{"id":4276,"date":"2013-03-13T22:18:08","date_gmt":"2013-03-13T19:18:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/\/?p=4276"},"modified":"2019-01-28T20:47:37","modified_gmt":"2019-01-28T17:47:37","slug":"ey-cemaat-tabiati-ve-biyocesitliligi-nasil-bilirdiniz-bulent-sik-t24","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/ey-cemaat-tabiati-ve-biyocesitliligi-nasil-bilirdiniz-bulent-sik-t24\/","title":{"rendered":"Ey Cemaat Tabiat\u0131 ve Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi Nas\u0131l Bilirdiniz? \u2013 B\u00fclent \u015e\u0131k (T24)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Tolstoy&#8217;un \u201cSava\u015f ve Bar\u0131\u015f\u201d adl\u0131 roman\u0131n\u0131n kahraman\u0131 \u201cPrens Andrey\u201d, romanda ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde anlat\u0131lan Austerlitz sava\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015f\u0131ndan vurulup yere d\u00fc\u015fer ve o k\u0131z\u0131lca k\u0131yametin ortas\u0131nda g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc seyretmeye ba\u015flar.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Sadece g\u00f6k vard\u0131 \u00fczerinde: \u0130\u00e7inde k\u00fcl rengi bulutlar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131r a\u011f\u0131r ak\u0131p gitti\u011fi, y\u00fcksek, belki pek parlak de\u011fil ama alabildi\u011fine y\u00fcksek bir g\u00f6kt\u00fc bu. &#8216;Ne sessizlik, ne dinginlik, ne y\u00fccelik diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc prens Andrey. Hi\u00e7 de hani \u015fu biraz \u00f6nce ko\u015fmakta oldu\u011fum, ko\u015fmakta, hayk\u0131rmakta ve vuru\u015fmakta oldu\u011fumuz zamanki gibi de\u011fil! Frans\u0131zla Rus top\u00e7usunun, top tomar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6fke ve deh\u015fet i\u00e7inde birbirlerinin elinden kopar\u0131p alma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 zamanki gibi de\u011fil hi\u00e7 de! Bu u\u00e7suz bucaks\u0131z y\u00fcce g\u00f6kten hi\u00e7 de \u00f6yle ge\u00e7miyor bulutlar! Nas\u0131l oldu da g\u00f6rmedim ben bu y\u00fcce g\u00f6\u011f\u00fc daha \u00f6nce! Ve \u015fimdi onu g\u00f6r\u00fcp tan\u0131m\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fum i\u00e7in nas\u0131l da mutluyum i\u015fte! Evet, evet! Bu sonsuz bu bitip t\u00fckenmek bilmeyen g\u00f6k d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcn her \u015fey bo\u015funal\u0131k ve yalandan ibaret&#8230; Hi\u00e7 ama hi\u00e7 bir \u015fey yok onun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda&#8230; &#8216; (Ada Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u00e7eviri: Attila TOKATLI)<\/p>\n<p>Prens Andrey&#8217;in, \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl bir yara ald\u0131ktan sonra do\u011fan\u0131n fark edildi\u011fi ender anlardan birini ya\u015famas\u0131, insana, do\u011fada yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ve belki \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7madan fark edemeyece\u011fimiz tahribat\u0131 an\u0131msat\u0131yor. \u0130nsan\u0131n kendisine ait oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, kirlenmesini ve t\u00fckenmesini art\u0131k kan\u0131ksad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ancak kendi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da yitip gidecekken fark\u0131na varabilece\u011fi ya da hi\u00e7 fark\u0131na varamayaca\u011f\u0131 bir do\u011fay\u0131 akla getiriyor.<br \/>\u00a0<br \/><strong>Alt\u0131nc\u0131 B\u00fcy\u00fck Yok Olu\u015f Krizi<\/strong><br \/>\u00a0<br \/>\u0130nsani faaliyetlerin neden oldu\u011fu \u00e7evre kirlili\u011fi ve do\u011fa tahribat\u0131, her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn daha fazla canl\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc yok olu\u015f veya soyunun t\u00fckenmesi tehlikesiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya b\u0131rak\u0131yor. Bu konuda olu\u015fan kayg\u0131lar, 1992&#8217;de Rio D\u00fcnya Zirvesi&#8217;nin toplanmas\u0131 ve Biyolojik \u00c7e\u015fitlilik S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi&#8217;nin imzalanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u00a0 Ancak ge\u00e7en yirmi y\u0131ldan fazla s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde do\u011fru d\u00fczg\u00fcn hi\u00e7bir \u015fey yap\u0131lamad\u0131 ve durum g\u00fcnden g\u00fcne daha k\u00f6t\u00fc oldu. Oluyor.