{"id":569,"date":"2008-11-24T10:24:06","date_gmt":"2008-11-24T07:24:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/\/?p=569"},"modified":"2019-01-28T21:01:35","modified_gmt":"2019-01-28T18:01:35","slug":"basri-85","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/basri-85\/","title":{"rendered":"Kentsel D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmde \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Savunuculu\u011fu &#8211; Cihan Uzun\u00e7ar\u015f\u0131l\u0131 Baysal"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!--StartFragment--><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">Kentsel D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmde \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Savunuculu\u011fu<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">21 Kas\u0131m 2008<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">Y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nce kenar\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu kent ile ili\u015fkisi asgari d\u00fczeyde seyreden, yan\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en \u00e7evre yolundan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bile &#8216;g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez&#8217; olan, kente ait bir yerle\u015fimden \u00e7ok k\u0131rsal bir yerle\u015fime benzeyen K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u00e7ekmece \u0130l\u00e7esi Ayazma Mevkii&#8217;nin sakinleri, 1999&#8217;da yap\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015flanan ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck ve \u00f6nemli statlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer alaca\u011f\u0131 iddia edilen Olimpiyat Stadyumu ile ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131n alt \u00fcst edilerek ikinci bir travmatik g\u00f6\u00e7 ya\u015fayacaklar\u0131n\u0131 tahmin edemezlerdi. Onlar, 80&#8217;lerin ortalar\u0131 ile 90&#8217;l\u0131 y\u0131llarda do\u011fu ve g\u00fcneydo\u011fuda ya\u015fanan hak ihlalleri ve bask\u0131lar sonucu ya da i\u015f\/a\u015f bulabilme kayg\u0131lar\u0131 ile Ayazma&#8217;y\u0131 mekan bellemi\u015f ve geride b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131 k\u0131rsal ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131n benzerini Ayazma&#8217;da in\u015fa ederek yaralar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 sarmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">K.\u00c7ekmece G\u00f6l\u00fc, E5\/TEM, Ba\u015fak\u015fehir, \u0130kitelli Organize Sanayi B\u00f6lgesi&#8217;ne yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle arazi de\u011feri zaten giderek artmakta olan b\u00f6lgeye yap\u0131lan 120 milyon dolarl\u0131k stadyum, Ayazma&#8217;da y\u0131k\u0131mlara do\u011fru giden s\u00fcreci h\u0131zland\u0131racak ve mahallenin kaderini t\u00fcmden de\u011fi\u015ftirecekti. Uluslararas\u0131 bir b\u00fcy\u00fck etkinlik, spor\/ k\u00fclt\u00fcr\/sanat projesi hatta bir g\u00fczellik yar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131\u2026 Herhangi birinin belirli bir b\u00f6lgede ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilece\u011fi ne zaman telaffuz edilse, o b\u00f6lgenin yoksullar\u0131 ve yoksunlar\u0131 titremeye ba\u015flar der Mike Davis. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc yoksullar ve yoksunlar bilirler ki o andan itibaren mekanlar\u0131ndan ve ba\u011fl\u0131 bulunduklar\u0131 t\u00fcm ili\u015fkilerinden kopu\u015fu tetikleyecek bir yerinden edilme s\u00fcreci ba\u015flat\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Ayazma&#8217;ya bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda ve bug\u00fcn bo\u015falt\u0131lan b\u00f6lgede Olimpiyat Stad\u0131 etkinliklerine y\u00f6nelik be\u015f y\u0131ld\u0131zl\u0131 oteller ile prestijli villalar\u0131n in\u015fa edilece\u011fini yetkili a\u011f\u0131zlardan dinledi\u011fimizde k\u00fcresel s\u00fcrecin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kal\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rebiliyoruz; kent arazisi art\u0131k her yerde sermayenin hizmetindedir.