\u0131kla dile getirilen (ve toprak m\u00fclkiyet yap\u0131s\u0131nda topraks\u0131z \u00e7ift\u00e7i lehine bir de\u011fi\u015fimi gerektiren)\u00a0\u201cToprak Reformu\u201d\u00a0<\/strong>kavram\u0131, 1950\u2019li y\u0131llarla beraber yerini (m\u00fclkiyet yap\u0131s\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapmaks\u0131z\u0131n, \u00fcretim art\u0131\u015f\u0131 sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in tar\u0131mda makinele\u015fmeyi, kredi imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131, pazarlama, sulama vb. konularda altyap\u0131 olu\u015fturulmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6ren)\u00a0\u201cTar\u0131m Reformu\u201d<\/strong>\u00a0kavram\u0131na b\u0131rakt\u0131. K\u0131rsal alan y\u00f6netimi ile ilgili, 60\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131n sonunda\u00a0\u201ck\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck toplum birimlerinde te\u015febb\u00fcs g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn geli\u015ftirilmesi\u201d<\/strong>\u00a0kavram\u0131 kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flan\u0131l\u0131rken, 90\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131n sonuna gelindi\u011finde\u00a0\u201cy\u00f6neti\u015fim\u201d<\/strong>\u00a0kavram\u0131 ortaya at\u0131ld\u0131. Bilindi\u011fi gibi y\u00f6neti\u015fim kavram\u0131 ile kamu, vatanda\u015fl\u0131k gibi unsurlar, \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r ve piyasalar lehine anlam\u0131n\u0131 yitirmi\u015f ve bu kavramlar\u0131n yerini piyasa ve m\u00fc\u015fteri kavramlar\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye g\u0131da \u00fcretimi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan kendine yeten 7 \u00fclkeden biri iken, 80\u2019lerden itibaren, ba\u015fta bu\u011fday olmak \u00fczere, g\u0131da ve tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnleri sat\u0131n alan bir \u00fclkeye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. 2010 y\u0131l\u0131na gelindi\u011finde T\u00fcrkiye, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en pahal\u0131 etinin t\u00fcketildi\u011fi \u00fclke olmu\u015ftur.\u00a0<\/p>\n

1940\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan zeytincilik, \u00e7ay ve maki kanunlar\u0131 hukuki ve fiili orman s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 daralt\u0131rken, 1956 y\u0131l\u0131nda (bug\u00fcn de y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte olan) 6831 Say\u0131l\u0131 Orman Kanunu\u2019nun y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmesiyle ilk 4-5 y\u0131lda 300 bin hektar orman, \u201chukuki\u201d orman s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 6831 say\u0131l\u0131 yasan\u0131n, orman k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik oldu\u011fu iddia edilen maddelerinin uygulamas\u0131nda ise da\u011f fare do\u011furmu\u015ftur. 1973 y\u0131l\u0131nda (1960 Anayasas\u0131\u2019na dayanarak) \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan bir kanunla, ormanlar\u0131 i\u015fgal edenlerin zaman i\u00e7inde bu alanlar\u0131 sahiplenebilmelerini sa\u011flayan 2\/B uygulamas\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131. 12 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019le birlikte de\u011fi\u015fen Anayasa\u2019daki ormanc\u0131l\u0131kla ilgili h\u00fck\u00fcmler de Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n ruhuna ve 24 Ocak Kararlar\u0131\u2019na uygun olarak de\u011fi\u015fti. Bu anayasada 2\/B ile orman d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lacak alanlar\u0131n, orman niteli\u011fini kaybet(iril)me tarihsel s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131, 15.10.1961\u2019den 31.12.1981\u2019e al\u0131nd\u0131, 2\/B olarak ayr\u0131lacak alanlar\u0131n \u201csu ve toprak rejimine zarar vermeyen, orman b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc bozmayan\u201d alanlar olmas\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fc kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde ormanc\u0131l\u0131k alan\u0131nda \u00f6zelle\u015ftirmeci uygulamalarla, \u201cdevlet orman\u0131\u201d say\u0131lan alanlardan ormanc\u0131l\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ama\u00e7larla, \u00f6zel ki\u015fi ve kurumlar\u0131n yararlanmas\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n kapsam\u0131 giderek geni\u015fletildi. 2000\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda AKP, hen\u00fcz iktidar\u0131n\u0131n ilk aylar\u0131nda \u201corman\u201d say\u0131lmayan yerleri herkese satabilmek, devlet orman i\u015fletmecili\u011fi d\u00fczenini \u00f6zelle\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla Anayasa\u2019y\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirme giri\u015fiminde bulundu. Ergun \u00d6zbudun ve arkada\u015flar\u0131nca haz\u0131rlan\u0131p kamuoyuna a\u00e7\u0131klanan Anayasa Tasla\u011f\u0131nda, ba\u015fta (12 Eyl\u00fcl Anayasas\u0131 ile 1961\u2019den 31.2.1981\u2019e \u00e7ekilen) 2\/B tarih s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n 23.07.2007 tarihine \u00e7ekilmesi olmak \u00fczere ormanlar\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131na neden olacak bir\u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fiklik \u00f6neriliyordu. \u00d6zet olarak bu d\u00f6nemde \u201cdevlet orman\u0131\u201d say\u0131lan alanlar, giri\u015fimci sermayedarlar taraf\u0131ndan ormanc\u0131l\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n serbest\u00e7e yap\u0131labildi\u011fi alanlar haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.\u00a0<\/p>\n

