2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme kapsam\u0131na al\u0131nan otoyollar ve k\u00f6pr\u00fcler, d\u00fcne kadar kamunun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 iken bug\u00fcn \u00f6zel \u015firketlerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 haline getirildi. Kamusal varl\u0131klar y\u0131llard\u0131r talana a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve bu \u00fclkenin t\u00fcm kamusal birikimleri heba edilmi\u015ftir. Toplum her \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme i\u015flemi ile hem toplumsal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmekte hem de topyekun m\u00fc\u015fteri s\u0131fat\u0131yla sat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u0130rademiz d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yoldan suya, enerjiden ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z mek\u00e2na kadar sat\u0131lmaktay\u0131z.<\/p>\n
Ula\u015f\u0131m, \u00f6nemli bir kamu hizmeti ise, bu kamu hizmeti kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda yolu kullanan veya kullanmayan yurtta\u015ftan dolayl\u0131\/dolays\u0131z vergi de tahsil ediliyor ise bu alanda tekelle\u015fmenin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7acak bir karar\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131nda kamu yarar\u0131 bulunmamaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n
Ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n teknik olarak i\u015flevi, ki\u015filerin ve e\u015fyan\u0131n g\u00fcvenli, h\u0131zl\u0131, ekonomik, zaman\u0131nda, konforlu ve \u00e7evreye en az zarar verecek \u015fekilde yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmesidir. Ula\u015f\u0131m bir hizmettir. \u00dcretiminin ve pazarlamas\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 anda olmas\u0131 gereken, stoklama olana\u011f\u0131 bulunmayan bir faaliyettir. \u00dclkedeki b\u00fct\u00fcn etkinliklerin i\u00e7inde ula\u015f\u0131m vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ula\u015f\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde toplam maliyet i\u00e7inde sabit maliyetin pay\u0131 \u00e7ok y\u00fcksektir. Bu nedenle, ula\u015f\u0131m sistemlerinin maliyetlerinin olabildi\u011fince d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131 istenir. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, ula\u015f\u0131m sistemlerinin maliyetlerinin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kadar az yat\u0131r\u0131m maliyeti ile olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 ve olabildi\u011fince d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetle i\u015fletilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
\u00d6zel sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn tamam\u0131yla hakim oldu\u011fu ekonomilerde bile ula\u015f\u0131ma kamunun m\u00fcdahalesi vard\u0131r. Bu m\u00fcdahale yat\u0131r\u0131m gereksinimini azaltmak veya ilerideki y\u0131llara kayd\u0131rmak amac\u0131ndan ba\u015flar, \u00fclkedeki toplam arazi kullanma kararlar\u0131n\u0131n rasyonelle\u015ftirilmesinden ve ula\u015f\u0131m deste\u011fi ile end\u00fcstriyel \u00fcretimin maliyetlerinin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131na kadar \u00e7ok geni\u015f bir alan\u0131 kapsar. Bunlara ek olarak g\u00fcvenlik de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden maliyet alt\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131malara da izin verilmez.<\/p>\n
Yolu kullananlar\u0131n giderleri, hatta en geni\u015f anlam\u0131yla yolu kullanmayanlar\u0131n da yoldan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc giderleri ula\u015f\u0131m ekonomisinde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli yer tutmaktad\u0131r. Bir ula\u015f\u0131m altyap\u0131s\u0131ndan yararlanan ki\u015finin bu alt yap\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in harcanan giderlere aktif bir \u015fekilde kat\u0131lmas\u0131 art\u0131k kabul edilmi\u015f bir ger\u00e7ektir. Bug\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye\u2018de yolu kullanan ve kullanmayan t\u00fcketicilerden al\u0131nmakta olan kalemleri; akaryak\u0131ttan al\u0131nan vergiler, ithalattan ve sat\u0131\u015ftan al\u0131nan vergiler ve har\u00e7lar, verilen belgelerin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda al\u0131nan har\u00e7lar, lastik ve ya\u011fdan al\u0131nan vergiler ve har\u00e7lar, yollardan ve k\u00f6pr\u00fclerden al\u0131nan ge\u00e7i\u015f \u00fccretleri, yolu kullanmayanlardan al\u0131nan vergiler ve har\u00e7lar \u015feklinde s\u0131ralamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Yukar\u0131da sunulan vergi ve har\u00e7lar, altyap\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131m ve bak\u0131m\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan giderleri kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in devlet taraf\u0131ndan tahsil edilmektedir. \u00d6zelle\u015ftirmeye konu k\u00f6pr\u00fc ve otoyollar\u0131n yap\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in toplum \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck sabit yat\u0131r\u0131m yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelleri de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrse topluma b\u00fcy\u00fck maliyetinin oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Toplum taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n, gelirinin \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6re verilmesi sosyal hukuk devletinde kabul edilemeyecek bir durumdur. <\/p>\n
