{"id":36536,"date":"2021-10-20T13:59:11","date_gmt":"2021-10-20T10:59:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/?p=36536"},"modified":"2021-10-25T15:42:40","modified_gmt":"2021-10-25T12:42:40","slug":"gecilemeyen-sinirlar-zeynel-firat-aydin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/gecilemeyen-sinirlar-zeynel-firat-aydin\/","title":{"rendered":"Ge\u00e7ilemeyen s\u0131n\u0131rlar \u2013 Zeynel F\u0131rat Ayd\u0131n"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00dclkelerin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131 gerek\u00e7elerle duvarlarla ya da setlerle kapat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok uzun bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fi var. E\u011fer neolitik d\u00f6nemlerde vah\u015fi hayvan sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131ndan korunma ama\u00e7l\u0131 yap\u0131lan ilkel barikatlar\u0131 saymayacaksak, belki de en eskileri M\u00d6 7. yy. da yap\u0131lan \u00c7in’in me\u015fhur \u00c7in Seddi, 5 ile 6. yy. s\u0131ralar\u0131nda yap\u0131lan \u0130ran’\u0131n Gurgan duvar\u0131, Hindistan\u2019\u0131n MS 1.yy. da yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Madukkarai ile Roma’n\u0131n Britanya adas\u0131na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Antonine (MS 142) ve Hadrian (MS 122) duvarlar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir. Bu duvarlar\u0131n hepsinin ortak bir amac\u0131 var; duvar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndan gelen \u2018ya\u011fmac\u0131lara\u2019 engel olmak ya da onlar\u0131 belirli yollar\u0131 kullanmaya zorlamak. Bu bilinen amac\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tarih\u00e7iler farkl\u0131 ama\u00e7lar da ortaya atmad\u0131 de\u011fil. \u00c7in Seddi\u2019nden Roma\u2019n\u0131n Britanya’daki setlerine kadar bahsetti\u011fimiz tarihi b\u00fcy\u00fck duvarlar\/setler bir bak\u0131ma yar\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7ebe halklar\u0131n g\u00f6\u00e7 yollar\u0131na yap\u0131ld\u0131. S\u0131n\u0131rlara yap\u0131lan setlerin yar\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7ebe halklar\u0131 belirli alanlarda toplayarak vergi al\u0131nabilir \u015fehirli ya da k\u00f6yl\u00fc haline getirme amac\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 da s\u00f6yleniyor. Ne de olsa y\u00f6netenler vergilendiremediklerini sevmezler.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde yap\u0131lan s\u0131n\u0131r duvarlar\u0131\/setleri bir bak\u0131ma benzer ama\u00e7lar ta\u015f\u0131yor; insanlar\u0131n g\u00f6\u00e7 yollar\u0131na girmelerini engellemek maksad\u0131yla yap\u0131l\u0131yorlar. D\u00fcnya’daki s\u0131n\u0131r setlerinin yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131 \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131. 2000\u2019lerden bu yanaysa setlerin in\u015fas\u0131 \u00e7ok daha fazla artt\u0131. \u0130n\u015fa edilen, edilmekte olan veya edilmesi planlanan s\u0131n\u0131r setleri i\u00e7in pek \u00e7ok resmi sebep \u00fcretiliyor. Bu sebepler, illegal g\u00f6\u00e7menli\u011fi, uyu\u015fturucu ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve ter\u00f6rizmi \u00f6nlemek \u015feklinde s\u0131ralan\u0131yor. Bunlar ne kadar ger\u00e7ek ayr\u0131 bir konu ancak setlerin i\u015fe yaray\u0131p yaramad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Bunu ara\u015ft\u0131ran pek \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yap\u0131ld\u0131 ve makale yay\u0131mland\u0131. \u0130sterseniz \u00f6nce D\u00fcnya\u2019da yap\u0131lmakta olan, yaln\u0131zca beton duvarlardan olu\u015fmayan s\u0131n\u0131r setlerine, sonra da \u00fclkemizde yap\u0131lan ve yap\u0131lmakta olan setlere bir bakal\u0131m.<\/p>\n