<\/p>\n<p>Bundan yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak yirmi y\u0131l \u00f6nce bu konuda yay\u0131nlanan en \u00f6nemli kitaplardan birini yazan Richard Leakey ve Roger Lewin (The Sixth Extinction: Patterns of Life and the Future of Humankind 1995) insani faaliyetler nedeniyle \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki 100 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde ya\u015fayan canl\u0131 t\u00fcrlerinin yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yok olabilece\u011fi uyar\u0131s\u0131nda bulunmu\u015flard\u0131.\u00a0 D\u00fcnyada ya\u015fayan t\u00fcrlerin zaman i\u00e7inde yok olmas\u0131 ola\u011fand\u0131r. Ola\u011fand\u0131\u015f\u0131 olan \u015fey g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde do\u011fal yok olu\u015f oranlar\u0131n\u0131n normale k\u0131yasla 1000 kat hatta baz\u0131 bilimcilere g\u00f6re 10 bin kat artm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131.\u00a0 D\u00fcnyam\u0131zdaki ya\u015fam\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 bu\u00e7uk milyar y\u0131ll\u0131k tarihinde biyolojik t\u00fcrlerin k\u0131sa bir jeolojik zaman diliminde ve b\u00fcy\u00fck oranlarda yok olu\u015funa neden olan 5 b\u00fcy\u00fck soy t\u00fckenmesi belirlenmi\u015f. \u00d6rne\u011fin 65 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce d\u00fcnyaya \u00e7arpan bir g\u00f6kta\u015f\u0131 var olan t\u00fcrlerin y\u00fczde doksan be\u015finin yok olmas\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftu.\u00a0 Ama b\u00f6ylesi felaketler olduk\u00e7a seyrek ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. \u015eimdilerde var olan alt\u0131nc\u0131 yok olu\u015f krizinin nedeni ise \u00e7ok daha farkl\u0131. D\u00fcnyada vuku bulan alt\u0131nc\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck soy t\u00fckenmesinin tek faili Leakey ve Lewin taraf\u0131ndan da vurguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi insan.<br \/>\u00a0<br \/><strong>Tabiat ve Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi Koruma-ma Yasas\u0131<\/strong><br \/>\u00a0<br \/>B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar g\u00fcn be g\u00fcn daha \u015fiddetle ve yo\u011fun bir \u015fekilde dile getirilmesine ra\u011fmen \u00fclkemiz politik g\u00fcndemi i\u00e7in bu konular hala \u00e7ok l\u00fcks ka\u00e7\u0131yor. Buna en g\u00fcncel \u00f6rneklerden biri, kamuoyunun g\u00fcndemine giremeyen ve \u015fu an mecliste olan Tabiat ve Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi Koruma Yasa Tasar\u0131s\u0131. Tabiat ve biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi nas\u0131l korumamal\u0131y\u0131z rehberi gibi de okunabilecek yasa tasar\u0131s\u0131, yap\u0131lacak yat\u0131r\u0131mlar \u00f6n\u00fcnde bir engel olu\u015fturabilecek her t\u00fcrl\u00fc toplumsal itiraz\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc \u201cyasa marifetiyle\u201d kesmek niyetiyle haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. \u0130steyen istedi\u011fi kadar itiraz etsin, yasa tasar\u0131s\u0131nda yer alan \u201c\u00fcst\u00fcn kamu yarar\u0131\u201d kavram\u0131 gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6sterilerek istenilen her yere her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yat\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131labilecek. Do\u011fal parklar, sit alanlar\u0131, korunmas\u0131 gereken b\u00f6lgeler\u2026 vs. akl\u0131n\u0131za neresi gelirse gelsin fark etmiyor; her yer potansiyel bir yat\u0131r\u0131m alan\u0131 oluyor.<\/p>\n<p>Ger\u00e7i \u00fclkemizde \u00f6yle \u015feyler oluyor ki bu yasa de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine ne gerek vard\u0131 ki diye sormadan edemiyorsunuz. \u00d6rne\u011fin, H\u00fcrriyet Gazetesi yazar\u0131 Melis Alphan (9 Mart 2013 tarihli \u201cBats\u0131n sizin vah\u015fi madencili\u011finiz!