{"id":37429,"date":"2022-04-01T22:49:48","date_gmt":"2022-04-01T19:49:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/?p=37429"},"modified":"2022-04-11T14:52:21","modified_gmt":"2022-04-11T11:52:21","slug":"tarim-politikalariyla-yok-edilen-gida-guvencesinde-aycicegi-ornegi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/tarim-politikalariyla-yok-edilen-gida-guvencesinde-aycicegi-ornegi\/","title":{"rendered":"Tar\u0131m politikalar\u0131yla yok edilen g\u0131da g\u00fcvencesinde ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi \u00f6rne\u011fi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>G\u0131da fiyatlar\u0131 m\u00fctemadiyen y\u00fckseliyor. \u015eeker, ya\u015f sebze-meyve, bakliyatlar, bitkisel ya\u011flar&#8230; Listeyi uzatmak \u00e7ok m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n<p>Son aylarda fiyat\u0131 h\u0131zla katlanan, sat\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kuyruklar\u0131n olu\u015ftu\u011fu, Rusya-Ukrayna sava\u015f\u0131yla birlikte iyice zamlanan ay\u00e7i\u00e7ek ya\u011f\u0131nda da kriz devam ediyor.<\/p>\n<p>Ay\u00e7i\u00e7ek ya\u011f\u0131 fiyatlar\u0131 neden bu kadar y\u00fckseldi, bug\u00fcne nas\u0131l gelindi, t\u00fcketicileri daha neler bekliyor? \u00dcretim durumu, \u015firketler, arz-talep ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere ay\u00e7i\u00e7ek ya\u011f\u0131nda krizi yaratan ko\u015fullar, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki tar\u0131m politikalar\u0131yla yok edilen g\u0131da g\u00fcvencesinin bir \u00f6rne\u011fi.<\/p>\n<h5 id=\"ureten-ulkeden-ithal-eden-ulkeye\">\u00dcreten \u00fclkeden ithal eden \u00fclkeye<\/h5>\n<p>Ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi, bitkisel ya\u011f \u00fcretiminin en \u00f6nemli sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131ndan birisi. Ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi tohumlar\u0131 ayn\u0131 zamanda bitkinin ya\u011f \u00fcretilen k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor. Ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011finden ya\u011f, yak\u0131t ve posas\u0131ndan da hayvan yemi olarak kullan\u0131lan k\u00fcspe elde ediliyor.<\/p>\n<p>Tar\u0131m ve Orman Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 verilerine g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de tar\u0131msal ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131lan alanlar giderek k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclse de ay\u00e7i\u00e7ek \u00fcretiminin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 alanlar artm\u0131\u015f durumda. 2002 y\u0131l\u0131nda 26,5 milyon hektar tar\u0131m alan\u0131 varken bu de\u011fer 2020\u2019de 23 ,1 milyon hektara d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi ekim alan\u0131 2012\u2019de 605 bin hektar iken 2021\u2019de 729 bin hektara y\u00fckseldi.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-37437 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/foto-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"442\" height=\"284\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/foto-2.png 1012w, https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/foto-2-300x193.png 300w, https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/foto-2-768x493.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 442px) 100vw, 442px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi \u00fcretiminin en fazla yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 iller Tekirda\u011f, K\u0131rklareli, Edirne, Konya ve Adana. \u00dclke \u00fcretiminin %68\u2019i bu illerde yap\u0131l\u0131yor.<br \/>\nT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 2019-2020 sez<\/p>\n<p>onunda 2,1 milyon ton ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi \u00fcretildi. Bu ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi \u00fcretiminden 812 bin ton ham ya\u011f elde edildi.<\/p>\n<p>Ayn\u0131 sezonda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin 1,9-2 milyon ton ay\u00e7i\u00e7ek ya\u011f\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131\/arz\u0131 vard\u0131. Bu ihtiyac\u0131n 812 bin tonu yani %41\u2019i yerli ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi tohumlar\u0131ndan, kalan k\u0131sm\u0131 ise tohum ithalat\u0131 veya ham ya\u011f ithalat\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6zetle, T\u00fcrkiye AKP iktidar\u0131 d\u00f6neminde; ay\u00e7i\u00e7ek ya\u011f\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n sadece %41\u2019ini kendisi \u00fcretebilen bir \u00fclke konumuna getirildi.