6 \u015eubat 2023 tarihinde meydana gelen \u00f6nce Mw: 7,7 ve ard\u0131ndan Mw: 7,6 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki depremlerle sars\u0131ld\u0131k. 11 ilimizde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir y\u0131k\u0131m ya\u015fan\u0131rken yakla\u015f\u0131k 200.000 bina yok oldu.<\/p>\n
24 Ocak 2020 tarihinde Elaz\u0131\u011f ve 30 Ekim 2020 tarihinde Sisam Adas\u0131 depremlerinde meydana gelen y\u0131k\u0131mlar sonras\u0131 \u00f6nerilen \u2018\u2019Fay Yasas\u0131\u2019\u2019, 6 \u015eubat 2023 depremlerinden sonra tekrar g\u00fcndeme geldi.<\/a> Yasa \u00f6nerisinde, \u201c7269 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunda acilen de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131larak, Aktif Fay Zonlar\u0131 veya Hatlar\u0131n\u0131n Tehlike Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 Band\u0131 i\u00e7inde yap\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131 geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerde oldu\u011fu gibi yasaklanmal\u0131, mevcut yap\u0131lar ise kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme tabi tutularak y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 ve ba\u015fka alanlara ta\u015f\u0131narak vatanda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n can g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r\u201d ifadeleri yer almaktad\u0131r. Oysaki durum b\u00f6yle de\u011fildir. \u00dclkemiz gibi depremselli\u011fi y\u00fcksek olan \u0130talya, \u0130ran, Yunanistan, Japonya, \u00c7in, ABD (Kaliforniya hari\u00e7) \u00fclkelerinde fay yasas\u0131 gibi bir yasa bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Y\u0131k\u0131lan 200.000 binan\u0131n ka\u00e7 tanesi y\u00fczey faylanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde veya fay zonu i\u00e7erisinde kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131, ka\u00e7\u0131 kullan\u0131lan k\u00f6t\u00fc beton, k\u00f6t\u00fc demir donat\u0131, projeye uygunsuzluk, isk\u00e2ns\u0131z binalara imar aff\u0131 ile dokunulmamas\u0131 nedeniyle y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131, ka\u00e7\u0131 suya doygun tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131na uygun olmayan in\u015faatlar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131yla nedeniyle y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131?<\/p>\n Ya\u015fanan y\u0131k\u0131mlar\u0131 “fay yasas\u0131n\u0131n olmamas\u0131”na ba\u011flamak, yasal bo\u015fluktan\/mevzuat eksikli\u011finden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 alg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmak, y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n sorumlular\u0131n\u0131n “s\u00fcrekli fay yasas\u0131 diyoruz\/\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ba\u015flad\u0131k\u2019” s\u00f6zleri ile sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131 bu yasaya atmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yor. B\u00f6yle de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. 6 \u015eubat depremlerinden sonra y\u0131k\u0131mlar\u0131n nedeni faylarm\u0131\u015f gibi g\u00f6steren AFAD Deprem ve Risk Azaltma Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Orhan Tatar ve \u00c7evre, \u015eehircilik ve \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Bakan\u0131 Murat Kurum “fay yasas\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 var” diyerek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ba\u015flan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmi\u015flerdir.<\/a><\/p>\n Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, y\u0131k\u0131mlar\u0131n ana sorumlusu mevcut h\u00fck\u00fcmeti ve yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu uygulamalar\u0131 (\u0130mar bar\u0131\u015f\u0131, oda denetimlerinin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, kamusal denetimdeki eksiklikler vb.) arka planda b\u0131rakarak, topluma ve m\u00fchendisli\u011fe faydas\u0131 olmayacak bir yasa \u00f6nerisi ile zaman kaybetmekten \u00f6teye gitmemek anlam\u0131na gelir. Ayr\u0131ca bu \u015fekilde bir yasa y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girerse olu\u015fturulacak fay zonu sak\u0131n\u0131m bandlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisindeki yap\u0131lar i\u00e7in y\u0131k\u0131m karar\u0131 verilerek (konutlar, hastaneler, okullar, k\u00f6pr\u00fcler, t\u00fcneller) bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi ve kurum ma\u011fdur edilecektir. Fay zonlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde hatta tam olarak y\u00fczey faylanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde y\u0131k\u0131lmadan ve hasar almadan duran yap\u0131lar, bir\u00e7ok yerbilimci taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6zlenmi\u015f ve incelenmi\u015ftir.