\u201d yaz\u0131s\u0131) taraf\u0131ndan dile getirilen Manisa\u2019n\u0131n Turgutlu il\u00e7esindeki \u00c7alda\u011f\u0131\u2019nda yap\u0131lacak madencilik faaliyeti gibi. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n yedinci b\u00fcy\u00fck tar\u0131m havzas\u0131 olarak nitelenen b\u00f6lgede yap\u0131lacak nikel madencili\u011fi i\u00e7in tam olarak 15 ile 18 milyon ton gibi insan\u0131n inanmakta hakikaten zorluk \u00e7ekti\u011fi bir miktarda s\u00fclf\u00fcrik asit kullan\u0131lacak.\u00a0 Bu miktar \u00fclkemizi d\u00fcnyadaki ikinci b\u00fcy\u00fck s\u00fclf\u00fcrik asit \u00fcreticisi haline getiriyor. Ne mutlu!, ama bu kadar \u00e7ok miktarda s\u00fclf\u00fcrik asiti \u00fcretecek ve yap\u0131lacak madencilik faaliyeti esnas\u0131nda yukar\u0131daki resimde de g\u00f6r\u00fclebilece\u011fi gibi kullanarak b\u00f6lge topraklar\u0131na ak\u0131tacak fabrika i\u00e7in \u00c7ED raporunun bile istenmemi\u015f olmas\u0131 sizlere ne anlat\u0131yor? Bu faaliyetin zaman i\u00e7inde \u00fclkemizin en verimli tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131ndan birini, yer alt\u0131 ve yer\u00fcst\u00fc su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 ve haliyle tabiat ve biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi yok edece\u011fini bilmek i\u00e7in k\u00e2hin olmaya gerek var m\u0131?<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ger\u00e7ekte Yok Olacak Olan Ne?<br \/><\/strong><br \/>Her ne olursa olsun insana hi\u00e7bir \u015fey olmayaca\u011f\u0131na, hep var kalaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131za inan\u0131yoruz. \u015eu an mecliste olan yasa, \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 durumunda hayata b\u00fcy\u00fck zarar verecek. Bu yasa bir \u00f6l\u00fcm ferman\u0131d\u0131r. Hem do\u011fa ve hem de biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik hakk\u0131nda \u00e7ok az \u015fey bilsek de zarar g\u00f6rmesinin nelere yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fini biliyoruz. Do\u011fa insan\u0131n varolu\u015f zeminini olu\u015fturur. Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik ise bir t\u00fcr olarak varl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n s\u00fcreklili\u011fini g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na alan en \u00f6nemli \u015fey. Yitirilmemesi veya \u00f6rselenmemesi gerekir. Bir zamanlar sahip oldu\u011fumuz ve yitirince de\u011ferini anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z di\u011fer \u015feylere benzemez. Yitince insan da yiter. Yani asl\u0131nda yitirdi\u011fimiz ve yok etti\u011fimiz kendi t\u00fcrsel varl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zd\u0131r. Pek muhtemel de\u011fil ama cenaze namazlar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi, \u201cTabiat ve biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi nas\u0131l bilirdiniz?\u201d diye soracak tek t\u00fck birileri kalsa da geride; bu soruya yan\u0131t verecek bir cemaat kesinlikle kalmayacak\u2026<br \/>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Tolstoy&#8217;un \u201cSava\u015f ve Bar\u0131\u015f\u201d adl\u0131 roman\u0131n\u0131n kahraman\u0131 \u201cPrens Andrey\u201d, romanda ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde anlat\u0131lan Austerlitz sava\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015f\u0131ndan vurulup yere d\u00fc\u015fer ve o k\u0131z\u0131lca k\u0131yametin ortas\u0131nda g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc seyretmeye ba\u015flar.\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4689],"tags":[1734,1247],"class_list":{"0":"post-4276","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-secki","8":"tag-tabiat-yasasi","9":"tag-tabiati-ve-biyocesitliligi-koruma-yasasi"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4276","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4276"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4276\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4276"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4276"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4276"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}