{"id":476,"date":"2008-10-31T22:37:48","date_gmt":"2008-10-31T19:37:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/\/?p=476"},"modified":"2008-10-31T22:37:48","modified_gmt":"2008-10-31T19:37:48","slug":"ziraat-muehendisleri-odas-41-doenem-2-danma-kurulu-qtarmq-guendemiyle-topland","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/ziraat-muehendisleri-odas-41-doenem-2-danma-kurulu-qtarmq-guendemiyle-topland\/","title":{"rendered":"Ziraat M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131 41. D\u00f6nem 2. Dan\u0131\u015fma Kurulu “Tar\u0131m” G\u00fcndemiyle Topland\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

TMMOB Z\u0130RAAT M\u00dcHEND\u0130SLER\u0130 ODASI 41. D\u00d6NEM 2. DANI\u015eMA KURULU SONU\u00c7 B\u0130LD\u0130RGES\u0130<\/font><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n


TMMOB Ziraat M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131 Dan\u0131\u015fma Kurulu 24-26 Ekim 2008 tarihlerinde Eski\u015fehir\u2018de toplanarak T\u00fcrkiye\u2018nin tar\u0131m ve meslek sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki konular\u0131n \u00fcyelerimiz ve kamuoyu ile payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00dclkemizin tar\u0131m politikalar\u0131n\u0131n temel hedefi, ihracattan \u00f6nce kendi insan\u0131n\u0131 doyuracak d\u00fczeyde yeterli g\u0131day\u0131 \u00fcretmek olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu da artan n\u00fcfusa paralel olarak tar\u0131m \u00fcretiminin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Oysa son 40 y\u0131lda n\u00fcfus y\u0131ll\u0131k ortalama %2 oran\u0131nda artmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimin y\u0131ll\u0131k ortalama art\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 %1,2 d\u00fczeyinde kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