50\u2019li y\u0131llarda uygulanan politikalar hem sanayiye yat\u0131r\u0131m yapabilecek bir \u00f6zel kesimi, hem de n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve tar\u0131mda makinele\u015fme sonucunda k\u00f6yden kente g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc (i\u015fsiz g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc) ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Yaln\u0131zca ekonomik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctler d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclerek (toplumsal ve do\u011fal \u00e7evre d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmeden) te\u015fvik edilen sanayi, \u201coptimal\u201d olarak \u00fc\u00e7\u2013be\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck kentte topland\u0131. Bu geli\u015fme sanayinin topland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kentlerde arsa (kent topra\u011f\u0131) k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 azd\u0131rd\u0131. Kentlerdeki arsa k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kaynaklanan spek\u00fclatif kazan\u00e7, sermayedarlar i\u00e7in sanayiye yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmaktan daha karl\u0131 hale gelince, b\u00fcy\u00fck kentlerde kamusal arazilerin (yak\u0131nlardaki ormanlar, meralar vb. do\u011fal ve yaban\u0131l alanlar) gasp edilmesi h\u0131zland\u0131. B\u00f6ylece, kentlerde rantiyeci ve arsa spek\u00fclat\u00f6r\u00fc bir toplumsal katman gittik\u00e7e palazland\u0131. Bu rantiyeci arsa spek\u00fclat\u00f6rleri her t\u00fcrl\u00fc kamu arazisi gibi orman alanlar\u0131n\u0131 da i\u015fgal ederek, k\u0131rsaldan g\u00f6\u00e7en i\u015fsiz i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne gecekondu arazisi olarak \u201cuygun fiyatlarla\u201d pazarlad\u0131lar.\u00a0<\/p>\n

K\u00f6pr\u00fcler ve darbeler\u00a0<\/strong>
Cumhuriyetin kurulu\u015fundan itibaren k\u0131rsal alan y\u00f6netimi ve tar\u0131m ormanc\u0131l\u0131k politikalar\u0131nda bunlar ya\u015fan\u0131rken, \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan sonra \u0130stanbul Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019na yap\u0131lacak bir \u201casma k\u00f6pr\u00fc\u201d hep tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Gazete ar\u015fivleri bu s\u00fcreci ortaya koyuyor. 1950\u201360 aras\u0131 neredeyse her ay gazetelerde bir \u201cAsma K\u00f6pr\u00fc\u201d haberi var. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131llarda gazetelerde, 6 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde Mecidiyek\u00f6y\u2019den Yenikap\u0131\u2019ya metro ile gidilebilece\u011fi haberleri de var. 6 y\u0131l de\u011fil, aradan ge\u00e7en 60 y\u0131la ra\u011fmen hala s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen metro projesi bitirilemedi. Buna ra\u011fmen, bug\u00fcn \u0130stanbul Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019na yap\u0131lacak \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor olmas\u0131, o g\u00fcnden bu g\u00fcne \u00fclkeyi y\u00f6netenlerin birbirlerine alternatif siyasal ak\u0131mlar\u0131 temsil ediyor gibi g\u00f6sterilmelerine ra\u011fmen uygulamada ne kadar birbirlerinin ayn\u0131s\u0131 olduklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor.\u00a0<\/p>\n

