{"id":38852,"date":"2023-02-19T14:46:49","date_gmt":"2023-02-19T11:46:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/?p=38852"},"modified":"2023-02-22T17:51:53","modified_gmt":"2023-02-22T14:51:53","slug":"istanbul-halki-oturdugum-bina-depreme-dayanikli-mi-politeknik","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/istanbul-halki-oturdugum-bina-depreme-dayanikli-mi-politeknik\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130stanbul halk\u0131: Oturdu\u011fum bina depreme dayan\u0131kl\u0131 m\u0131?* – Politeknik"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0130stanbul\u2019da kimi zaman konu\u015fulan, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen ancak Kahramanmara\u015f depremi ile birlikte g\u00fcndeme oturan bir soru var: Oturdu\u011fum bina depreme dayan\u0131kl\u0131 m\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Depremin ard\u0131ndan, in\u015faat\u0131 son 10 y\u0131lda tamamlanm\u0131\u015f yap\u0131lar\u0131n dahi enkaz\u0131na \u015fahit olan \u0130stanbul halk\u0131 kendi bar\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 yap\u0131lar hakk\u0131nda kayg\u0131l\u0131. \u0130stanbul, zemin et\u00fctleri yeterli \u015fekilde yap\u0131lmadan, yap\u0131 denetim s\u00fcre\u00e7leri \u015feffaf ve bilimsel olarak y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmeden in\u015faat\u0131 tamamlanan yap\u0131larla ve dahas\u0131 plans\u0131z imara a\u00e7\u0131lan alanlarla \u00e7evrili.\u00a0 Ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kentin 20 milyonu a\u015fk\u0131n n\u00fcfusuyla bir deprem \u00e7\u0131kmaz\u0131 oldu\u011fu konusunda herkes hemfikir. Her ne kadar canl\u0131 yay\u0131nlarda merkezi y\u00f6netim “\u0130stanbul depremine haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131k biz asl\u0131nda”<\/em> gibi deme\u00e7ler verse de kentliler buna inanm\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Hepimiz, bar\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z, \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z, e\u011fitim g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz g\u00fcvenli ve nitelikli yap\u0131 stoklar\u0131 talep ediyoruz. Mevcut yap\u0131lar hakk\u0131nda \u015feffaf ve bilimsel bilgileri edinme hakk\u0131 bu talebin en ba\u015f\u0131nda geliyor. Bunun kamusal bir hizmet olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi a\u015fik\u00e2r. Peki s\u00fcre\u00e7 nas\u0131l i\u015fliyor?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130BB bina tespit taramalar\u0131 2 y\u0131ld\u0131r aktif \u015fekilde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmekte. Bu s\u00fcrede yap\u0131lan tarama sonucu envanteriyle birlikte \u0130stanbul\u2019da 90 bin konut ve i\u015f yerinin y\u0131k\u0131lma tehdidiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130BB Deprem Risk Y\u00f6netimi ve Kentsel \u0130yile\u015ftirme Daire Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na son 6 g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde kirac\u0131 ve m\u00fclk sahiplerinden toplam 40 bin adet online ba\u015fvuru oldu. Bina tespit \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ile \u00f6ncelikli olarak 2000 \u00f6ncesi yap\u0131lar incelemeye al\u0131n\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u0130BB Genel Sekreter Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131, \u015eehir Planc\u0131s\u0131 Dr. Bu\u011fra G\u00f6k\u00e7e bir ayda 3 bin 500 yap\u0131 adedinin kontrol\u00fcn\u00fcn sa\u011flanabilece\u011fini ve Gaziantep\u2019ten d\u00f6nen ekiple birlikte bu say\u0131n\u0131n ikiye katlanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duyurdu. Ba\u015fvurular\u0131n katlanarak artaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve daha s\u0131rada 1999 sonras\u0131nda in\u015faat\u0131 tamamlanan yap\u0131lar\u0131n oldu\u011funu da g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131rsak birka\u00e7 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u00fcrede tarama faaliyetlerinin tamamlanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rebiliriz.<\/p>\n