<\/p>\n<h5 id=\"tohumda-ve-yagda-sirketlere-ve-ithalata-bagimlilik\">Tohumda ve ya\u011fda \u015firketlere ve ithalata ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k<\/h5>\n<p>Ay\u00e7i\u00e7ek ya\u011f\u0131 bir\u00e7ok emtia gibi d\u00fcnya borsalar\u0131nda fiyatlar\u0131 belirlenen bir \u00fcr\u00fcn. Bunun nedeni \u00e7ok uluslu \u015firketlerin tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecinin tamam\u0131nda (tohum, g\u00fcbre, ila\u00e7, petrol) kontrol\u00fc elinde tutmalar\u0131. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Ukrayna-Rusya sava\u015f\u0131 vb. her t\u00fcrl\u00fc geli\u015fmede fiyatlar\u0131 g\u00fcncelleyerek fiyat art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zl\u0131ca yapabiliyorlar.<\/p>\n<p>2021 y\u0131l\u0131nda ham ay\u00e7i\u00e7ek ya\u011f\u0131 ton fiyat\u0131 ortalama 770 dolar civar\u0131nda iken bug\u00fcnlerde 1350-1450 dolar seviyelerine gelmi\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_37438\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-37438\" style=\"width: 407px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-37438\" src=\"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/aycicek-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"407\" height=\"363\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/aycicek-2.png 530w, https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/aycicek-2-300x267.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 407px) 100vw, 407px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-37438\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Avrupa \u00fclkelerinde y\u0131ll\u0131k zeytinya\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcketimi ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131 5,3 litre iken ay\u00e7i\u00e7ek ya\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcketimi ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131 5.4 litredir. (Notarnicola ve ark., 2017). T\u00dc\u0130K verilerine g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de ise ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131 y\u0131ll\u0131k yakla\u015f\u0131k 2 litre zeytinya\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcketilmesine kar\u015f\u0131n ay\u00e7i\u00e7ek ya\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcketimi 12,08 litredir.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011finde ithalata ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 hale getirilmesi ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi tohumu ve ya\u011f fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnya fiyatlar\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fimlerden direkt olarak etkilenmesine neden oldu. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011finde ithalata ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 hale getirilmesi ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi tohumu ve ya\u011f fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnya fiyatlar\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fimlerden direkt olarak etkilenmesine neden oldu. Ayr\u0131ca T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki \u00fcretim ithal girdilerle yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi tohumu\/ya\u011f \u00fcretimi ve tedarik maliyetleri de \u00e7ok fazla artt\u0131. Bu da ya\u011f fiyatlar\u0131na yans\u0131d\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Tar\u0131m ve Orman Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 2021 y\u0131l\u0131 verilerine g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ay\u00e7i\u00e7ek ya\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcketici fiyatlar\u0131 2018 y\u0131l\u0131nda ortalama 9 TL\/kg iken d\u00f6vizdeki h\u0131zl\u0131 y\u00fckseli\u015f sonras\u0131nda 2021 y\u0131l\u0131 A\u011fustos ay\u0131 itibar\u0131yla ortalama 18 TL\/kg\u2019ye y\u00fckseldi. Mart 2022 itibar\u0131yla ay\u00e7i\u00e7ek ya\u011f\u0131 22-26 TL seviyelerine kadar \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n<h5 id=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-37435\" style=\"font-size: 16px;\" src=\"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/foto-1-1024x796.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"531\" height=\"413\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/foto-1-1024x796.png 1024w, https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/foto-1-300x233.png 300w, https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/foto-1-768x597.png 768w, https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/foto-1-125x96.png 125w, https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/foto-1.png 1282w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 531px) 100vw, 531px\" \/><\/h5>\n<h5 id=\"ithalata-bagimli-tarim-politikasi\">\u0130thalata ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 tar\u0131m politikas\u0131<\/h5>\n<p>AKP iktidar\u0131, arz art\u0131\u015f\u0131na ra\u011fmen tar\u0131msal \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde planlama yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011finde ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 hale geldi. \u00dcretimdeki sorunlar ve maliyet art\u0131\u015flar\u0131 sebepleriyle ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi \u00fcretiminde halk\u0131n ihtiyac\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lanmad\u0131. Ba\u015fka bir ifadeyle ya\u011f i\u00e7in ekilen ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi, alan\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f ya\u011f ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131. \u0130ktidar, tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimde \u00e7ift\u00e7ileri desteklemek ve maliyet art\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda \u00fcreticilerin ezilmesini engellemek yerine ithalat\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye tohum ithalat\u0131nda %27 olan g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisini May\u0131s 2019 tarihinde s\u0131f\u0131rlad\u0131. Bu nedenle 2019 y\u0131l\u0131 sonunda tohum ithalat\u0131 %42,6 oran\u0131nda art\u0131\u015fla 1,1 milyon tona \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda da, ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi tohumu ithalat\u0131 g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisi oran\u0131; mevzuat d\u00fczenlemesi ile 31 May\u0131s 2020 tarihine kadar %9, 01-30 Haziran 2020 tarihleri aras\u0131nda %13 olarak uyguland\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>25 Kas\u0131m 2020 tarihli Resmi Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131mlanan Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 karar\u0131 ile ham ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi ya\u011f\u0131 ithalat\u0131nda al\u0131nan %36 g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisi %3\u2019e d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. \u00c7ok uluslu \u015firketlerin fiyat politikas\u0131yla belirlenen ithal ya\u011f bedelleri piyasay\u0131 belirleyerek \u00fcreticiyi de tamamen bask\u0131lam\u0131\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n<h5 id=\"tohumda-ve-yagda-sirketlerin-hegemonyasi\">Tohumda ve ya\u011fda \u015firketlerin hegemonyas\u0131<\/h5>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-37439 alignright\" src=\"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/ekran-resmi-2022-03-16-143234.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"384\" height=\"264\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/ekran-resmi-2022-03-16-143234.png 706w, https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/ekran-resmi-2022-03-16-143234-300x207.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 384px) 100vw, 384px\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/arastirma.tarimorman.gov.tr\/tepge\/Belgeler\/PDF%20Tar%C4%B1m%20%C3%9Cr%C3%BCnleri%20Piyasalar%C4%B1\/2020-Temmuz%20Tar%C4%B1m%20%C3%9Cr%C3%BCnleri%20Raporu\/Ay%C3%A7i%C3%A7e%C4%9Fi%20Temmuz-2020%20Tar%C4%B1m%20%C3%9Cr%C3%BCnleri%20Piyasalar%C4%B1%20Raporlar%C4%B1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tar\u0131m ve Ormanc\u0131l\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 2021 y\u0131l\u0131 raporuna<\/a> g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ham ay\u00e7i\u00e7ek ya\u011f\u0131 ithal etti\u011fi ba\u015fl\u0131ca \u00fclkeler; Rusya, Ukrayna, Bosna-Hersek ve Bulgaristan. Ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi ya\u011f\u0131 ithalat\u0131n\u0131n, %82,5\u2019ini Rusya, %7,4\u2019\u00fcn\u00fc Bosna-Hersek, %5,1\u2019i Bulgaristan ve %2,5\u2019ini S\u0131rbistan kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor, yani ithalat\u0131n %97,5\u2019i bu d\u00f6rt \u00fclkeden yap\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>Ve \u015firketler. \u00dclkeler aras\u0131 ve \u00fclke i\u00e7inde tohum sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00fcretim, ya\u011f imalat\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini domine eden \u015firketler tar\u0131msal emtia krizinin de ba\u015fl\u0131ca nedeni olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda duruyor.<\/p>\n<p>AKP iktidar\u0131; tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimi, tohum \u00fcretimini, \u00fcreticileri kamusal g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na almad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in hem tohumda hem de son \u00fcr\u00fcn olan ya\u011fda \u00fclkeyi ithalata ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 hale getirdi. Hem tohum hem ya\u011f uluslararas\u0131 \u015firketlerin borsalarda g\u00fcnl\u00fck hatta saatlik belirledi\u011fi fiyatlarla al\u0131n\u0131p sat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00fclke s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki her geli\u015fme fiyatlar\u0131 oynat\u0131r hale geldi.