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\" class=\"Apple-style-span\">&#8216;Bu alan (Ayazma) hazine m\u00fclk\u00fc \u00fczerine illegal olarak yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak tek katl\u0131 konutlar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu teknik ve sosyal altyap\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan herhangi bir donat\u0131s\u0131 bulunmayan, sosyo-ekonomik olarak da \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc b\u00f6lgesi olarak kabul edilebilecek bir niteli\u011fe sahiptir. &#8216;\u00d6tekiler&#8217; olarak say\u0131labilecek bir n\u00fcfus profiline sahip olan bu b\u00f6lge kentin varo\u015funda kentle b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fememi\u015f \u0130stanbul Metropoliten Alan\u0131 i\u00e7inde gelecekte en prestijli olabilecek bir alt b\u00f6lgede son derece ilkel ya\u015fam \u015fartlar\u0131 ko\u015futunda kente, daha do\u011frusu ya\u015fama tutunmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir alt b\u00f6lgedir&#8217;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">Yukar\u0131daki al\u0131nt\u0131 K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u00e7ekmece Belediyesi&#8217;nin Tepe\u00fcst\u00fc-Ayazma B\u00f6lgesi Kentsel D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Projesi i\u00e7in bast\u0131rtt\u0131\u011f\u0131 2004 tan\u0131t\u0131m kitap\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan. \u0130lk g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpan s\u00f6zc\u00fckler &#8216;\u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc&#8217;, &#8216;\u00f6tekiler&#8217; ve &#8216;prestijli&#8217;. Kentsel D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Projeleri g\u00fcndeme geldi\u011finden beri projelerin uygulanaca\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgeler &#8216;\u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc&#8217; olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme giren b\u00f6lgelerde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen tahliyeler bu kavram \u00fczerinden me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmakta ve kamuoyu da ikna edilerek, kent \u00f6tekilerden &#8216;temizlenip&#8217; prestijlilere yer a\u00e7\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6yleyse, insan haklar\u0131 savunucular\u0131, d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm mahallelerinde ya\u015fanan ma\u011fduriyet ve ihlalleri g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr k\u0131l\u0131p, &#8216;\u00f6teki&#8217; olarak in\u015fa edileni insani bir dil ile yeni ba\u015ftan in\u015fa etmek ve kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn t\u00fcm o cafcafl\u0131 tan\u0131t\u0131m reklamlar\u0131n\u0131n en dibinde yatan dram\u0131 ortaya koymak zorundad\u0131rlar. S\u00fcre\u00e7 boyu ya\u015fanmakta olan ma\u011fduriyetler silsilesini a\u00e7\u0131k etmek i\u00e7in ilk \u00f6rnek olan Ayazma \u00f6rne\u011finin incelenmesi ama ondan \u00f6te g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr k\u0131l\u0131narak kamuoyuna anlat\u0131labilmesi bu y\u00fczden \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">Bug\u00fcn, Ayazma&#8217;dan TOK\u0130 Bloklar\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilen aileler konut kredilerinin taksitleri, apartman aidatlar\u0131, su, elektrik ve do\u011falgaz faturalar\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden e\u011fitim, sa\u011fl\u0131k, g\u0131da, giyim gibi temel masraflar\u0131ndan k\u0131sarak katmerle\u015fen bir yoksullukla ba\u015f etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131rlar. Hatta bir k\u0131sm\u0131 belirli ya\u015fa gelen \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 e\u011fitimden