Kentliler ba\u015fvuru formlar\u0131n\u0131 doldururken bar\u0131nd\u0131klar\u0131 yap\u0131 hakk\u0131nda m\u00fclk sahipleri kadar s\u00f6z hakk\u0131na sahip de\u011fil. \u0130BB, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta kira kontrat\u0131 ile yap\u0131labilen bina tespit ba\u015fvurular\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyetin korunmas\u0131 ve haklar\u0131 nedeniyle \u015fu an i\u00e7in ask\u0131ya ald\u0131.<\/strong> Peki \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyetin korunmas\u0131, kentlilerin g\u00fcvenli konutlarda bar\u0131nma ve ya\u015fam hakk\u0131ndan daha m\u0131 \u00f6nemli?<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Ekrem \u0130mamo\u011flu, sosyal medyada payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 videoda “\u0130stanbullulara \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131md\u0131r, riskli yap\u0131lar\u0131 taramam\u0131za izin verin. 1999 \u00f6ncesi yap\u0131lan 107 bin binadan sadece 29 bini m\u00fclk sahiplerinin izni ile taranabilmi\u015ftir” <\/strong>a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131yla yap\u0131 maliklerine \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulundu. Bu izin alma \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 ku\u015fkusuz \u00e7aresizcedir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc depreme dayan\u0131ks\u0131z yap\u0131 stokunun b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funda kirac\u0131lar ya\u015famakta ve m\u00fclk sahipleri binalar\u0131n\u0131n emlak ve kira de\u011ferlerinden kayg\u0131land\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in hasarl\u0131 yap\u0131n\u0131n raporlarla kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 istememekte. Yani kentlinin g\u00fcvenli bar\u0131nma hakk\u0131nda edinece\u011fi \u015feffaf bilgilere eri\u015fimi k\u0131s\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Peki \u0130BB\u2019nin bina tespit s\u00fcre\u00e7leri teknik a\u00e7\u0131dan nas\u0131l i\u015fliyor?<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Deprem analizi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, \u0130BB\/ \u0130stanbul \u015eehircilik At\u00f6lyesi \u015eube M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan h\u0131zl\u0131 tarama teknikleri ile y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcyor. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n amac\u0131, binalar\u0131n risk s\u0131ralamas\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek ve kentlilere binalar\u0131n\u0131n deprem g\u00fcvenlik d\u00fczeyleri hakk\u0131nda genel bir de\u011ferlendirme sunmak. S\u00fcre\u00e7 boyunca herhangi bir \u00fccret talep edilmiyor. Bu taraman\u0131n teknik detaylar\u0131n\u0131 ad\u0131m ad\u0131m inceleyelim:
\n1. Bina r\u00f6l\u00f6vesi ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerinin tespit edilmesi
\n2. Beton \u00e7ekici ile 5 kolonda e\u015fde\u011fer beton bas\u0131n\u00e7 dayan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi (Schmidt \u00c7ekici)
\n3. Donat\u0131 tespit cihaz\u0131 ile bir kolonda donat\u0131 oran\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi
\n4. Binada belirlenen kolon ve perdelerde s\u0131y\u0131rma yap\u0131lmas\u0131
\n5. Binaya ait d\u00fczensizliklerin tespit edilmesi<\/p>\n

Bilgilerin toplanmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan mekanik hesap sonucunda binan\u0131n, bulundu\u011fu noktada binaya etkimesi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen yer ivmesi seviyesinin % ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layabildi\u011fi belirlenmektedir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te binaya \u00f6zel bir zemin et\u00fcd\u00fc yap\u0131lmamakta, b\u00f6lge bazl\u0131 \u00f6nceden belirlenmi\u015f zemin \u00f6zellikleri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Konutuma riskli yap\u0131 tespiti yap\u0131ld\u0131, \u015fimdi ne olacak?<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Diyelim ki bu tarama sonucunda kirada oturdu\u011funuz ya da yap\u0131 maliki oldu\u011funuz bina depreme dayan\u0131ks\u0131z raporu ald\u0131, bu taramaya istinaden D ve E grubunda oldu\u011fu belirlenen binalar\u0131n \u2018\u2019Y\u00fcksek ve \u00c7ok Y\u00fcksek Riskli\u2019\u2019 grubunda olmas\u0131 sebebiyle il\u00e7e belediyelerle durum payla\u015f\u0131lmakta ve binalar\u0131n gerekli deprem g\u00fcvenlik seviyesini kar\u015f\u0131layacak \u015fekilde g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi veya yenilenmesi \u00f6nerilmektedir. Bu rapor sonucunda baz\u0131 il\u00e7e belediyelerinin binada oturanlara ve i\u015fyeri sahiplerine tahliye i\u00e7in ihbar \u00e7ekti\u011fi bilinmekte. Ancak \u0130BB ya da il\u00e7e belediyesinin yap\u0131ya sadece bu rapora istinaden y\u0131k\u0131m karar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karma yetkisi olmay\u0131p m\u00fch\u00fcrleme ve tahliye yetkisi bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bug\u00fcne kadar il\u00e7e belediyeler taraf\u0131ndan, yaln\u0131zca hi\u00e7bir deprem olmaks\u0131z\u0131n kendili\u011finden y\u0131k\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenen 318 bina i\u00e7in tahliye karar\u0131 uyguland\u0131.
\n\u015eimdilik bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 a\u011f\u0131r i\u015fliyor, sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ise ne olaca\u011f\u0131 belirsiz.<\/p>\n