60\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda \u201cBo\u011faz\u2019a de\u011fil Zap\u2019a k\u00f6pr\u00fc\u201d diyerek k\u0131rsal alan ve tar\u0131m politikalar\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekerek, bunu hayata ge\u00e7iren ve Zap\u2019a k\u00f6pr\u00fc yapanlar, 6 May\u0131s 1972\u2019de idam edildi. \u0130dam edilenlerle birlikte hareket eden bir\u00e7ok insan bask\u0131n ve \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalarla \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclerek ya da tutuklanarak etkisizle\u015ftirildi. \u201cBo\u011fazi\u00e7i K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc\u201d, idamlardan bir bu\u00e7uk y\u0131l sonra, Cumhuriyetin 50. y\u0131l\u0131 t\u00f6renleriyle birlikte 29 Ekim 1973\u2019te a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Aradan 3-4 y\u0131l ge\u00e7meden transit ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131kta kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 iddia edilen 2. k\u00f6pr\u00fc tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaya ba\u015flan\u0131ld\u0131. 1984 y\u0131l\u0131nda, daha 2. k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn yap\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015flanmadan 3. Bo\u011faz K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. 3 Temmuz 1988’de 2. k\u00f6pr\u00fc (FSM) zaman\u0131n ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Turgut \u00d6zal taraf\u0131ndan hizmete a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Yine \u0130stanbul Bo\u011faz\u0131na yap\u0131lan bir k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn in\u015faat\u0131 s\u00fcrerken, 2\/B kanununda de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131l\u0131yor. Ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde gazetelerde, ba\u011flant\u0131 yollar\u0131ndaki orman katliam\u0131 haberleri yer al\u0131yor. Yine ayn\u0131 y\u0131llarda IMF ve DB programlar\u0131yla tar\u0131m \u00fcretiminde piyasa ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n h\u00e2kim olaca\u011f\u0131 bir politika de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor.\u00a0<\/p>\n