<\/p>\n<h5 id=\"bilim-ve-meslek-insanlari-ne-diyor\">Bilim ve meslek insanlar\u0131 ne diyor?<\/h5>\n<p>Y\u0131llard\u0131r tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimle ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapan Uluda\u011f \u00dcniversitesi Ziraat Fak\u00fcltesi Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019nden Prof. Dr. Ertu\u011frul Aksoy ya\u015fanan krizin k\u00f6kl\u00fc oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor:<\/p>\n<p>Ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi \u00f6zeline geldi\u011fimizde danelerinde y\u00fcksek oranda ya\u011f i\u00e7eren ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi en \u00f6nemli ya\u011f bitkilerinden birisi olup \u00fclkemizin her b\u00f6lgesinde ister kuru ister sulu ve en zorlu ko\u015fullarda yeti\u015febilmekte ve \u00e7o\u011funlukla ya\u011fl\u0131k olarak \u00fcretilmektedir. Her y\u0131l 1 milyondan fazla artan ve 85 milyona ula\u015fan n\u00fcfusumuzun bitkisel ya\u011f gereksinimi artmakta, ancak yerli kaynaklardan \u00fcretilen ya\u011f bu gereksinimi kar\u015f\u0131layamamaktad\u0131r. Giderek artan ya\u011f a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 ise ithalatla kar\u015f\u0131lanmaktad\u0131r. 2021\/22 sezonu itibariyle D\u00fcnyada 57.3 milyon ton olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011finin \u00fc\u00e7te ikisinden fazlas\u0131 Ukrayna (y\u00fczde 31), Rusya (y\u00fczde 27) ve AB\u2019de (y\u00fczde 18) \u00fcretilmi\u015f olup, T\u00fcrkiye y\u00fczde 3\u2019l\u00fck pay\u0131yla d\u00fcnyada 6\u2019\u0131nc\u0131 s\u0131rada yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu veriler dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00fcretim g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc elinde bulunduran \u00fclkelerde ya\u015fanacak en son Ukrayna \u2013 Rusya sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n sonucunda beklendi\u011fi gibi hammadde (g\u0131da) arz\u0131n\u0131 olumsuz etkileyecek kurakl\u0131k, sava\u015f vb. sorunlar\u0131n t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyay\u0131 oldu\u011fu kadar en fazla bizim gibi \u00fcretemeyen, ithalata ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 hale getirilmi\u015f ve ekonomisi iyi y\u00f6netilmeyen \u00fclkeleri etkileyece\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Hem pandemi s\u00fcrecinde ya\u015fananlar hem de Ukrayna-Rusya sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 \u2018g\u0131dada kendi kendine yeterlilik\u2019, \u2018g\u0131da g\u00fcvencesi\u2019, \u2018g\u0131da egemenli\u011fi\u2019 konular\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemini g\u00fcndeme getirmi\u015f, ge\u00e7mi\u015ften g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze \u2018kendine yeterlili\u011fi\u2019 savunanlar\u0131n hakl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-37440\" src=\"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/aycicegi-3.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"508\" height=\"381\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/aycicegi-3.jpeg 520w, https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/aycicegi-3-300x225.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 508px) 100vw, 508px\" \/><\/p>\n<h5 id=\"tohum-bagimliligi-son-bulmali-ureticilere-kamusal-guvence-saglanmali\"><strong>Tohum ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 son bulmal\u0131, \u00fcreticilere kamusal g\u00fcvence sa\u011flanmal\u0131<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>Tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimde tohum temininin \u00e7ok uluslu \u015firketlere verildi\u011fini, \u015firketlerin fiyatlar\u0131 belirleyen tekellere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc vurgulayan ziraat m\u00fchendisi Prof. Dr. Ertu\u011frul Aksoy \u00fcreticilerin kamusal g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131, desteklendi\u011fi tar\u0131m politikas\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 oldu\u011funu belirtiyor:<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;<\/strong>\u00dclkemizde uygulanan destekleme modelinin, \u00fcretimi ve \u00fcreteni de\u011fil ithalat\u0131 temel alan tar\u0131m politikalar\u0131n\u0131n, \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerimizi \u00fcretemez hale getirdi\u011finin, \u00fcretime uygun oldu\u011fu halde tar\u0131m arazilerini bo\u015f b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n, her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn artan say\u0131da \u00fcreticinin \u00fcretimden vazge\u00e7ti\u011finin en \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 g\u00f6stergesidir. Uygulanan