\"\"D\u00fcnyadan \u00f6rnekler<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Modern s\u0131n\u0131r setlerinden bahsedilecekse ilk bahsedilmesi gereken \u0130srail\/Filistin (Bat\u0131 \u015eeria) aras\u0131na yap\u0131lan set olmal\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye’de daha \u00e7ok ‘Utan\u00e7 Duvar\u0131’ olarak bilinen, \u0130sraillilerin Ayr\u0131m Duvar\u0131 (\u1e24omat HaHafrada<\/em>) dedi\u011fi, Filistinlilerin ise Apartheid Duvar\u0131 (jidar al-fasl al-‘unsuri) dedi\u011fi 438 km\u2019si bitmi\u015f ve tamamlan\u0131nca 708 km olacak olan duvar. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler\u2019in tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 1949 Arap-\u0130srail Sava\u015f\u0131 sonucunda olu\u015fan Filistin(Bat\u0131-\u015eeria)-\u0130srail s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 olarak bilinen Ye\u015fil Hat’tan ge\u00e7mesi planlanan duvar, pek \u00e7ok hak ihlalini i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yor. Haaretz’in raporuna g\u00f6re duvar\u0131n sadece %15\u2019lik k\u0131sm\u0131 Ye\u015fil Hat’a uyuyor, geri kalan %85\u2019lik k\u0131s\u0131m Filistin s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ine girerek Filistin topraklar\u0131n\u0131 ihlal ediyor.[1]<\/a> Lahey Uluslararas\u0131 Adalet Divan\u0131 da bu sebeplerden duvar\u0131 tan\u0131m\u0131yor, y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ve arazilerine zarar verilen Filistinlilere tazminat \u00f6denmesi gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Duvar, \u0130kinci \u0130ntifada dahil say\u0131s\u0131z eyleme sebep ve sahne oldu. Me\u015fhur grafitici Banksy\u2019nin duvarda 9 grafitisi bulunuyor ve duvar d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck protest grafiti tuvali olarak biliniyor.[2]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0130srail’in M\u0131s\u0131r ile s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda da ba\u015fka bir duvar bulunuyor. \u0130branice Sha’on Ha\u1e24ol dedikleri, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019ye Kum Saati olarak \u00e7evrilen, yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7menli\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddia edilen, 245 km uzunlu\u011funda, son derece teknolojik bir set. M\u0131s\u0131r’da H\u00fcsn\u00fc M\u00fcbarek rejiminin y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131yla olu\u015fan kaosa kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131ld\u0131. Set, s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 ge\u00e7meye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan g\u00f6\u00e7men say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, ge\u00e7meye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken \u00f6len insan say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rarak azaltt\u0131.[3]<\/a><\/p>\n

Benzer bir set \u0130srail Gazze s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda da bulunuyor. Adeta bir a\u00e7\u0131k hapishane olan Gazze\u2019nin etraf\u0131 duvarlarla \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc. Gazze, \u0130srail taraf\u0131ndan kapan i\u00e7erisinde b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumda. Duvar, Gazze sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u015fiddetlendirdi.<\/p>\n

Pakistan ile Afganistan aras\u0131ndaki s\u0131n\u0131r setinin in\u015faat\u0131 2017\u2019de ba\u015flad\u0131, bu sene tamamland\u0131. 2640 km uzunlu\u011fundaki s\u0131n\u0131r seti D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n en uzun duvarlar\u0131ndan biri. Her zaman oldu\u011fu gibi g\u00f6\u00e7menleri ve uyu\u015fturucu ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 engellemek amac\u0131yla yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 idda edilen sete, eski Afgan h\u00fck\u00fcmeti defalarca kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Duvar, yar\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7ebe kabilesi Pe\u015ftun halk\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fam alan\u0131n\u0131 ikiye b\u00f6ld\u00fc. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yukar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 milyon Afgan g\u00f6\u00e7men bulunan Pakistan’da, duvar\u0131n son g\u00f6\u00e7men dalgas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 ne kadar \u2018i\u015fe yarad\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019 me\u00e7hul. Duvara harcanan 532 milyon dolar\u0131n g\u00f6\u00e7menler i\u00e7in harcanmas\u0131yla neler olabilece\u011fi tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan bir konu.<\/p>\n