3. k\u00f6pr\u00fc ve \u0130stanbul\u2019un ya\u011fmalanmas\u0131<\/strong>\u00a0
Ula\u015f\u0131m ve ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131kta demir ve deniz yollar\u0131 aleyhine desteklenen karayollar\u0131nda, otoyol yap\u0131m\u0131na 1980\u2019lerde ge\u00e7ildi. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin d\u00fcnya pazarlar\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n gere\u011fi ve sonucu olan bu geli\u015fme, di\u011fer pek \u00e7ok alandan kesilen kamu kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn bu alana yat\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Daha 2. k\u00f6pr\u00fc yap\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015flanmadan, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 da bu d\u00f6nemde uluslararas\u0131 in\u015faat firmalar\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131. Bunlar\u0131n sonucunda plans\u0131z ve d\u00fczensiz \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fcmesini\u201d s\u00fcrd\u00fcren \u0130stanbul\u2019da, 1950\u2019li y\u0131llardan itibaren rantiyeci arsa spek\u00fclat\u00f6rleri taraf\u0131ndan (o zaman kentin uzak k\u00f6\u015feleri olan) hazine ve orman arazilerinden i\u015fgal edilerek gecekonduculara pazarlanan araziler de, kentin merkezi yerleri olmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Ancak bu alanlar\u0131n altyap\u0131s\u0131 ve sosyal donat\u0131lar\u0131 yetersizdi. \u0130\u015fte \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye \u00f6zg\u00fc kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u201d kavram\u0131 da bu d\u00f6nemde ke\u015ffedildi.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Bu politikalar\u0131n bir devam\u0131 olarak, \u00fclkenin uluslararas\u0131 pazara a\u00e7\u0131lma politikalar\u0131n\u0131n da kapsam\u0131 geni\u015fletilerek s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi nedeniyle, \u0130stanbul Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019na yap\u0131lacak 3. k\u00f6pr\u00fc tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 bu d\u00f6nemde de g\u00fcndemden d\u00fc\u015fmedi. Bir yandan ilk iki k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn zararlar\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fayan \u0130stanbullular\u0131n toplumsal tepkisi (\u00f6zellikle Arnavutk\u00f6yl\u00fclerin \u00e7ok ses getiren tepkileri), bir yandan da k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn yerel y\u00f6netimler ile merkezi h\u00fck\u00fcmetler aras\u0131ndaki bir politik \u00e7eki\u015fme alan\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 nedeniyle 3. k\u00f6pr\u00fc projesi bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc uygulanamad\u0131. Daha sonra ba\u015fbakan olacak olan\u00a0R.T. Erdo\u011fan<\/strong>\u00a0\u201c3. K\u00f6pr\u00fc \u0130stanbul\u2019a Y\u00f6nelik Bir Cinayettir<\/em>\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc (1995) \u0130BB Ba\u015fkan\u0131 iken bu d\u00f6nemde s\u00f6yledi. Fakat k\u00f6pr\u00fc projesinin olu\u015fturucular\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan bu projeden vazge\u00e7ilmedi\u011fi gibi, tepkiler sonucu vazge\u00e7ilmi\u015f gibi yap\u0131larak, her seferinde daha 50\u2019li y\u0131llarda belirlenen 9 g\u00fczerg\u00e2htan bir ba\u015fkas\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131.\u00a0<\/p>\n

K\u00f6pr\u00fc de\u011fil insanca ya\u015fam\u00a0<\/strong>
3. k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn Arnavutk\u00f6y\u2019den ge\u00e7memesi i\u00e7in, semtlerini korumak refleksiyle 1998\u2019den itibaren bir araya gelen Arnavutk\u00f6yl\u00fcler \u201cArnavutk\u00f6y Semt Giri\u015fimi (ASG)\u201d ad\u0131yla bir \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fck olu\u015fturdular. Zaman i\u00e7erisinde ASG, Arnavutk\u00f6y\u2019den ge\u00e7mese de 3. k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0130stanbul i\u00e7in cinayet oldu\u011funu kavray\u0131p bunu toplumla payla\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. ASG \u0130stanbul Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019na yap\u0131lacak yeni bir k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn zararlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadelesini aral\u0131ks\u0131z s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc.\u00a0<\/p>\n

2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda Orman M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131 \u0130stanbul \u015eubesi\u2019nin \u00e7abalar\u0131yla olu\u015fan \u201c3. K\u00f6pr\u00fc Yerine Ya\u015fam Platformu\u201d i\u00e7erisinde de ASG yerini ald\u0131. \u201c3. K\u00f6pr\u00fc Yerine Ya\u015fam Platformu\u201d 3. k\u00f6pr\u00fc projesinin bir ula\u015ft\u0131rma projesi de\u011fil, kentsel rant politikalar\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 oldu\u011funu topluma anlatarak, sorunun Sar\u0131yer, Arnavutk\u00f6y vb. bir semt sorunu de\u011fil t\u00fcm \u0130stanbul\u2019un hatta T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin sorunu oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fle, \u0130stanbul\u2019un her k\u00f6\u015fesinden kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ad\u0131yla, kentsel rant politikalar\u0131n\u0131n ma\u011fduru olan bir\u00e7ok yerel inisiyatifle beraber, TMMOB\u2019ye ba\u011fl\u0131 meslek odalar\u0131, sendikalar, benzeri meslek \u00f6rg\u00fctleri, do\u011fa ve \u00e7evre duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile bir araya gelmi\u015f dernekler, siyasi partiler gibi hayat\u0131n her alan\u0131ndan emek, ya\u015fam ve do\u011fa \u00f6rg\u00fctleri \u201c3. K\u00f6pr\u00fc Yerine Ya\u015fam Platformu\u201d i\u00e7erisinde yerlerini ald\u0131lar.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Neredeyse her 6 ayda bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet taraf\u0131ndan yeni bir g\u00fczerg\u00e2h a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131rken, a\u00e7\u0131klanan yeni g\u00fczerg\u00e2h \u00e7evresinde ya\u015fayan semtlerin insanlar\u0131 binlerce ki\u015fiyle soka\u011fa d\u00f6k\u00fclerek tepkilerini dile getirdiler. Ba\u011flant\u0131 ve \u00e7evre yollar\u0131 g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131 hi\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015fmemesine ra\u011fmen, son olarak h\u00fck\u00fcmet taraf\u0131ndan, yaln\u0131zca k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn yerinin, hi\u00e7 yerle\u015fim bulunmayan ve bo\u011faz\u0131n en kuzeyinde bulunan \u201cGarip\u00e7e- Poyrazk\u00f6y\u201d g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131.\u00a0<\/p>\n

