{"id":422,"date":"2008-10-07T16:54:28","date_gmt":"2008-10-07T13:54:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/\/?p=422"},"modified":"2019-01-28T21:01:35","modified_gmt":"2019-01-28T18:01:35","slug":"neo-liberalizme-kar-hak-muecadelesi-yuekseltilmelidir-serdar-harple-roeportaj","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/neo-liberalizme-kar-hak-muecadelesi-yuekseltilmelidir-serdar-harple-roeportaj\/","title":{"rendered":"Neo liberalizme kar\u015f\u0131 hak m\u00fccadelesi y\u00fckseltilmelidir- Serdar Harp’le r\u00f6portaj"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0
\u0130n\u015faat M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131 Y\u00f6netim Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Serdar Harp\u2019in Birg\u00fcn gazetesiyle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 r\u00f6portaj. 25 Eyl\u00fcl 2008<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

D\u00f6viz kurundaki dalgalanmalar, finans sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kriz do\u011frudan in\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fcne de yans\u0131yor. Bunu neye ba\u011flamak gerekiyor. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fcn durumuyla ilgili bilgi alabilir miyiz?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sorunuza iki a\u015famal\u0131 yan\u0131t vereyim. Konut, Mortgage sistemiyle finans sekt\u00f6r\u00fcne ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 hale getirildi. Mortgage yeni yeni tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bizler, bunun yoksul ve dar gelirlinin konut sorununu \u00e7\u00f6zecek bir giri\u015fim olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, as\u0131l olarak finans sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu krizi \u00e7\u00f6zmeye d\u00f6n\u00fck oldu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fck. Konut gibi temel bir hakk\u0131, finans sekt\u00f6r\u00fcne ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 hale getirmenin sosyal devlet anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na ters d\u00fc\u015fece\u011fini de belirtmi\u015ftik. Nitekim, b\u00fct\u00fcn dediklerimiz \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u0130n\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fc her zamankinden daha fazla, uluslararas\u0131 etkilere a\u00e7\u0131k hale gelmesi yan\u0131nda, konut sorununu \u00e7\u00f6zecek bir sonu\u00e7 da a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kartmad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Sorunuzun ikinci aya\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fck ise \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebilirim: D\u00f6viz ve faiz art\u0131\u015flar\u0131, daha ba\u015fka ifadeyle; finans sekt\u00f6r\u00fcndeki de\u011fi\u015fimler, ini\u015f \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar in\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc do\u011frudan etkilemektedir. \u0130n\u015faat girdileri artmakta, bu, fiyatlara yans\u0131makta, di\u011fer taraftan al\u0131m g\u00fcc\u00fc d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in arz talep dengesi bozulmaktad\u0131r. Dolar\u0131n y\u00fckseli\u015fe ge\u00e7mesinin hemen t\u00fcm ekonomik girdileri tetiklemesi do\u011fal bir sonu\u00e7tur. \u0130\u015fin ilgin\u00e7 taraf\u0131, d\u00f6vizde meydana gelen her art\u0131\u015f in\u015faat girdilerine kabul edilemez oranlarda yans\u0131mas\u0131d\u0131r. D\u00f6viz bir artarken, in\u015faat girdi fiyatlar\u0131 iki artmaktad\u0131r. Son d\u00f6nemdeki dolar ve faiz art\u0131\u015f\u0131 hemen etkisini g\u00f6stermi\u015f, girdilerden konut fiyatlar\u0131na kadar geni\u015f bir yelpazede kayda de\u011fer k\u0131p\u0131rdanmalar olmu\u015ftur. Salt y\u00fckselmesi de\u011fil, artma ve azalma e\u011filimi g\u00f6stermesi bile karar mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131 kilitlemekte, bu da yat\u0131r\u0131m, sat\u0131n alma ya da satma kararlar\u0131na yans\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