Hindistan ile Banglade\u015f aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lmakta olan 3406 km\u2019lik set ise bir ba\u015fka kriz konusu. Hindistan\u2019\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kom\u015fular\u0131na g\u00f6re daha iyi ekonomisi var. K\u00fclt\u00fcrel eski ba\u011flar da olunca Hindistan kom\u015fu \u00fclkeler Nepal, Butan, Banglade\u015f\u2019den g\u00f6\u00e7 al\u0131yor. \u015eu an iktidarda olan Modi\u2019nin Banglade\u015f s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 belki D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n en uzun setlerinden olacak s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n as\u0131l sebebinin, m\u00fcsl\u00fcman g\u00f6\u00e7menlere kar\u015f\u0131 ayr\u0131mc\u0131 politikalarla se\u00e7menler \u00fczerinde etki yaratmak oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor.[4]<\/a> Pek \u00e7ok kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ve insan \u00f6l\u00fcmlerinin sebebi olmu\u015f bir s\u0131n\u0131r olan Banglade\u015f ve Hindistan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel a\u00e7\u0131dan birbirine \u00e7ok yak\u0131n, 1947 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar aralar\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131r olmayan halklar aras\u0131na set olmu\u015f durumda. 15 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki Felani Khatun\u2019un babas\u0131yla Hindistan gezisinden d\u00f6nerken tellere tak\u0131l\u0131p \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131klar atarken s\u0131n\u0131r muhaf\u0131zlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fckten sonra \u00e7ekilen cans\u0131z bedeninin teller \u00fczerindeki foto\u011fraf\u0131, s\u0131n\u0131r duvarlar\u0131nda\/setlerindeki insan de\u011ferini b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ac\u0131yla g\u00f6steriyor.[5]<\/a><\/p>\n