G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi 3. k\u00f6pr\u00fc, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin 1990\u2019larda ba\u015flayan yeni d\u00f6nem sermaye birikimi stratejilerinin \u00f6nemli bir aya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015ftururken ayn\u0131 zamanda, uluslararas\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7 ve kararlar\u0131n da par\u00e7as\u0131 haline gelmektedir.\u00a0<\/p>\n

3. k\u00f6pr\u00fc projesi;\u00a0
\u2022\tBir yandan sermayenin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 meta \u00fcretimini h\u0131zla dola\u015f\u0131ma sokma e\u011filimine cevap verirken;\u00a0
\u2022\tBir yandan da devasa altyap\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmesi dolay\u0131s\u0131yla a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 biriken para-sermayenin bir dizi sekt\u00f6r taraf\u0131ndan absorbe edilmesinin sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn de d\u00fcnya genelinde kendini 2008 krizi ile a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa vuran muazzam bir para-sermaye birikimi bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u0130stanbul Bo\u011faz\u0131na yap\u0131lmak istenen 3. K\u00f6pr\u00fc Projesi de toplumun ula\u015f\u0131m ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamay\u0131 de\u011fil, yeni karlar elde etmek \u00fczere bu para-sermaye birikiminin olanaklar\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletmeyi ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Tar\u0131m\u0131 ve hayvanc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6km\u00fc\u015f, yerle\u015fim ve sanayile\u015fmesi plans\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa dayal\u0131, k\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netemeyen bir T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de, \u0130stanbul\u2019un ula\u015f\u0131m ve ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131k sorunu k\u00f6pr\u00fclerle \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclemeyecek, aksine bu sorunlara yo\u011fun kent, ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131m maliyeti, su, rekreasyon, yaban hayat\u0131 gibi pek \u00e7ok sorun daha eklenecektir.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Emek ve meslek \u00f6rg\u00fctleri bu g\u00f6rev sizin!<\/strong>\u00a0
\u0130stanbul\u2019un b\u00fct\u00fcn sorunlar\u0131 gibi 3. k\u00f6pr\u00fc sorunu da, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin k\u0131rsal alan y\u00f6netimi ve ormanc\u0131l\u0131k politikalar\u0131 ile b\u00fcy\u00fck kentlerde ucuz i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc olu\u015fturmak ve sermayenin bitmeyen krizlerine do\u011fal alanlar\u0131 metala\u015ft\u0131rarak kaynak olu\u015fturmak gibi politik temelli sorunlard\u0131r. Sorunu kayna\u011f\u0131, k\u00f6t\u00fc kent planlar\u0131 ya da ula\u015f\u0131m planlar\u0131 gibi teknik de\u011fil, politik oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in politik d\u00fczlemde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131 aranmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu d\u00fczlemde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm aramak ve \u00fcretmek de, emekten ve ya\u015famdan yana politikalar \u00fcreten siyasi partiler, sendikalar, meslek \u00f6rg\u00fctleri gibi \u00f6rg\u00fctlere d\u00fc\u015fer.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Haziran 2011\u2019de yap\u0131lan genel se\u00e7imlerden bu yana, meslek \u00f6rg\u00fctleri h\u00fck\u00fcmete ba\u011fl\u0131 organlar haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmeye ve mesleklerinin “… kamu ve ki\u015fi yarar\u0131na uygulan\u0131p geli\u015ftirilmesini sa\u011flamak” faaliyetlerinin yasaklanmas\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Bu gibi \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin sindirme politikalar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda tepkilerini yaz\u0131l\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamalarla g\u00f6stermeleri yerine \u00fcyeleri ve toplumla birlikte ya\u015fam\u0131 savunmaya, cinayetleri \u00f6nlemeye devam etmeleri gerekiyor.\u00a0<\/p>\n