2008 y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7inde demir-\u00e7elik fiyatlar\u0131na yap\u0131lan zam \u00f6rnek olabilir. Zam oranlar\u0131 neredeyse y\u00fczde 100\u2019e dayanm\u0131\u015f durumdad\u0131r. Demir-\u00e7eli\u011fin yap\u0131lardaki pay\u0131n\u0131n ortalama y\u00fczde 13 oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrse; bu kadar k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n bu oranda artm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 kayg\u0131 vericidir. Kabul edilebilir s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde olmayan art\u0131\u015f\u0131n sadece demir-\u00e7elikle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da bilmek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

Mortgagenin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonras\u0131 konut arz talep dengesiyle ilgili neler s\u00f6yleyebilirsiniz?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Arz ve talep dengesi, oturmu\u015f, kendi ayaklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde duran ekonomilerin ay\u0131rt edici \u00f6zellikleri aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Ancak \u00fclkemiz ekonomisi i\u00e7in b\u00f6yle bir oturmu\u015fluktan s\u00f6z etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Spek\u00fclatif hareketler, g\u00fcn\u00fc birlik kararlar, d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k ekonominin tamam\u0131n\u0131 belirledi\u011fi gibi konut sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc de etkilemektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin Mortgage sisteminin ufukta g\u00f6r\u00fcnmesi bile olumlu y\u00f6nde bir hareketlenmeye yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f, ancak neredeyse b\u00fct\u00fcn k\u0131sa ve orta vadeli yat\u0131r\u0131mlar hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mortgage sisteminin en i\u00e7 sorunlar\u0131, halk\u0131n al\u0131m g\u00fcc\u00fc \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131larla birle\u015fince, arz fazlal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, pek \u00e7ok yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131 iflas\u0131n e\u015fi\u011fine gelmi\u015ftir. Sorunun as\u0131l kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u015fu olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r: \u00dclkemizde konut sto\u011fu, konut a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00fcretim kapasitesi ve al\u0131m g\u00fcc\u00fc bilinmektedir. Siyasi iktidar\u0131n buna uygun bir d\u00fczenleme yapmas\u0131 gerekirken, daha \u00e7ok da finans sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn dayatmas\u0131yla, Mortgage gibi sistemler uygulamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmakta, sonu\u00e7ta olumsuz bir tablo kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Mortgagenin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, girdilerdeki fahi\u015f art\u0131\u015f eklenmi\u015f, sizin de sorunuzda temas etti\u011finiz dura\u011fanl\u0131k ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tabi belki de hepsinde \u00f6nemlisi siyasi iktidar\u0131n yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 neredeyse durma noktas\u0131na kadar \u00e7ekmesidir ki, dura\u011fanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n as\u0131l kayna\u011f\u0131 bu karar olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Durgunlu\u011fun size yans\u0131mas\u0131 hangi noktalarda somutlan\u0131yor?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yukarda k\u0131saca de\u011findim. \u0130n\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fcme e\u011filimi g\u00f6sterse de, bu durumun sekt\u00f6r bile\u015fenlerinin ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamaktan uzak oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Bir dura\u011fanl\u0131k vard\u0131r; bu, TOK\u0130-m\u00fcteahhit ili\u015fkisinde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, iflasa kadar giden \u00f6rneklerle a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. K\u0131sa ya da orta vadeli yat\u0131r\u0131m yapamama durumu bile ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na ma\u011fduriyete yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. Sekt\u00f6r\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn haldeki durumu, bile\u015fenlerinin de\u011fi\u015fik oranlarda ma\u011fdur olmas\u0131na sebebiyet vermektedir. \u0130n\u015faat m\u00fchendisleri de ma\u011fdurdur. Ma\u011fduriyet, i\u015fsizlik oranlar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131 ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretler g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r. \u0130n\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde i\u015fsizlik y\u00fczde on be\u015fler civar\u0131nda bir oranla T\u00fcrkiye ortalamas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde seyretmektedir. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesi gereken sorunlar, a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda durmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130n\u015faat stokunun durumu hangi d\u00fczeydedir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Eksiksiz bir bina envanterine sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bilinmek kayd\u0131yla; T\u00dc\u0130K verilerine g\u00f6re \u015f\u00f6yle ifade edebilirim: T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 15 milyon civar\u0131nda konut sto\u011fu bulunmaktad\u0131r. N\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131na bak\u0131l\u0131rsa, y\u0131lda ortalama 500 bin konuta ihtiya\u00e7 oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclecektir. Ancak geriye d\u00f6nerek, 15 milyon sto\u011fun y\u00fczde 55\u2019inin ruhsats\u0131z ve ka\u00e7ak oldu\u011fu, y\u00fczde 60\u2019\u0131n\u0131n 20 ya\u015f \u00fczeri konutlardan olu\u015ftu\u011fu, y\u00fczde 40\u2019\u0131n\u0131n depreme kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi gerekti\u011fi bilinmektedir. Yap\u0131 sto\u011fu ile ilgili bilgilerimiz ne yaz\u0131k ki pek de i\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