\u0130BB\u2019nin bina tespit incelemesi, ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir durum raporu de\u011fildir. Toplanan bilgilerin binan\u0131n genelinde ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011fu kabul edilerek hesaplamalar yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Daha detayl\u0131 bir yap\u0131 tespiti i\u00e7in \u2018bina performans analizi\u2019 yapt\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130n\u015faat m\u00fchendisleri bu ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 incelemeyi yapabilir.
\nBu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada ek olarak binada yap\u0131lan i\u015flemler \u015funlar: (T\u00fcrkiye Bina Deprem Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi 2018\u2019e g\u00f6re)
\n\u2022 Ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 sistemden karot numunesi al\u0131n\u0131r. (Beton kalitesi tespit edilir.)
\n\u2022 Ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 sistemde donat\u0131 tespiti yap\u0131l\u0131r
\n\u2022 Detayl\u0131 r\u00f6l\u00f6ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131r. (Eksik yap\u0131 elemanlar\u0131 tespit edilir.)
\n\u2022 Zemin et\u00fcd raporu haz\u0131rlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Riskli yap\u0131 tespiti bakanl\u0131kta, yap\u0131 denetim \u015firketlerinde<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Riskli bina tespiti, Kentsel D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Yasas\u0131 olarak bilinen 6306 say\u0131l\u0131 “Afet Riski Alt\u0131ndaki Alanlar\u0131n D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi Hakk\u0131ndaki Kanun” kapsam\u0131nda yap\u0131l\u0131r. Kentsel D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Yasas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n hak ve muafiyetlerden yararlanmak (kira yard\u0131m\u0131, ta\u015f\u0131nma yard\u0131m\u0131, har\u00e7 muafiyetleri vb.) ve kesin risk durumunu tespit etmek i\u00e7in \u00c7evre \u015eehircilik ve \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan lisansland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kurulu\u015flarca (yap\u0131 denetim firmalar\u0131) binalar\u0131n ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 incelenmesi gerekmektedir.
\nBu riskli yap\u0131 tespiti sadece yap\u0131 malikleri taraf\u0131ndan \u00fccret kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zel yap\u0131 denetim firmalar\u0131na yapt\u0131r\u0131labilmektedir. Sonuca ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00e7\u0131kan y\u0131k\u0131m karar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda bina 15 g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde zorunlu olarak tahliye edilmekte ve y\u0131k\u0131m s\u00fcreci ba\u015flat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bina durum tespit \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda detayl\u0131 bilgi almak i\u00e7in \u0130n\u015faat M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131 (\u0130MO)\u2019na ait bilgilendirme bro\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcne buradan<\/a> ula\u015fabilirsiniz. \u0130BB\u2019ye ait bina tespit tarama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ba\u015fvuru i\u00e7in forma buradan<\/a> ula\u015fabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

Deprem g\u00fcvenli kentlerde, deprem g\u00fcvenli yap\u0131larda ya\u015famak hakk\u0131m\u0131z<\/strong><\/h5>\n

\u0130stanbul\u2019da kentliler i\u00e7in durumu \u00f6zetlersek; hepimizin kafas\u0131 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k ve bu \u00e7\u0131kmaz\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilece\u011fine dair soru i\u015faretleri olduk\u00e7a fazla. \u0130BB binalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n risk oran\u0131n\u0131 tespit edebilir. Tespit sonucu riskli binalarda ya\u015fayan kentlilere g\u00fcvenli bir konut sunulmuyor. \u00d6zellikle kirac\u0131lar, y\u00fcksek kiralar ve konut fiyatlar\u0131 sebebiyle ciddi bir ikilem ya\u015f\u0131yor. Kentte g\u00fcvenli bar\u0131nma bir kriz boyutunda.<\/p>\n

Deprem tehlikesine, bar\u0131nma\/konut krizine hapsolarak ya\u015famak zorunda de\u011filiz. Deprem g\u00fcvenli kentlerde, g\u00fcvenli ve nitelikli konutlarda bar\u0131nma, ya\u015fama hepimizin hakk\u0131. Talep etmek de hakk\u0131m\u0131z. Israrla m\u00fccadele edece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n

*\u0130BB Deprem Risk Y\u00f6netimi ve Kentsel \u0130yile\u015ftirme Dairesi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u00d6zlem Tut, yaz\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131ndan iki g\u00fcn sonra binalar\u0131n risk durumunu tespit etmek amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lan h\u0131zl\u0131 tarama i\u00e7in kirac\u0131lar\u0131n da ba\u015fvuru yapabilece\u011fini duyurdu. 2000 y\u0131l\u0131 sonra in\u015fa edilen yap\u0131lar i\u00e7in de ba\u015fvuru al\u0131nacak.<\/em><\/h5>\n

Politeknik<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u0130stanbul\u2019da kimi zaman konu\u015fulan, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen ancak Kahramanmara\u015f depremi ile birlikte g\u00fcndeme oturan…\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":38855,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4982,4688,4701],"tags":[216,5813,1046,2463,1476,5812,1524,144,2205,3756,3712,5798,150],"class_list":{"0":"post-38852","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-kent-ve-doga-politeknik-gundem-2","8":"category-politeknik-gundem-2","9":"category-tmmob","10":"tag-barinma-hakki","11":"tag-bina-tespit","12":"tag-deprem","13":"tag-deprem-guvenli-kentler","14":"tag-deprem-guvenli-yapilar","15":"tag-hasar-tespit","16":"tag-ibb","17":"tag-imo","18":"tag-insaat","19":"tag-insaat-muhendisleri-odasi","20":"tag-manset","21":"tag-maras-depremi","22":"tag-yasam-hakki"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38852","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38852"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38852\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/38855"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38852"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38852"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38852"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}