2000\u2018li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren tar\u0131msal destekleme kurum ve ara\u00e7lar\u0131 tasfiye edilerek; \u00e7ift\u00e7i, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n hi\u00e7bir yerinde tek ba\u015f\u0131na bir destekleme y\u00f6ntemi olmayan Do\u011frudan Gelir Deste\u011fi\u2018ne (DGD) muhta\u00e7 hale getirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ift\u00e7iye y\u00f6nelik kredi ve girdi (g\u00fcbre, zirai m\u00fccadele ilac\u0131, vs.) destekleri kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, kamu girdi \u00fcretim ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m sisteminden \u00e7ekilmi\u015f, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla girdi fiyatlar\u0131 fahi\u015f oranda art\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, kredi faiz oranlar\u0131 enflasyonun \u00fczerinde tutulmu\u015f, buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k \u00e7ift\u00e7i \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc maliyetinin alt\u0131nda fiyatlarla satmak zorunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Baz\u0131 y\u0131llar tar\u0131ma y\u00f6nelik destekleme fiyatlar\u0131nda art\u0131\u015f yerine gerileme g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Uygulanan IMF-D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131 destekli tasfiye politikalar\u0131na ek olarak k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nmadan kaynaklanan ya\u011f\u0131\u015f d\u00fczensizli\u011fi ve kurakl\u0131\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak 2007 ve 2008 y\u0131llar\u0131nda tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimde (\u00f6zellikle hububat ve baklagil \u00fcretiminde) ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc d\u00fc\u015fmeler olmu\u015ftur. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede 20 milyon ton civar\u0131nda olan bu\u011fday \u00fcretimi 17 milyon tona, 9 milyon ton civar\u0131nda olan arpa \u00fcretimi de 6 milyon tona gerilemi\u015ftir. Oysa \u00fclkemizin bu\u011fday ihtiyac\u0131 g\u0131da, tohumluk ve hayvan yemi olarak toplam 18,5 milyon ton civar\u0131ndad\u0131r. Buna ra\u011fmen liberal politikalara kurban edilen TMO 2 y\u0131ld\u0131r al\u0131m fiyat\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamamakta, yeterli al\u0131m yapmamakta, t\u00fcm\u00fcyle ithalat\u0131 destekleyen bir politika izlemektedir. Bir zamanlar\u0131n bu\u011fday ambar\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye, art\u0131k ihtiyac\u0131 olan bu\u011fday\u0131 yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan sat\u0131n alan bir \u00fclke haline gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda Do\u011fu ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerinde ya\u015fanan kurakl\u0131\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak 600 bin ton civar\u0131ndaki mercimek \u00fcretimi 100 bin tonlara d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. T\u00fcrkiye, temel g\u0131das\u0131 hammaddesi bu\u011fday\u0131n yan\u0131nda baklagil \u00fcr\u00fcnleri i\u00e7inde en b\u00fcy\u00fck ihra\u00e7 pay\u0131na sahip mercimekte de ithalat\u00e7\u0131 konuma gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnleri d\u0131\u015f ticaret a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde ilk kez 1 milyar dolar\u0131n \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131karak 2008\u2018in ilk 8 ay\u0131nda 2,5 milyar dolara ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Y\u0131l sonuna kadar 3,5 milyar dolara ula\u015fmas\u0131 beklenmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u00dcretim i\u00e7in uygun ko\u015fullar\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131yla bu y\u0131l f\u0131nd\u0131k rekoltesinin \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde artmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u00fcreticinin y\u00fcz\u00fc g\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc TMO taraf\u0131ndan, t\u00fcccar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131na uygun olarak, ge\u00e7en y\u0131l 5,15 YTL\/kg olarak a\u00e7\u0131klanan f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n 2008 fiyat\u0131 4 YTL\/kg olarak belirlenmi\u015ftir. \u00dcreticinin kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 girdiler ve enflasyondaki art\u0131\u015flara ra\u011fmen fiyat\u0131n %25 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmesi \u00fcreticiyi ma\u011fdur edecektir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan tar\u0131mda 1980 sonras\u0131 uygulanmaya ba\u015flanan neoliberal politikalar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde tar\u0131msal K\u0130T\u2018lere bir \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 y\u00f6nelmi\u015ftir. Hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k sekt\u00f6r\u00fcne b\u00fcy\u00fck hizmetleri olan Et ve Bal\u0131k Kurumu, S\u00fct End\u00fcstrisi Kurumu ve Yem Sanayi A\u015e\u2018ye ait t\u00fcm i\u015fletmeler (baz\u0131lar\u0131 arsa fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n dahi alt\u0131nda) \u00f6zelle\u015ftirilmi\u015f, baz\u0131 \u00e7evrelere bu sayede \u00f6nemli rant sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te \u00f6zellikle k\u0131rsal y\u00f6relerde orman k\u00f6yl\u00fclerine hizmet veren ve kendi alan\u0131nda sanayinin kurulmas\u0131na \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck eden Orman \u00dcr\u00fcnleri Sanayi de yok edilmi\u015ftir. Daha da \u00f6nemlisi tar\u0131ma girdi \u00fcreten ve \u00e7ift\u00e7iye ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan T\u00fcrkiye Zirai Donat\u0131m Kurumu ve G\u00fcbre Fabrikalar\u0131 da \u00f6zelle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. G\u00fcbre fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n fahi\u015f bi\u00e7imde artmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra g\u00fcbrede \u00fcretim yerine ithalata y\u00f6nelik bir politika izlenmi\u015f, t\u00fcketimdeki ithalat oran\u0131 %50\u2018lere ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda daha tehlikeli bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zelle\u015ftirilen ve tek \u00fcre \u00fcreticisi olan \u0130GSA\u015e, do\u011falgaz fiyatlar\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f\u0131 bahane ederek \u00fcretimini durdurmu\u015ftur. Gemlik G\u00fcbre\u2018nin ise kapat\u0131larak arazisinde termik santral kurulmas\u0131 planlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yine \u00f6nemli bir K\u0130T olan TEKEL\u2018in Amerika-\u0130ngiliz ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan \u00e7okuluslu bir t\u00fct\u00fcn tekeline sat\u0131lmas\u0131, \u00f6zellikle \u00fclkemizin G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi\u2018ndeki t\u00fct\u00fcn ekicileri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan son derece sak\u0131ncal\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furacakt\u0131r. Bu b\u00f6lgemizdeki t\u00fct\u00fcnler yaln\u0131zca TEKEL taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131n\u0131yor ve i\u015fleniyordu. Yabanc\u0131 tekel yaln\u0131zca Ege t\u00fct\u00fcnlerini tercih edecektir ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgemizdeki t\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcretimi yok olmaya mahkumdur.<\/p>\n