\u0130MO’nun, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ekonomik y\u00f6nelimlerine ili\u015fkin de\u011ferlendirmesi hangi do\u011frultudad\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ekonomik duruma ili\u015fkin s\u00f6ylenmesi gerekenler asl\u0131nda \u00fclke siyasetine, ekonomisine y\u00f6n veren anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n sorgulanmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelecektir. 1980 12 Eyl\u00fcl askeri darbesinden bu yana, \u00fclkemizde liberal ekonomik politikalar h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrmektedir. 24 Ocak kararlar\u0131 bu s\u00fcrecin ilk ad\u0131m\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmelidir. Son otuz y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde neo liberal ekonomik program ik d\u00f6nem s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131z uygulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Birincisi 12 Eyl\u00fcl d\u00f6nemidir. \u0130kincisi ise AKP\u2019nin TBMM\u2019deki mutlak \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu eline ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 2002 se\u00e7imleriyle ba\u015flayan s\u00fcre\u00e7tir. S\u00fcre\u00e7, neo liberal politikalar do\u011frultusunda; kamusal alan\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclt\u00fclmesi, kamusal de\u011ferlerin \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck sermaye gruplar\u0131na pe\u015fke\u015f \u00e7ekilmesi, sosyal devlet uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n terk edilmesi, kamusal yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n minimum d\u00fczeyinde tutulmas\u0131, temel insan haklar\u0131n\u0131n e\u011fitim, sa\u011fl\u0131k, bar\u0131nma, su vb. al\u0131n\u0131r sat\u0131l\u0131r meta haline getirilmesi, ekonominin IMF ve D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131 eliyle d\u00fczenlenmesi \u015feklinde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmektedir. S\u00fcre\u00e7, zengini daha zengin, yoksulu daha yoksul yapan \u00f6zellikler ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Emek \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin, meslek odalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme d\u00f6n\u00fck ana y\u00f6nelimin ne olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Neo liberal ekonomik politikalar hak gasplar\u0131yla somutla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bir haklar m\u00fccadelesine ihtiyac\u0131 oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Neo liberal politikalara kar\u015f\u0131, bar\u0131nma hakk\u0131, su hakk\u0131, sa\u011fl\u0131k hakk\u0131, e\u011fitim hakk\u0131 vb. m\u00fccadelesi y\u00fckseltilmelidir. Hak m\u00fccadelesinin bir aya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli binalarda ya\u015fama hakk\u0131 olu\u015fturmal\u0131d\u0131r ki, bu hak bizim i\u00e7in, T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in can yak\u0131c\u0131 bir soruna i\u015faret etmektedir.<\/p>\n

Kaynak: <\/strong><\/em>sendika.org <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u00a0\u0130n\u015faat M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131 Y\u00f6netim Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Serdar Harp\u2019in Birg\u00fcn gazetesiyle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 r\u00f6portaj. 25 Eyl\u00fcl 2008\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4689],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-422","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-secki"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/422","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=422"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/422\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=422"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=422"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=422"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}