ABD ile Meksika aras\u0131na \u00f6r\u00fclen s\u0131n\u0131r seti ise uzun s\u0131n\u0131r setleri aras\u0131nda bulunuyor ve yak\u0131n zamanda pek \u00e7ok kez an\u0131larak \u2018\u00fcn\u2019 kazand\u0131. Toplam 3145\u00a0km olan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n 1044 km\u2019lik k\u0131sm\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131r setleriyle kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumda. Set ABD eski ba\u015fkan\u0131 Trump d\u00f6neminde yaln\u0131zca 83 km daha uzat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olsa da, zay\u0131f tel \u00f6rg\u00fclerden olu\u015fan setin 727 km\u2019lik b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6zetleme kulelerinin oldu\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck duvarlara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.[6]<\/a> Set b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fayan yar\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7ebe yerli halklar\u0131n ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6ld\u00fc.[7]<\/a> Setlerin bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lgenin ekolojisi de zarar g\u00f6r\u00fcyor. En az 100 canl\u0131n\u0131n yok olmas\u0131na neden olacak ortamlar\u0131 yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 idda ediliyor.[8]<\/a> Meksika-ABD s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 hem Meksika\u2019dan hem de Orta Amerika\u2019dan pek \u00e7ok m\u00fcltecinin geldi\u011fi, m\u00fclteci \u00f6l\u00fcmlerinin \u00e7ok ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir s\u0131n\u0131r. Sadece 1998 ve 2017 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda bile 7216 g\u00f6\u00e7men \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f durumda.[9]<\/a> Bu nedenle s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n, duvarlar g\u00f6zetleme kuleleri ve insani ko\u015fullara ayk\u0131r\u0131 m\u00fclteci kamplar\u0131yla militarize edilmesine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok fazla tepki oldu. Yerli halklardan[10]<\/a>, Meksika halk\u0131ndan[11]<\/a> ve Amerikan halk\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fundan[12]<\/a> gelen tepkiler sayesinde set konusunda geri ad\u0131m at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu. Ancak Biden h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, Trump h\u00fck\u00fcmeti s\u0131ras\u0131nda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f setleri y\u0131kmad\u0131 ve hatta set yap\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeni araziler sat\u0131n almaya devam ediyor![13]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00c7evresi sar\u0131lan ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130srail alt\u0131 farkl\u0131 setle kendini \u00e7evrelemi\u015f, bir bak\u0131ma kale olmu\u015f bir \u00fclke. Hindistan\u2019da set say\u0131s\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 olsa da Banglade\u015f gibi \u00fclkeleri \u00e7ok uzun setlerle adeta \u00e7evrelemesiyle bir ba\u015fka kale \u00fclke! \u0130spanya da Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n kalesi \u00fcnvan\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Fas topraklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde, koloni d\u00f6neminden kalan Ceuta ve Melila isimli topraklar\u0131na olan y\u00fcksek ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu topraklar\u0131 kale gibi \u00e7evrelemesi ve bir zamanlar oralarda ya\u015fayan Berberilerin oralara ad\u0131m atmamalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamas\u0131 ile g\u00f6stermi\u015f.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00fclkelerden \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 bir \u00f6rnek bulunmakta, o da Suriye. Suriye\u2019nin kom\u015fu \u00fclkelere kar\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131r setleri yok, ancak L\u00fcbnan hari\u00e7 b\u00fct\u00fcn kom\u015fular\u0131 Suriye\u2019yi sarmalam\u0131\u015f durumda. \u00dclkelerin sebepleri ortak, m\u00fclteciler ve ter\u00f6rizm! \u015eu an Suriye i\u00e7 sava\u015f\u0131ndan ka\u00e7mak isteyen bir sivilseniz gidecek bir yeriniz yok; etraf\u0131n\u0131z sar\u0131ld\u0131, teslim olun!<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Benzer bir durum Afganistan\u2019da ya\u015fanmakta. S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 setlerle tamam\u0131yla kapanm\u0131\u015f Afganistan\u2019dan ka\u00e7mak hi\u00e7 kolay de\u011fil. Afganistan konusu daha da ilgin\u00e7 \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Afganistan\u2019dan Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n zengin \u00fclkelerine kadar her s\u0131n\u0131ra duvarlar \u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Afganistan\u2019da Taliban\u2019\u0131n iktidara gelece\u011finin sinyallerini veren ABD-Taliban g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri s\u00fcrerken \u00fclkeler duvarlar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fckseltmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131 bile. Kriz b\u00fcy\u00fcy\u00fcnce \u00fclkeler s\u0131n\u0131r setlerinin yap\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131rd\u0131lar ya da yenilediler. \u0130ran-Afganistan, T\u00fcrkiye-Iran[14]<\/a>, Yunanistan-T\u00fcrkiye[15]<\/a>, Polonya-Belarus[16]<\/a> s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na Afganistan krizinden hemen sonra setler \u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. Pek \u00e7ok Avrupa \u00fclkesi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 kapad\u0131 ve yeni set planlar\u0131 yap\u0131yor. Slovenya-H\u0131rvatistan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na set plan\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. H\u0131rvatistan S\u0131rbistan\u2019la aras\u0131na yeni bir set \u00f6rebilce\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor[17]<\/a>. Macaristan, H\u0131rvatistan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 kapatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.[18]<\/a> Taliban\u2019dan ka\u00e7an bir Afgan\u0131n kabul edilece\u011fi bir \u00fclkeye gidebilmesi i\u00e7in metrelerce y\u00fcksek pek \u00e7ok s\u0131n\u0131r setini a\u015fmas\u0131 gerekti ve hala gerekmekte.<\/p>\n