al\u0131p i\u015fe vermekte, b\u00f6ylece dar ve zor Ayazma ko\u015fullar\u0131nda bile okullu olabilen \u00e7ocuklar, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrde daha iyi bir ya\u015fam sunmas\u0131 gereken toplu konutlarda e\u011fitim hakk\u0131 elinden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ucuz i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmektedir. Banka kredilerini \u00f6deyemedikleri i\u00e7in icra bekleyenler, evlerini sat\u0131l\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131karanlar ya da evlerini bor\u00e7lar\u0131 ile sat\u0131p gidenler ise \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc kez g\u00f6\u00e7 ma\u011fdurudurlar. Civardaki emlak b\u00fcrolar\u0131 &#8216;borcu ile sat\u0131l\u0131k ev&#8217; ilanlar\u0131 ile doludur. Bloklara yerle\u015fmeleri \u00fczerinden 2 sene ge\u00e7meden evlerini satanlar\u0131n oran\u0131 %30&#8217;dur. Ekonomik zorluklar bir yana, yemye\u015fil Ayazma&#8217;n\u0131n, geride b\u0131rak\u0131lan memlekete benzer havas\u0131 ile beton bloklar aras\u0131ndaki ya\u015fam\u0131n tezatl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hemen hemen hepsinde bir i\u00e7eri t\u0131k\u0131lma\/hapsedilme duygusu yaratm\u0131\u015f, bir sakinin dillendirdi\u011fi gibi &#8216;k\u00fcmese t\u0131k\u0131lan tavuklar&#8217; misali dar alanlara k\u0131st\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fl\u0131k ile ba\u015f etmek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Ayazma&#8217;da \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 g\u00f6n\u00fcl rahatl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile &#8216;d\u0131\u015far\u0131 sal\u0131p&#8217; kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde sohbet edebilen kad\u0131nlar bloklar aras\u0131ndaki ya\u015famlarda ortal\u0131ktan \u00e7ekilmi\u015f, a\u00e7\u0131k alanlara al\u0131\u015fk\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar ise 72 metrekare (net) konutlara s\u0131\u011famaz olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Kom\u015fuluk ili\u015fkileri darmada\u011f\u0131n olmu\u015f, &#8216;herkes kendi derdi ile u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan&#8217; Ayazma&#8217;daki destek ve dayan\u0131\u015fma yok olmu\u015ftur. Belediyenin reklam kitap\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131nda vurgulanan &#8216;g\u00fcvenli, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f ve kaliteli fizik mekan\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131&#8217; ise s\u00f6zde kalm\u0131\u015f, rutubet \u00e7eken duvarlar, alt dairelere akan banyo sular\u0131, hala in\u015faat halindeymi\u015f hissi veren apartman merdivenleri ve giri\u015fler ile Bezirganbah\u00e7e konutlar\u0131 hen\u00fcz yeniyken bile a\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, y\u0131pranm\u0131\u015f ve \u015fimdiden eski y\u00fczl\u00fc olmu\u015ftur. Ekonomik ve sosyal ma\u011fduriyetlere yeni gelinen b\u00f6lgedeki k\u00fclt\u00fcr fark\u0131 ve d\u0131\u015flanma nedeni ile k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ma\u011fduriyetler de eklenince Bezirgan&#8217;a ta\u015f\u0131nanlar i\u00e7in Ayazma belki de hi\u00e7 olamayaca\u011f\u0131 kadar \u00f6zlemle an\u0131lan bir &#8216;Yitik \u00dclke&#8217; haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">Bezirganbah\u00e7e TOK\u0130 konutlar\u0131nda ya\u015fanmakta olan ve yukar\u0131da sadece \u00f6zetini ge\u00e7ebildi\u011fimiz ma\u011fduriyetler ve ihlaller silsilesi ne yaz\u0131k ki kamuoyunca duyulmaz ve g\u00f6r\u00fclmezdir. