{"id":507,"date":"2008-11-10T22:18:45","date_gmt":"2008-11-10T19:18:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/\/?p=507"},"modified":"2019-01-28T21:01:35","modified_gmt":"2019-01-28T18:01:35","slug":"basri-67","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/basri-67\/","title":{"rendered":"&#8220;Mustafa&#8221;- Ergin Y\u0131ld\u0131zo\u011flu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!--StartFragment-->  <\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">&#8220;Mustafa&#8221;- Ergin Y\u0131ld\u0131zo\u011flu(Cumhuriyet)<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">07 Kas\u0131m 2008 &#8211; \u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\u201cMustafa\u201dy\u0131 g\u00f6rmedim, g\u00f6rmeye de niyetim yok. Bir \u201cinsan\u201d olarak, \u201cger\u00e7ek\u201d \u201cMustafa\u201d hi\u00e7 ilgimi \u00e7ekmiyor. Beni ilgilendiren\u201cMustafa\u201dn\u0131n simgesel (anlamlar sistemi i\u00e7indeki) kimli\u011fi. Benim anlamlar sistemime bu kimli\u011fiyle, belli bir tarih yorumu i\u00e7inde kendisine y\u00fcklenen kimlikle, Mustafa Kemal olarak girdi. Bu kimli\u011fi olmasayd\u0131 Mustafa\u2019dan haberim bile olmayacakt\u0131, sizlerin de\u2026 Bu y\u00fczden benim i\u00e7in (sizin i\u00e7in de) bu anlamlar sistemi i\u00e7indeki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u201cger\u00e7ek\u201d bir\u201cMustafa\u201d yok.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\u00d6yleyse, bir yorumcunun vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, \u201csen\u201dlenmi\u015f, \u201ckat kat etiketlerinden temizlenmi\u015f\u201d (!), bir ba\u015fka yazar\u0131n i\u015faret etti\u011fi gibi, kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u201czaaflar\u0131, a\u015fklar\u0131, h\u0131rs\u0131, sigaras\u0131, i\u00e7kisi, dinden imandan uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile\u201d bir Mustafa getirmenin anlam\u0131 ne? <\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\" class=\"Apple-style-span\">Kahraman ve u\u015fa\u011f\u0131 <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">Hegel\u2019e g\u00f6re \u201cHi\u00e7bir kahraman u\u015fa\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in kahraman de\u011fildir. Kahraman, kahraman olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in de\u011fil, u\u015fak, u\u015fak oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in. Kahraman u\u015fa\u011fa, kahraman olarak de\u011fil, yiyen i\u00e7en, giyinen, k\u0131sacas\u0131, ona kendi \u00f6zeline \u00f6zg\u00fc arzular\u0131, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri ve gereksinimleri olan bir birey olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr\u201d (Tinin Fenomenolojisi, Oxford, 1977, Miller \u00e7evirisi, sf, 404) <\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">Bu \u201csiz onu kahraman olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyorsunuz ama asl\u0131nda b\u00f6yleydi\u201d \u201cd\u00fczeltmesini\u201d Hegel, \u201ckahraman\u0131 yarg\u0131layan ahlak\u00e7\u0131 u\u015fa\u011f\u0131n\u201d tavr\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rerek, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcms\u00fcyor. Hatta, kahraman\u0131n ki\u015fisel \u00f6zelliklerinin eyleminin, evrenselli\u011finin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na asla konulmamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini savunuyor. <\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu \u201cahlak\u00e7\u0131 u\u015fak yarg\u0131s\u0131\u201d, kahraman\u0131 (eylemleriyle, tarih i\u00e7indeki konumuyla, u\u015faktan \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 bir yerde duran kahraman\u0131) \u201ct\u00fcm etiketlerinden temizleyerek\u201d \u201cetkin \u00f6zneden\u201d \u201cpasif bireye\u201d, tarihsel insandan, g\u00fcndelik insana indirger, b\u00f6ylece onun anlamlar sistemi i\u00e7indeki