\"\"T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de s\u0131n\u0131r setleri<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye-\u0130ran s\u0131n\u0131r duvar\u0131, Afganistan krizinden hemen sonra AKP iktidar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan duyuruldu. \u0130n\u015faat\u0131 devam eden duvar 293 km olunca tamamlanacak. \u0130lk etapta 64 km\u2019lik k\u0131sm\u0131 in\u015fa ediliyor. 4 metre y\u00fckselikte olmas\u0131 planan duvarla birlikte derinli\u011fi ve geni\u015fli\u011fi 4 metre olan hendekler de kaz\u0131l\u0131yor.[19]<\/a> Valilik hendek uzunlu\u011funun 160 km olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Duvar ile hende\u011fin in\u015fas\u0131n\u0131n 2021 sene sonuna kadar bitmesi planlan\u0131yor. \u0130ran s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n co\u011frafi yap\u0131s\u0131 tamam\u0131yla duvar \u00f6r\u00fclmesine m\u00fcsait olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in duvar\u0131n g\u00f6\u00e7menleri ne kadar etkileyece\u011fi de me\u00e7hul. 293 km\u2019lik duvar\u0131n \u0130HA\u2019lar ile kontrol edilmesi planlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Setler TOK\u0130\u2019nin Milli Savunma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 protokoller gere\u011fi davet usul\u00fc yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ihaleler ile yapt\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor.[20]<\/a> Suriye T\u00fcrkiye s\u0131n\u0131r setinin\/duvar\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0 770 milyon TL\u2019lik k\u0131sm\u0131 30 ihaleyle da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131.[21]<\/a> Setler ihaleyi alanlar, onlar\u0131n ta\u015feronlar\u0131 pek \u00e7ok firmaya b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumda. Hendekler valilik ve jandarma taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131l\u0131yor, askeri g\u00fcvenlik kulelerini ise ordu yap\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Daha \u00f6nce benzer \u015fekilde in\u015fa edilen T\u00fcrkiye-Suriye setine\/duvar\u0131na \u00e7ok benziyor. 911 km\u2019lik Suriye s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na, geni\u015fli\u011fi 2 metre, y\u00fcksekli\u011fi tel \u00f6rg\u00fc ile birlikte 4 metre olan 837 km\u2019lik set \u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.[22]<\/a> Bu proje de TOK\u0130 taraf\u0131ndan pek \u00e7ok ta\u015feron firma kullan\u0131larak yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Duvara beton \u00fcreten eski AKP Reyhanl\u0131 \u0130l Genel Meclisi \u00fcyesinin firmas\u0131 ASDUR Beton dahil pek \u00e7ok ta\u015feron firma AKP\u2019yle ba\u011f\u0131 olan isimlerden \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Benzer bir ihale s\u00fcrecinin \u0130ran-T\u00fcrkiye s\u0131n\u0131r setinde\/duvar\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 \u00e7ok da \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 olmaz.\"\"<\/p>\n

Bu durum asl\u0131nda k\u00fcresel olarak b\u00fcy\u00fcyen bir piyasay\u0131 da ortaya koyuyor. S\u0131n\u0131r setini olu\u015fturan duvar, kuleler, hendekler, tel \u00f6rg\u00fcler yerli olarak \u00fcretilse bile, s\u0131n\u0131r setleri duvarlardan ve tel \u00f6rg\u00fclerden ibaret de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