destekleme modelinin ve ithalata dayal\u0131 politikalar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda sadece ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011finde de\u011fil, hemen t\u00fcm \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde girdi temininden (tohum (tah\u0131l gurubu hari\u00e7), g\u00fcbre, pestisitler), \u00fcretim, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m ve pazarlamaya kadar \u00fcretim zincirinin t\u00fcm a\u015famalar\u0131na \u00e7ok uluslu \u015firketler hakimdir. \u00dcretimin belirleyicisi olan bu \u015firketler \u00f6zellikle \u00fcretim ve pazarlamadaki hakimiyetlerini kullanarak halk\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131, yeterli ve ucuz g\u0131daya eri\u015fimlerini engeller iken \u00fcreticilerin de bor\u00e7lanarak yoksulla\u015fmalar\u0131na, \u00fcretimden \u00e7ekilmelerine veya kendi arazilerinde k\u00fcresel sermayenin bir \u00e7e\u015fit i\u015f\u00e7ileri olmalar\u0131na, \u0131rgatl\u0131k yapmalar\u0131na neden olmaktad\u0131r. Bu durum \u00fclkeyi y\u00f6neten siyasi anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n planla program\u0131 haline gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<h6 id=\"ulkeyi-ne-bekliyor-ne-yapilmali\"><strong>\u00dclkeyi ne bekliyor, ne yap\u0131lmal\u0131?<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p>Ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi \u00f6zelinde t\u00fcm \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in tart\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z sorunlar \u2018g\u0131da egemenli\u011fi\u2019 veya kendine yeterlilik ba\u011flam\u0131nda ele al\u0131narak \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilir. Mevcut kriz bu bi\u00e7imde devam ederse \u00fclkemiz insanlar\u0131, tar\u0131m\u0131 ve \u00fcreticileri i\u00e7in telafisi ve geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan bir felakete, g\u0131da krizlerine ve en ileri boyutta da a\u00e7l\u0131\u011fa neden olaca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dcretimin ve \u00fcreticilerimizin ger\u00e7ek anlamda desteklendi\u011fi, s\u00f6z konusu desteklere ek olarak \u00fcretim desenini y\u00f6nlendirici te\u015fviklerin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe kondu\u011fu, girdiler ( \u00f6zellikle mazot, g\u00fcbre, enerji) \u00fczerindeki vergi y\u00fcklerinin kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00fcretim maliyetlerinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, taban fiyat uygulamas\u0131na ge\u00e7ildi\u011fi, \u00fcreten ve t\u00fcketen aras\u0131ndaki mesafenin k\u0131salt\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6zellikle tohumda yerlili\u011fin art\u0131r\u0131larak d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n azalt\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, sahada her an \u00fcreticinin yan\u0131nda olan, sorunlar\u0131na \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulan bir kurumsal yap\u0131yla desteklenen tar\u0131m politikas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Son olarak meslekta\u015flar\u0131m\u0131za da bir \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 yapal\u0131m. M\u00fchendisler, g\u0131da g\u00fcvencesi m\u00fccadelesinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6rg\u00fctleyece\u011fimiz ve yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131raca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z her m\u00fccadele halk\u0131n g\u00fcvenli, eri\u015filebilir g\u0131da hakk\u0131n\u0131 savunmak anlam\u0131na gelir.<strong>&#8220;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>politeknik.org.tr<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"G\u0131da fiyatlar\u0131 m\u00fctemadiyen y\u00fckseliyor. \u015eeker, ya\u015f sebze-meyve, bakliyatlar, bitkisel ya\u011flar&#8230; Listeyi uzatmak&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":37430,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4693,2],"tags":[5494,5496,5495,5498,5497,3712,3230,5122],"class_list":{"0":"post-37429","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-gida","8":"category-haberler","9":"tag-aycicek","10":"tag-aycicek-uretimi","11":"tag-aycicek-yagi","12":"tag-gida-egemenligi","13":"tag-gida-guvencesi","14":"tag-manset","15":"tag-tarim","16":"tag-tarimsal-uretim"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37429","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37429"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37429\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/37430"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37429"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37429"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37429"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}