{"id":39500,"date":"2023-11-03T16:44:42","date_gmt":"2023-11-03T13:44:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/?p=39500"},"modified":"2023-11-08T13:15:17","modified_gmt":"2023-11-08T10:15:17","slug":"yeni-bir-kent-surgunu-denemesi-hayri-aydin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/yeni-bir-kent-surgunu-denemesi-hayri-aydin\/","title":{"rendered":"Yeni bir kent s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fc denemesi – Hayri Ayd\u0131n"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u201cAfet Riski Alt\u0131ndaki Alanlar\u0131n D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi Hakk\u0131nda Kanun ile Baz\u0131 Kanunlarda ve 375 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun H\u00fckm\u00fcnde Kararnamede De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Kanun Teklifi<\/em>” TBMM\u2019de g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u00fcyor.*<\/p>\n

Yasayla birlikte 16 Ekim\u2019de kurulan \u201cKentsel D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em>\u201dn\u0131n tan\u0131m\u0131 ve yetkileri belirleniyor, \u00c7evre ve \u015eehircilik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak bu ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011fa \u201crezerv yap\u0131 alan\u0131 ilan etme yetkisi\u201d ve d\u0131\u015f finansman imkanlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanma yetkisi veriliyor. Riskli yap\u0131larda kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm karar\u0131 i\u00e7in gereken \u00fc\u00e7te iki \u00e7o\u011funluk \u015fart\u0131 yerine \u201850+1\u2019 yani salt \u00e7o\u011funluk yeterlili\u011fi getiriliyor. Riskli yap\u0131lar\u0131n tespiti ve tahliyesi i\u00e7in de mahkeme karar\u0131 \u015fart\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor, idari karar yeterli say\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u00c7evre ve \u015eehircilik Bakan\u0131 Mehmet \u00d6zhaseki d\u00fczenlemeyi \u201ckentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm i\u015flerini h\u0131zl\u0131ca devreye sokmam\u0131z icap ediyor<\/em>\u201d \u015feklinde savunuyor.<\/p>\n

Peki \u2018h\u0131z\u2019la yap\u0131lacak, ucu a\u00e7\u0131k, s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z yetki tan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7eren bu haz\u0131rl\u0131kla ne ama\u00e7lan\u0131yor?<\/p>\n

Depremin ard\u0131ndan, yerel se\u00e7imler \u00f6ncesinde yap\u0131lan bu haz\u0131rl\u0131k halk\u0131n bar\u0131nma g\u00fcvenli\u011fi i\u00e7in mi? Yerel y\u00f6netimler ve kentliler bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn neresinde? Yap\u0131lara el konulabilir mi? Kentin tarihi\/k\u00fclt\u00fcrel\/kamusal alanlar\u0131 bu d\u00fczenlemenin neresinde?<\/p>\n

Bu sorulara yan\u0131t aramaya ve de\u011ferlendirmeye ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce teklifin ard\u0131ndaki sistemati\u011fi, niyeti anlamak gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

Yasalarla organize edilen rant operasyonu<\/h5>\n

\u0130ktidar 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc h\u0131zland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in 6306 Afet Riski Alt\u0131ndaki Alanlar\u0131n D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi Kanunu \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Kanun, deprem gerek\u00e7esiyle \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Aradan 10 y\u0131l ge\u00e7ti. Depreme dayan\u0131ks\u0131z yap\u0131lar, zemini k\u00f6t\u00fc alanlar hedeflenmedi. Bunun yerine rant\u0131 y\u00fcksek yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131nda in\u015faat sermayesi i\u00e7in kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm operasyonlar\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130BB \u0130stanbul Planlama Ajans\u0131\u2019n\u0131n (\u0130PA) raporu bu konuda en \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 veriyi g\u00f6steriyor. \u0130PA\u2019ya g\u00f6re \u0130stanbul\u2019da yap\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015f alanlar i\u00e7inde alan bazl\u0131 kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi alan oran\u0131 %3,5 ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u00e7eler riskli zemin ve yap\u0131lar\u0131n oldu\u011fu il\u00e7eler de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