2008 y\u0131l\u0131 AB Ulusal Program Tasla\u011f\u0131\u2018nda kamunun bankac\u0131l\u0131k, et ve bal\u0131k \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, \u015feker ve \u00e7ay \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin i\u015flenmesi alanlar\u0131ndan \u00e7ekilece\u011fi, TMO\u2018da liberalizasyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrece\u011fi, T\u00fcrk\u015feker\u2018deki kamu hisselerinin \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme program\u0131na al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131 belirtilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Kamunun \u00e7ay sanayinden \u00e7ekilmesi halinde Do\u011fu Karadeniz\u2018de devlet\u00e7e desteklenen ve g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergileriyle korunan \u00e7ay \u00fcretiminin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayacak, aileleriyle birlikte 1 milyona yak\u0131n \u00e7ay \u00fcreticisi b\u00fcy\u00fck zararlar ya\u015fayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kamunun \u015feker sanayinden \u00e7ekilmesi do\u011frudan ve dolayl\u0131 olarak ge\u00e7imini bu alandan sa\u011flayan yakla\u015f\u0131k 10 milyon insan\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 zor duruma sokacakt\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2018daki pancar \u00fcreticisi di\u011fer \u00fcr\u00fcnlerden ayn\u0131 geliri elde edemeyece\u011finden topra\u011f\u0131n\u0131 terk ederek b\u00fcy\u00fck kentlere g\u00f6\u00e7 edecektir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye \u015feker ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 ancak ithalatla kar\u015f\u0131lamak zorunda kalacakt\u0131r. Bu nedenle Anadolu\u2018nun can damar\u0131 olan \u015feker sanayimiz \u00f6zelle\u015ftirilmemelidir.<\/p>\n

1980\u2018li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan bu yana uygulanan politikalarla \u00e7ift\u00e7iye kaliteli tohumluk ve dam\u0131zl\u0131k temin eden ve yeni tar\u0131m teknikleri konusunda \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck yapan kamuya ait tar\u0131m i\u015fletmelerinin (T\u0130GEM\u2018ler) i\u015flevleri a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan Tohumculuk Kanunu ile bir\u00e7ok i\u015flevi \u00e7okuluslu tohum \u015firketleri ve yerli ta\u015feronlar\u0131na devredilmi\u015ftir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde 38 i\u015fletmesinden 14\u2018\u00fc 30 y\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6re devredilen T\u0130GEM \u0130\u015fletmeleri amac\u0131na uygun olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r. \u00c7ift\u00e7i neredeyse ekecek yerli tohum bulamamakta, \u015firketlerden fahi\u015f fiyatlarla sat\u0131n almak zorunda kalmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Son zamanlarda k\u0131y\u0131 kesimlerinde de\u011ferli tar\u0131m arazileri \u00fczerinde elektrik \u00fcretimi amac\u0131yla termik santral yap\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bilindi\u011fi gibi bu tesisler \u00e7evreye yayd\u0131\u011f\u0131 gazlarla ekosisteme b\u00fcy\u00fck zarar vermektedir. \u00dcstelik bu tesisler ithal k\u00f6m\u00fcrle \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacak ve b\u00f6ylelikle enerjide d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k daha da artacakt\u0131r. Gelece\u011fimizin teminat\u0131 tar\u0131m arazilerimizin ama\u00e7 d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesinin Odam\u0131z takip\u00e7isi olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