Termal kamera sistemleri, y\u00fcz tan\u0131ma sistemleri, yapay \u00f6\u011frenme, kapsaml\u0131 \u0130HA sistemleri hep beraber kullan\u0131lan global, devasa bir s\u0131n\u0131r seti-sava\u015f sanayisi i\u015f birli\u011fi gerektiriyor. \u00d6yle ki bu devasa kompleks piyasan\u0131n 2025\u2019e kadar %7-8\u2019lik bir b\u00fcy\u00fcme g\u00f6stererek 65-68 milyar dolarl\u0131k bir pazara ula\u015fmas\u0131 bekleniyor.[23]<\/a>[24]<\/a> \u0130lgin\u00e7 bir nokta ise Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n bu piyasada beklenen b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi normalin iki kat\u0131 kadar, %15 civar\u0131[25]<\/a> Bunun nedeni biraz ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131nca ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Bu t\u00fcr kapsaml\u0131 set in\u015faatlar\u0131 i\u00e7in askeri teknoloji sa\u011flayan firmalar\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fckleri Avrupal\u0131. Business of Building Walls isimli raporun a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131na g\u00f6re set-sava\u015f sanayisi i\u015finden pasta pay\u0131n\u0131 toplayan firmalar Frans\u0131z Thales, \u0130talyan Leonardo, Avrupa ortak i\u015ftirak\u0131 Airbus, \u0130spanyol Indra. Bu firmalarla birlikte ABD bazl\u0131 Lockheed Martin, Elbit Systems, General Dynamics, Northrop Grumman ve L3 Technologies bu i\u015flerle u\u011fra\u015fmakta. ABD ve AB\u2019nin hemen arkas\u0131ndan pastadan aslan pay\u0131n\u0131 alanlar aras\u0131na \u0130srail kat\u0131l\u0131yor. \u0130srail Hava Sanayisi (Israel Aerospace Industries) <\/strong>ve Elbit rapora g\u00f6re en \u00e7ok para kazanan firmalar aras\u0131nda.<\/p>\n

Pek \u00e7ok g\u00f6sterge bu devasa s\u0131n\u0131r seti-sava\u015f sanayisi i\u015f birli\u011finin ve bunun getirdi\u011fi para ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n devam edece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor. D\u00fcnyada 2020 sonu itibariyle 82 milyon m\u00fclteci ve zorla g\u00f6\u00e7 ettirilen insanlar oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrsek[26]<\/a>, b\u00fcy\u00fcmek isteyen bir \u2018sekt\u00f6r\u2019 i\u00e7in in\u015fa edilecek s\u0131n\u0131r setlerini me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131racak m\u00fclteci korkusunun\/d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131 kimseyi \u015fok etmese gerek.<\/p>\n

Ancak bu duruma kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kanlar da olmad\u0131 de\u011fil. ABD\u2019de m\u00fchendisler ve mimarlar Trump\u2019\u0131n Meksika s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na \u00f6rmek istedi\u011fi duvar\u0131 tasarlamayacaklar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131lar. Architecture Lobby isimli mimar birli\u011fi \u2018Bizim duvar\u0131m\u0131z de\u011fil!\u2019 isimli a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131nda mimarlar\u0131n toplumu daha adil, e\u015fit ve g\u00fczel yapmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek duvara kar\u015f\u0131 olduklar\u0131n\u0131 ilan ettiler. [27]<\/a><\/p>\n

G\u00fczel haberler vermek gerekirse, Afrika \u00fclkelerinin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na \u00f6r\u00fclen Ye\u015fil Set\u2019ten bahsedilebilir. Afrika\u2019da hemen \u015fu s\u0131ralar Dev Ye\u015fil Duvar ismi verilen, Senegal\u2019den Cibuti\u2019ye b\u00fct\u00fcn Sahara \u00c7\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019nde a\u011fa\u00e7lardan olu\u015fan dev bir ye\u015fil set yap\u0131l\u0131yor. [28]<\/a> Afrika\u2019n\u0131n kuzeyinden, bat\u0131s\u0131ndan, do\u011fusundan 20 \u00fclkeyi birle\u015ftiren bu proje Sahara \u00c7\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini engellemek i\u00e7in yap\u0131l\u0131yor. \u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n akl\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc do\u011fru ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda setlerin bile D\u00fcnya\u2019y\u0131 daha iyi yapmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