Asuman T\u00fcrk\u00fcn, bu d\u00f6neme yer verdi\u011fi kitab\u0131nda \u201cBug\u00fcn kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm uygulamalar\u0131 esas olarak hem kentsel i\u015flevleri hem de farkl\u0131 toplumsal s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 kent mek\u00e2n\u0131nda yeniden yerle\u015ftirmeyi hedeflemektedir; bu yerle\u015ftirmede yeg\u00e2ne \u201cdo\u011fru\u201d ise kentsel rantlar\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve bu sefer tepeden yap\u0131lan \u201cemrivakiler\u201d ile sermaye s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 lehine yeniden b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesidir<\/em>\u201d ifadelerini kullan\u0131yor. [1: T\u00fcrk\u00fcn, 2013]\n

Kentleri homojen i\u015flevlere g\u00f6re yeniden planlad\u0131lar. Kentleri; i\u00e7inde finans merkezi, sa\u011fl\u0131k, turizm vb. \u00e7e\u015fitli adalar halinde b\u00f6lmek suretiyle ulusal, \u00f6zellikle uluslararas\u0131 sermayeye rant alanlar\u0131na \u00e7evirdiler. Ge\u00e7mi\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7 b\u00f6yle iken \u015fimdi kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ve rant hedefinde \u2018bir \u00fcst\u2019 seviyeye ge\u00e7iliyor.<\/p>\n

\u00dc\u00e7 ba\u015fl\u0131kta yasa tasar\u0131s\u0131: Rezerv yap\u0131 alan\u0131, yetkili idare, anayasal haklar? [2]<\/h5>\n

Yasada \u2018Rezerv Yap\u0131 Alan\u0131\u2019 tan\u0131m\u0131 geni\u015fletilmi\u015f, Kentsel D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na bu konuda geni\u015f yetki verilmi\u015f.
\nRezerv yap\u0131 alan\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l belirlenece\u011fi, s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 kanun tasla\u011f\u0131nda belirlenmemi\u015f. Bu belirsizli\u011fin yarataca\u011f\u0131 sonu\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131k. Kentsel D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kent i\u00e7inde bulunan ve riskli olmayan yap\u0131 adalar\u0131n\u0131 da \u2018rezerv yap\u0131 alan\u0131\u2019 ilan edebilecek ve el koyabilecek.<\/p>\n

Riskli yap\u0131lar\u0131n tespitinin engellenmesi halinde yasa m\u00fclki idari amirinin verece\u011fi yaz\u0131l\u0131 izinle, kap\u0131lar k\u0131r\u0131larak resmen tespit yapma yetkisi veriliyor. Evlere zorla girme yetkisi keyfiyetle kullan\u0131labilecek. Daha \u00f6nce idarenin tespit, tahliye ve y\u0131kt\u0131rma gibi i\u015flemlerinde mahkeme karar\u0131 gerekirken bu yasa onaylan\u0131rsa bu yetki idari amire devredilmi\u015f olacak. Rezerv alan ilan edilen ama deprem riski ta\u015f\u0131mayan alanlar\u0131n, ev ve i\u015fyerlerinin sakinleri s\u00fcr\u00fclecek. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 21. Maddesinde hakim karar\u0131 olmad\u0131k\u00e7a kimsenin konutuna girilemeyece\u011fi, arama yap\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131, buradaki e\u015fyaya el konulamayaca\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir. M\u00fclki amirin izniyle tespit, tahliye yap\u0131lmas\u0131 Anayasa\u2019daki \u2018konut dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131 alenen ihlal anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n

Yasada di\u011fer bir nokta ise denetimsiz b\u00fct\u00e7e yetkisi. Madde-4\u2019te \u201cD\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131 finansmanl\u0131 \u0130klime ve Afetlere Dayan\u0131kl\u0131 \u015eehirler Projesi’nin finansman amac\u0131yla imzalanan kredi anla\u015fmas\u0131 ile temin edilen d\u0131\u015f kredi, Kentsel D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na tahsisli olarak kulland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r ve tahsisli olarak kulland\u0131r\u0131lmaya devam edilir<\/em>\u201d deniyor. Kentsel D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fi haiz \u00f6zel b\u00fct\u00e7eli bir idare olarak belirleniyor. \u00d6zel b\u00fct\u00e7eli idarelerin kaynak kullan\u0131m sorunlar\u0131 Say\u0131\u015ftay raporlar\u0131yla kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015fken, denetimden ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lan bir kurum daha yarat\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Yasada, tarihi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel alanlar\u0131n korunmas\u0131, kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zetilmesi, halk\u0131n, yerel y\u00f6netimlerin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 gibi ba\u015fl\u0131klar yok elbette. Meslek odalar\u0131 ve \u00fcniversitelerle ortak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, akademisyenlerin, uzmanlar\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla \u00e7evresel, ekolojik, teknik, toplumsal olgular a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u00fc bilimsel bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma da yok. \u0130ktidara g\u00f6re bu gereklilikler rant \u2018h\u0131z\u2019\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcyor.\"\"<\/p>\n