As\u0131l amac\u0131 tar\u0131m topraklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 olan Toprak Koruma Kurullar\u0131n\u0131n bir\u00e7o\u011fu siyasi bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda g\u00f6revini yapamaz hale getirilmektedir. Adeta tar\u0131m topraklar\u0131n\u0131 tar\u0131m d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ama\u00e7lara tahsis ederek belirli \u00e7evrelere rant sa\u011flayan bu kurullarda meslekta\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00f6vg\u00fcye de\u011ferdir.<\/p>\n

Tar\u0131m ve K\u00f6yi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan y\u00f6netmelik de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle ustalar\u0131n g\u0131da i\u015fletmelerinde sorumlu y\u00f6neticilik yapmalar\u0131na olanak sa\u011flayan h\u00fck\u00fcm ODA\u2018m\u0131z\u0131n a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 dava sonucu Dan\u0131\u015ftay taraf\u0131ndan iptal edilmi\u015ftir. B\u00f6ylece meslekta\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alanlar\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fletilmesi konusunda \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131m daha at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Serbest \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan meslekta\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n yapt\u0131klar\u0131 i\u015flerle ilgili asgari \u00fccret tarifesi belirlenerek y\u0131lsonuna kadar yay\u0131nlanacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130lgili mevzuatta yap\u0131lacak de\u011fi\u015fikliklere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak tar\u0131msal yay\u0131m ve dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k e\u011fitimlerinde kendi e\u011fitimci kadromuzu yeti\u015ftirmek \u00fczere merkez teknik komitesine \u00f6neri g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclecektir.<\/p>\n

Tar\u0131m ve K\u00f6yi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2018na kar\u015f\u0131; meslekta\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n zirai m\u00fccadele alan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131na girebilmeleri i\u00e7in s\u0131nava tabi tutulmalar\u0131 ko\u015fulunu getiren y\u00f6netmeli\u011fin iptali i\u00e7in Dan\u0131\u015ftay\u2018a ba\u015fvurulmu\u015f, ancak ilgili Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n hukuki s\u00fcrecin sonucunu beklemeksizin 4 Ekim 2008 tarihinde s\u0131nav\u0131 yapmas\u0131 \u00fczerine, iptal istemiyle yeniden yarg\u0131 yoluna gidilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Son g\u00fcnlerde dalga dalga b\u00fcy\u00fcyen ve 1929 D\u00fcnya Ekonomik Buhran\u0131\u2018ndan bug\u00fcne ya\u015fananlar\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olarak tan\u0131mlanan bir K\u00fcresel Ekonomik Kriz ya\u015fanmaktad\u0131r. Kriz esas itibariyle, sosyal devletin yok edilmesi, \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme, \u00fcretim yerine t\u00fcketim ve rekabete dayal\u0131 neo-liberal politikalar\u0131n art\u0131k iflas etti\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ODA\u2018m\u0131z\u0131n bug\u00fcne kadar ilkeli bir \u015fekilde emekten ve \u00fcretimden yana sosyal devlet anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n egemen k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in verdi\u011fi m\u00fccadelenin ne denli hakl\u0131 oldu\u011fu bir kez daha ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

29 Ekim 2008 tarihinde Cumhuriyetimizin 85. y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 kutlayaca\u011f\u0131z. Bu ba\u011flamda tar\u0131m\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n geli\u015fmesine b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131 koyan, o y\u0131llar\u0131n imkans\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n tar\u0131msal K\u0130T\u2018lerin kurulmas\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck emekleri ge\u00e7en Cumhuriyetimizin kurucular\u0131 Mustafa Kemal ATAT\u00dcRK ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 sayg\u0131yla an\u0131yoruz.<\/font><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

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