Zeynel F\u0131rat Ayd\u0131n – Geomatik M\u00fchendisi<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/www.haaretz.com\/israel-news\/.premium.MAGAZINE-15-years-of-separation-palestinians-cut-off-from-jerusalem-by-a-wall-1.5888001<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/24877902<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2015\/11\/16\/world\/middleeast\/egypt-israel-border-sudan-refugees-shot.html<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/india-turning-the-bangladeshi-border-into-a-political-issue\/a-58580608<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/factsbd.wordpress.com\/2013\/03\/26\/felani-15-years-innocent-girl-from-bangladesh-violently-killed-by-indian-border-security-forces-bsf\/<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a>https:\/\/www.cbp.gov\/border-security\/along-us-borders\/border-wall-system<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a>https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/article\/2006\/09\/14\/AR2006091401827.html<\/p>\n

[8]<\/a>https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2017-08-border-wall-endangered-species-expert.html<\/p>\n

[9]<\/a>https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190109174045\/https:\/\/www.cbp.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/assets\/documents\/2017-Dec\/BP%20Southwest%20Border%20Sector%20Deaths%20FY1998%20-%20FY2017.pdf<\/p>\n

[10]<\/a>https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/nation\/2020\/09\/23\/border-wall-construction-protests\/<\/p>\n

[11]<\/a>https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/av\/world-latin-america-39014561<\/p>\n

[12]<\/a>https:\/\/www.thechicagocouncil.org\/research\/public-opinion-survey\/majority-americans-oppose-expanding-us-mexico-border-wall<\/p>\n

[13]<\/a>https:\/\/www.politico.com\/news\/2021\/04\/15\/biden-doj-border-wall-land-482189<\/p>\n

[14]<\/a>https:\/\/www.birgun.net\/haber\/afganistan-daki-goce-karsi-cozum-yuksek-duvar-356014<\/p>\n

[15]<\/a>https:\/\/siyasihaber6.org\/yunanistan-olasi-goce-karsi-40-kilometrelik-duvar-ordu?fbclid=IwAR2gtjyaQnQZ2e57AAAH74068KfdJSJpzeEGYNNI4mXBWCyDZEmWEkZ01HM<\/p>\n

[16]<\/a>https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-58303921<\/p>\n

[17]<\/a>https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-34630400<\/p>\n

[18]<\/a>https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-34556682<\/p>\n

[19]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/turkce\/haberler-turkiye-57986643<\/p>\n

[20]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/www.dha.com.tr\/yurt\/iran-sinirina-da-duvar-yapilacak\/haber-1508473<\/p>\n

[21]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/www.dha.com.tr\/yurt\/iran-sinirina-da-duvar-yapilacak\/haber-1508473<\/p>\n

[22]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/www.haberturk.com\/kilis-haberleri\/82660270-suriye-sinirinda-duvar-yapimi-tamamlandi<\/p>\n

[23]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/www.marketresearchfuture.com\/reports\/border-security-market-1662<\/p>\n

[24]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/www.issuewire.com\/border-security-system-industry-projected-to-garner-usd-6781-billion-by-2025-flir-systems-lockhee-1631530966252699<\/p>\n

[25]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/homelandsecurityresearch.com\/reports\/smart-borders-immigration-enforcement-border-security-markets-focus-europe\/<\/p>\n

[26]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/figures-at-a-glance.html<\/p>\n

[27]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 http:\/\/architecture-lobby.org\/project\/notourwall\/<\/p>\n

[28]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/www.greatgreenwall.org\/about-great-green-wall?fbclid=IwAR1pqUKws<\/p>\n

haRf6FUbeLUWz2FlOUFPGb2ppIVMwMKmxJ3KkT1HJpuAhteJj8<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u00dclkelerin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131 gerek\u00e7elerle duvarlarla ya da setlerle kapat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok uzun bir…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":36541,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4792,1991],"tags":[5381,5383,688,3712,5379,5380,5378,5377,5382],"class_list":{"0":"post-36536","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-diger","8":"category-yazilar","9":"tag-abd","10":"tag-iran","11":"tag-israil","12":"tag-manset","13":"tag-sinir","14":"tag-siniraduvar","15":"tag-sinirduvarlari","16":"tag-sinirlar","17":"tag-turkiye"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36536","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=36536"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36536\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/36541"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36536"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=36536"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=36536"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}