Yasa kime, nas\u0131l hizmet edecek?<\/h5>\n

1970-80\u2019lerde h\u0131zlanan AKP iktidar\u0131nda ba\u015fka bir boyuta ge\u00e7erek zirveye \u00e7\u0131kan in\u015faat ekonomisi T\u00fcrkiye ekonomisinin \u00f6nemli bir kalemi oldu. Ba\u015fta T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki ekonomik kriz, Covid-19 pandemisi, d\u00fcnyadaki durgunluk gibi vb. bir \u00e7ok sebepten \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc son d\u00f6nemlerde in\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde ciddi bir yava\u015flama g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Ne yaz\u0131k ki, iktidar hi\u00e7bir zaman \u00fcretime dayal\u0131 ekonomik bir model kuramad\u0131. Bug\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc ise in\u015faat sermayesine yeni bir cansuyu. Haz\u0131rlanan yasa b\u00fcy\u00fck kentlerde \u00e7ok geni\u015f rezerv yap\u0131 ve rant alanlar\u0131 olu\u015fturmak amac\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Kentteki emekliler, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar, gen\u00e7ler i\u00e7in yeni bir g\u00fcvencesizlik daha<\/h5>\n

Afet Riski Alt\u0131ndaki Alanlar\u0131n D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi Hakk\u0131nda Kanun ile Baz\u0131 Kanunlarda ve 375 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun H\u00fckm\u00fcnde Kararnamede De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Kanun Teklifi el koyma, m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirme, s\u00fcrg\u00fcn hedefi ta\u015f\u0131yor. \u0130tirazlar\u0131, talepleri, haklar\u0131 yok sayan bu haz\u0131rl\u0131k hayata ge\u00e7erse \u0130stanbul\u2019da Fikirtepe\u2019de, Sulukule\u2019de ya\u015fanan s\u00fcrg\u00fcn kentin t\u00fcm ara sokaklar\u0131na yay\u0131lacak. Kent mekanlar\u0131n\u0131n haf\u0131zas\u0131 silinecek.<\/p>\n

Kentin merkezinde tek varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 evi olan emeklileri, \u00fccretli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131, gen\u00e7leri, fahi\u015f kiralara direnen kirac\u0131lar\u0131, t\u00fcm kentlileri zor g\u00fcnler bekliyor.<\/p>\n

Hayri AYDIN \/ Elektrik M\u00fchendisi<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Kaynaklar<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1]<\/strong> M\u00fclk, Mahal, \u0130nsan \u2013 Der. Asuman T\u00fcrk\u00fcn: 2013<\/em>
\n[2]<\/strong> TBMM Bay\u0131nd\u0131rl\u0131k Komisyonu Tutana\u011f\u0131 \/ 24.10.2023<\/em><\/p>\n

*Yaz\u0131 yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hen\u00fcz TBMM’de g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fclen taslak 8 Kas\u0131m’da Resmi Gazete’de yay\u0131mlanarak yasala\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u201cAfet Riski Alt\u0131ndaki Alanlar\u0131n D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi Hakk\u0131nda Kanun ile Baz\u0131 Kanunlarda ve 375…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":39501,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,4703],"tags":[490,1690,565,3712,2153,5961,5962,5960],"class_list":{"0":"post-39500","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-haberler","8":"category-kent-ve-doga","9":"tag-istanbul","10":"tag-kent","11":"tag-kentsel-donusum","12":"tag-manset","13":"tag-rant","14":"tag-rezerv-alan","15":"tag-rezerv-alanlar","16":"tag-rezerv-yapi"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39500","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39500"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39500\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39501"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39500"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39500"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39500"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}