kimli\u011fini yok eder. Simgesel kimli\u011fi yok edilen, konu\u015fulamaz hale gelir! <\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\u201cMustafa\u201dy\u0131 tarihin ona y\u00fckledi\u011fi etiketlerden soyutlarsak geriye ne kal\u0131r? Biyolojik \u00f6zelliklerine indirgenmi\u015f bir \u201carzulayan makine\u201d, hepimiz gibi biri. Ne yok olur? Tarihsel \u201cMustafa\u201d (Mustafa Kemal). Peki, Mustafa Kemal nedir: Cumhuriyeti kuran adam? Etiketlerinden kurtulmu\u015f \u201cMustafa\u201d ile Cumhuriyeti kuran adam aras\u0131nda bir ili\u015fki kurulabilir mi? Kurulamaz! \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, Cumhuriyeti kuran Mustafa Kemal, Cumhuriyeti tek ba\u015f\u0131na kurmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Cumhuriyet belli kadrolar\u0131n \u00f6nderli\u011finde, s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla, deste\u011fiyle, belli siyasi fikirlerin, tarihsel ak\u0131mlar\u0131n, geleneklerin etkisi alt\u0131nda kurulmu\u015ftur. Tarihsel \u201cMustafa\u201d(Mustafa Kemal) t\u00fcm bu karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n simgesi olarak var olan \u201ckahraman\u201d\u0131n ad\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\u201cArzulayan makine\u201d olarak, \u201cMustafa\u201d tabii ki \u201ckendi derisinin alt\u0131nda yaln\u0131zd\u0131r\u201d, hepimiz gibi. Arzular\u0131 ger\u00e7ekli\u011fin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015far, hepimizinkiler gibi. Her zaman mutsuz ve melankoliktir, metalar d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda, kimli\u011fi b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f t\u00fcm \u201cmodern\u201d insanlar gibi, yani hepimiz gibi. Ama bunlar s\u0131radand\u0131r, g\u00fcnceldir, baya\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Peki, ama neden ilgin\u00e7tir ve kimin i\u00e7in? <\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\" class=\"Apple-style-span\">Resmi ve \u2018ger\u00e7ek\u2019 tarihler\u2026 <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">Bunlar\u0131 \u201cd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrken\u201d, \u201cresmi tarih\u201d (bir \u015feyleri \u00f6rten tarih) kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na, bir \u015feyleri a\u00e7an \u201cger\u00e7ek\u201d, \u201cresmi olmayan\u201d tarihi koyma \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131 an\u0131msad\u0131m. Tarih (di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f olgular aras\u0131ndan baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 se\u00e7erek bunlara bir anlam veren metin) her zaman bir \u015feyleri (kimi olgular\u0131) d\u0131\u015far\u0131da b\u0131rak\u0131r, ancak b\u00f6yle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bir \u201ctutarl\u0131l\u0131k\u201d kazanabilir. Bu y\u00fczden de\u201cresmi tarihe\u201d kar\u015f\u0131 itiraz, asl\u0131nda ba\u015fka bir metni \u201cresmi tarih\u201d yapma talebidir. Ba\u015fka olgular\u0131 se\u00e7en, ba\u015fka olgular\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131da b\u0131rakarak yaz\u0131lan bir tarih talebi\u2026 Bu talepse \u201cevrensel\u201d olan\u0131n yaz\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u201calan\u0131n\u201d ele ge\u00e7irilmesi, hegemonya alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00e7abas\u0131ndan ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildir. Son derecede siyasi bir \u00e7aba\u2026 <\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">Bug\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de evrensel olan\u0131n yaz\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 yerin ele ge\u00e7irilmesine, hegemonya alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin bir sava\u015f s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Ne yaz\u0131k ki bu emekle-sermaye aras\u0131ndaki bir sava\u015f de\u011fil. Bu K\u00fcrtlerin