S\u00f6zde arsa spek\u00fclasyonuna neden olmamak amac\u0131yla y\u0131llarca kesin g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klanmayan bu cinayet k\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn, g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinden neredeyse iki y\u0131l ge\u00e7mesine ra\u011fmen iki kez ertelenen ihalesi bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilemedi. Son olarak cinayet ihalesinin 10 Ocak 2012 tarihinde Ankara\u2019da yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 ilan edildi.\u00a0\u201c3. K\u00f6pr\u00fc Yerine Ya\u015fam Platformu\u201d olarak bu ihalede, biz de kendi teklifimizi vermek \u00fczere 10 Ocak 2012 tarihinde Ankara\u2019da olaca\u011f\u0131z. Ancak bizim teklifimiz ticari olmayacak! \u0130haleyi yapanlara ve varsa ihaleye girecek olanlara ya\u015fam\u0131n yok edilmemesini, bu cinayetin orta\u011f\u0131 ya da tetik\u00e7isi olmamalar\u0131n\u0131 teklif edece\u011fiz.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu bak\u0131\u015fla ve ba\u015f\u0131ndan beri savundu\u011fumuz \u201corman\u0131na, suyuna, mahallene ya\u015fam\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131k\u201d \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131m\u0131zla t\u00fcm \u00fclkeden ya\u015fam savunucular\u0131n\u0131 yeni bir cinayeti \u00f6nlemek \u00fczere Ankara\u2019ya bekliyoruz.\u00a0<\/p>\n

* Besim Sertok\u00a0
Orman M\u00fchendisi\u00a0
3. K\u00f6pr\u00fc Yerine Ya\u015fam Platformu S\u00f6zc\u00fcs\u00fc<\/div>\n

<\/div>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\nSon olarak cinayet ihalesinin 10 Ocak 2012 tarihinde Ankara\u2019da yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 ilan edildi. \u201c3. K\u00f6pr\u00fc Yerine Ya\u015fam Platformu\u201d olarak bu ihalede, biz de kendi teklifimizi vermek \u00fczere 10 Ocak 2012 tarihinde Ankara\u2019da olaca\u011f\u0131z. Ancak bizim teklifimiz ticari olmayacak! \u0130haleyi yapanlara ve varsa ihaleye girecek olanlara, ya\u015fam\u0131n yok edilmemesini, bu cinayetin orta\u011f\u0131 ya da tetik\u00e7isi olmamalar\u0131n\u0131 teklif edece\u011fiz. Bu bak\u0131\u015fla ve en ba\u015f\u0131ndan beri savundu\u011fumuz \u201corman\u0131na, suyuna, mahallene, ya\u015fam\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131k\u201d \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131m\u0131zla, t\u00fcm \u00fclkeden ya\u015fam savunucular\u0131n\u0131 yeni bir cinayeti \u00f6nlemek \u00fczere Ankara\u2019ya bekliyoruz.\n\n\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4723,1991],"tags":[1503,79,1497],"class_list":{"0":"post-3529","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-kent-ve-doga-yazilar","8":"category-yazilar","9":"tag-10-ocak","10":"tag-3-kopru","11":"tag-ihale"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3529","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3529"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3529\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3529"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3529"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3529"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}