<\/strong> Fay zonlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde y\u0131k\u0131lmayan yap\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6rnek g\u00f6stererek, olu\u015fturulacak sak\u0131n\u0131m bandlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde, arsas\u0131na yap\u0131la\u015fma izni verilmeyen vatanda\u015flar\u0131n a\u00e7acaklar\u0131 davalar ile hukuksal s\u00fcre\u00e7ler ba\u015flayacakt\u0131r. \u00d6nerilen bu yasan\u0131n teknik sorunlar\u0131, hukuki ve siyasi s\u00fcre\u00e7leri de tetikleyece\u011fini \u00f6ng\u00f6rmek zor de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n Binalar\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131na sebep olan zeminden ve yap\u0131sal unsurlardan kaynakl\u0131 bir\u00e7ok m\u00fchendislik problemi ve tehlike t\u00fcr\u00fc vard\u0131r. Bir tehlike t\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7in yasa \u00f6nerisi verildi\u011finde di\u011fer tehlike t\u00fcrleri i\u00e7in de ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 yasa \u00f6nerisi sunulmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmez mi?<\/p>\n Afet risklerini azalt\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6nlemler, \u0130mar Kanunu ve ilgili y\u00f6netmelikler (Planl\u0131 Alanlar Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi) ile \u00c7evre, \u015eehircilik ve \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Mikrob\u00f6lgeleme Genelgesi ile uygulanmaktad\u0131r. Bu mevzuat g\u00fcn\u00fcn \u015fartlar\u0131na uygun olarak g\u00fcncellenebilir ancak her analiz ve tehlike t\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7in bir yasa \u00f6nerisi sunmak anlams\u0131z olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n 6 \u015eubat depremlerini inceledi\u011fimizde depremin merkez \u00fcss\u00fcnden kilometrelerce uzaktaki Hatay ‘da y\u0131k\u0131mlar\u0131n daha fazla oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rmekteyiz. Bu durum dahi tek ba\u015f\u0131na fay yasas\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00fcretemedi\u011finin kan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r. Fay yasas\u0131 olsayd\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131mlar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilirdi alg\u0131s\u0131 toplumu yan\u0131ltmakta, y\u00f6neticiler de kendi sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131 \u2018\u2019Fay Yasas\u0131’n\u0131n olmay\u0131\u015f\u0131na\u2019\u2019 ba\u011flayarak g\u00fcndemin oda\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmektedir. Depremlerde y\u0131k\u0131mlar\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck sebebi yap\u0131 stokumuzun k\u00f6t\u00fc olmas\u0131, imar aff\u0131 vb. uygulamalar, deprem-zemin-yap\u0131 etkile\u015fiminin m\u00fchendisler taraf\u0131ndan kurulmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131, kamusal denetim eksiklikleri ve zemin etkisinden kaynakl\u0131 problemlerin g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmesidir.<\/p>\n \u00d6nerilen bu yasa tasla\u011f\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131llard\u0131r g\u00fcd\u00fck kalmas\u0131n\u0131n sebebi; jeofizik m\u00fchendisli\u011fi ve in\u015faat m\u00fchendisli\u011fi uzmanl\u0131k alanlar\u0131n\u0131n yeterince anla\u015f\u0131lmamas\u0131ndan, binalar\u0131n zeminden kaynakl\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n sebeplerinin tek tarafl\u0131 yorumlanmas\u0131ndan, sismoloji ve zemin dinami\u011fi bilgisinin yetersizli\u011finden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n Burak \u00c7atl\u0131o\u011flu\u00a0<\/strong>
\nJeofizik Y. M\u00fchendisi<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"6 \u015eubat 2023 tarihinde meydana gelen \u00f6nce Mw: 7,7 ve ard\u0131ndan Mw:…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":39085,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4723,1991],"tags":[5862,1046,2463,5863,5864,5203,1690,3712],"class_list":{"0":"post-39084","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-kent-ve-doga-yazilar","8":"category-yazilar","9":"tag-burak-catlioglu","10":"tag-deprem","11":"tag-deprem-guvenli-kentler","12":"tag-fay","13":"tag-fay-hatlari","14":"tag-fay-yasasi","15":"tag-kent","16":"tag-manset"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39084","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39084"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39084\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39085"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39084"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39084"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39084"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}