taleplerinden yana, kar\u015f\u0131 olanlar aras\u0131ndaki bir sava\u015f da de\u011fil. Bu iki sava\u015f tabii ki var. Ama evrensel olan\u0131n hegemonya alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin sava\u015f, bug\u00fcn bunlar aras\u0131nda de\u011fil, taban tabana z\u0131t iki \u201chakikat rejimi\u201d (Ayd\u0131nlanma ve Din) aras\u0131nda s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Galip gelen evrensel olan\u0131n anlam\u0131n\u0131 hegemonyas\u0131 alt\u0131na alacak, belirleyecek. Bu y\u00fczden, bu iki \u201chakikat rejimi\u201d aras\u0131ndaki sava\u015f\u0131n sonucu, s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelelerine, ulusal, etnik hak taleplerine, hatta cinsel tercihlerin \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015fmesine ili\u015fkin sava\u015flar\u0131n simgesel evrenini (anlamlar sistemini) de belirleyecek. Ayd\u0131nlanman\u0131n (i\u00e7indeki kimi karanl\u0131k yanlar\u0131 unutmadan) \u201chakikat rejimi\u201d kazan\u0131rsa, ulus, s\u0131n\u0131f, etnik \u00e7\u0131kar, cinsel tercihler vb. gibi kavramlarla siyaset yap\u0131lmaya, m\u00fccadele edilmeye, \u201cd\u00fcnyalar\u201d kurulmaya ve y\u0131k\u0131lmaya devam edilecek. Bir di\u011feri (i\u00e7indeki t\u00fcm insani de\u011ferlere ra\u011fmen) kazan\u0131rsa, s\u0131n\u0131f, ulus etnisite, \u201ccinsel tercih\u201d gibi kavramlar \u201cevrensel olan\u0131n\u201d alt\u0131nda olu\u015facak yeni s\u00f6ylemde kendilerine yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6recekler\u2026 <\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\u201cMustafa\u201d filmi, i\u015fte bu \u201cevrensele egemen\u201d olma m\u00fccadelesinin i\u00e7inde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Yap\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131, evrenselin omuzlar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fan \u201chakikat rejimlerinin\u201d yarg\u0131lar\u0131ndan kurtulamaz. Tarihsel (Cumhuriyeti kuran her \u015feyin simgesi) Mustafa Kemal\u2019i, t\u00fcm \u201cetiketlerinden\u201d s\u0131y\u0131rarak insanile\u015ftirme (b\u00f6ylece onu \u201cyok etme\u201d) giri\u015fimi yap\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131n hangi \u201chakikat rejiminin\u201dhegemonya projesinin etkisi alt\u0131nda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da g\u00f6steriyor. Buradaki ironiyi g\u00f6rmemekse elde de\u011fil.<\/p>\n<p>  <!--EndFragment--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"  \n&#8220;Mustafa&#8221;- Ergin Y\u0131ld\u0131zo\u011flu(Cumhuriyet)\n07 Kas\u0131m 2008 &#8211; \u00a0\n&nbsp;\n\u00a0\n\u201cMustafa\u201dy\u0131 g\u00f6rmedim, g\u00f6rmeye de niyetim yok. Bir \u201cinsan\u201d olarak, \u201cger\u00e7ek\u201d \u201cMustafa\u201d hi\u00e7 ilgimi \u00e7ekmiyor. Beni ilgilendiren\u201cMustafa\u201dn\u0131n simgesel (anlamlar sistemi i\u00e7indeki) kimli\u011fi. Benim anlamlar sistemime bu kimli\u011fiyle, belli bir tarih yorumu i\u00e7inde kendisine y\u00fcklenen kimlikle, Mustafa Kemal olarak girdi. Bu kimli\u011fi olmasayd\u0131 Mustafa\u2019dan haberim bile olmayacakt\u0131, sizlerin de\u2026 Bu y\u00fczden benim i\u00e7in (sizin i\u00e7in de) bu anlamlar sistemi i\u00e7indeki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u201cger\u00e7ek\u201d bir\u201cMustafa\u201d yok.\n&nbsp;\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4689],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-507","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-secki"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/507","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=507"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/507\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=507"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=507"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=507"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}