Bu sat\u0131\u015f sonucu toplumu, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla devleti ba\u015fl\u0131ca iki tehlike beklemektedir. Kamu maliyetini azaltmak, verimlili\u011fi y\u00fckseltmek ad\u0131na yola \u00e7\u0131kan h\u00fck\u00fcmetin alm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu karar, \u00f6zellikle alternatif k\u00f6pr\u00fc ve otoyol olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan rekabet ortam\u0131 olmayacak ve tekel yaratacakt\u0131r. Di\u011feri ise otoyollar\u0131n bak\u0131m giderinden kurtulmak ad\u0131na kamuya daha fazla maliyet y\u00fcklenecektir. \u015e\u00f6yle ki; otoyol ve k\u00f6pr\u00fclerden ge\u00e7i\u015f \u00fccretinin toplanmas\u0131 \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6re b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; <\/p>\n
Kamu, yollar\u0131 ve k\u00f6pr\u00fcleri kullanandan halen al\u0131nmakta olan miktara tamamen e\u015fit bir bedeli i\u015fleticiden isteyecektir. Bu durumda i\u015fletici yolu kullananlardan mevcut tarifeye kendi gereksinimini ve kar\u0131n\u0131 ekleyerek saptayaca\u011f\u0131 miktar\u0131 toplayacakt\u0131r. E\u011fer bak\u0131m giderleri de i\u015fleticiye ait olacak ise istenecek miktar \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck olacakt\u0131r. Yolu kullananlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc bu gidere katlanamayacak ve otoyollara paralel olan bedava devlet yollar\u0131na, \u0130stanbul\u2018da ise eskiden oldu\u011fu gibi feribotlara y\u00f6nelecektir. Bu y\u00f6nelme kapasite kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131raca\u011f\u0131ndan devlet, kendi yollar\u0131na kapasite art\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar yapmak zorunda kalacakt\u0131r. <\/p>\n
Devlet harcamalar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak ad\u0131na yola \u00e7\u0131kan h\u00fck\u00fcmet, devlete yeni yat\u0131r\u0131mlar yapmak zorunlulu\u011funu do\u011furacak bir karar alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6yle bir tehlikeyi, karar\u0131 alan kurulun g\u00f6rmemesi olanakl\u0131 olmasa gerek.<\/p>\n
K\u00f6pr\u00fcler, eser niteli\u011finde oldu\u011fundan \u00f6zelle\u015ftirilemez, kald\u0131 ki, \u00d6zelle\u015ftirme Kanunu\u2018nda da \u00f6zelle\u015ftirilecek kamu varl\u0131klar\u0131 aras\u0131nda say\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130stanbul\u2018daki k\u00f6pr\u00fclerin karl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, sat\u0131\u015fta \u00f6zel \u015firketlerin yarar\u0131n\u0131n kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ti\u011fini g\u00f6rmekteyiz.<\/p>\n
Yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 toplum taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6rden yat\u0131r\u0131m maliyet bedelinin asla al\u0131namayaca\u011f\u0131 bir \u00f6zelle\u015ftirmenin kamuya yeni yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 zorunlu k\u0131lmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, “Bu k\u00e2ra g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr \u015firketler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kimler ortakt\u0131r?” sorusu hakl\u0131 olarak ortada durmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n
Orman\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n, meralar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n, k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n, suyumuzun, yolumuzun sat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkede \u00e7ocuklar\u0131m\u0131z neye sahip \u00e7\u0131kacak? \u00dclke ile nas\u0131l duyguda\u015fl\u0131k kurduraca\u011f\u0131z? <\/p>\n
Bu \u00fclke kimin?\u00a0 \u00d6zel m\u00fclk gibi sat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r!<\/p>\n
Mehmet So\u011fanc\u0131
TMMOB Y\u00f6netim Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme kapsam\u0131na al\u0131nan otoyollar ve k\u00f6pr\u00fcler, d\u00fcne kadar kamunun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 iken bug\u00fcn \u00f6zel \u015firketlerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 haline getirildi. Kamusal varl\u0131klar y\u0131llard\u0131r talana a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve bu \u00fclkenin t\u00fcm kamusal birikimleri heba edilmi\u015ftir. Toplum her \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme i\u015flemi ile hem toplumsal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmekte hem de topyekun m\u00fc\u015fteri s\u0131fat\u0131yla sat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u0130rademiz d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yoldan suya, enerjiden ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z mek\u00e2na kadar sat\u0131lmaktay\u0131z.\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2010],"tags":[79,1666,1665],"class_list":{"0":"post-4058","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-basin-aciklamalari","8":"tag-3-kopru","9":"tag-kopru","10":"tag-otoyol"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4058","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4058"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4058\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4058"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4058"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4058"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}