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr olan, albenili reklamlar ve &#8216;\u015eimdi ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131zda yepyeni bir pencere a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131yor. Ayazma-Tepe\u00fcst\u00fc Kentsel D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Projesi hayallerinizi ger\u00e7e\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcyor&#8217; gibi kli\u015fe sloganlarla pompalanan sanal mutluluklar silsilesidir. Kamuoyu i\u00e7in gecekondu b\u00f6lgeleri halk\u0131n\u0131n cicili bicili rengarenk modern bloklara yerle\u015ftirilmeleri \u00fcstelik de \u00e7ok c\u00fczi (kimlere g\u00f6re?) say\u0131lan miktarlarla ev sahibi olabilmeleri; &#8216;i\u015fte ne g\u00fczeldir&#8217;! Toplum zaten gelir seviyesine g\u00f6re ayr\u0131\u015f\u0131p renk renk blokla\u015fmaktad\u0131r: En tepedekiler buyurun Bosphorous City, bir alt kademe haz\u0131r olun Soyak Olympia Kent, gecekonducular ar\u015f mar\u015f TOK\u0130 Kentsel D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Bloklar\u0131\u2026 S\u00fcre\u00e7 ola\u011fand\u0131r, kan\u0131ksanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve cennet art\u0131k bloklar\u0131n aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. O y\u00fczden gecekonducular\u0131n \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131 bloklar aras\u0131ndan duyulmazd\u0131r. Herhangi bir gazetenin &#8216;Emlak&#8217; ekine bakarak, okumaya gerek kalmadan sadece bakarak dahi nas\u0131l bir ya\u015fam stili bombard\u0131man\u0131 alt\u0131nda oldu\u011fumuzu rahatl\u0131kla anlayabiliriz.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">Kentleri biz in\u015fa ederiz, sonra kentler bizi d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr ve sonu\u00e7ta nas\u0131l insanlar oldu\u011fumuzu in\u015fa etti\u011fimiz kentler tayin eder, der David Harvey. Bug\u00fcn in\u015fa ededurdu\u011fumuz beton bloklar\u0131n aras\u0131ndaki ma\u011fduriyet ve ihlal \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 duyam\u0131yorsak, g\u00f6remiyorsak, \u00f6nce kendimize bak\u0131p ne t\u00fcr insanlara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmekte oldu\u011fumuzu sorgulamam\u0131z gerek. Ve i\u015fte bu y\u00fczden, tam da bu y\u00fczden, insan haklar\u0131 savunucular\u0131n\u0131n kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm projelerini kamuoyu \u00f6n\u00fcnde duyulur ve g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr k\u0131lmalar\u0131 ve iktidarca kurgulanan sanal mutluluklarla dolu bloklar d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n asl\u0131nda kent yoksullar\u0131n\u0131 daha da yoksul ve yoksun ederek hi\u00e7bir sorunu \u00e7\u00f6zemedi\u011fini, sadece ve sadece sermayeye hizmet etti\u011fini sergilemeleri gerekir. Akademik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan beslenen ancak kamuoyunca anla\u015f\u0131labilecek inceltilmi\u015f yal\u0131n bir dil ile &#8216;\u00f6tekilerin&#8217; ac\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ve ma\u011fduriyetlerinin kamuoyuna a\u00e7\u0131k edilmesi hatta bu \u00e7aban\u0131n yan\u0131nda g\u00f6rsel sanatlar da kullan\u0131larak &#8216;ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n ac\u0131s\u0131na&#8217; bak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131d\u0131r ama\u00e7.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">Bir ilk olan Ayazma&#8217;n\u0131n \u00f6nemi de tam bu noktada yatmaktad\u0131r, Sulukule i\u00e7in, Ba\u015f\u0131b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u00e7in, Mamak i\u00e7in, Dikmen i\u00e7in ve bilc\u00fcmlesi i\u00e7in\u2026 Kamuoyunu ard\u0131m\u0131za al\u0131p bir temel hak olan &#8216;Bar\u0131nma Hakk\u0131&#8217;nda bulu\u015fabilmek i\u00e7in.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">C\u0130HAN UZUN\u00c7AR\u015eILI BAYSAL \/ Birg\u00fcn Kent Sayfas\u0131<\/p>\n<p><!--EndFragment--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\nKentsel D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmde \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Savunuculu\u011fu\n21 Kas\u0131m 2008\nY\u0131k\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nce kenar\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu kent ile ili\u015fkisi asgari d\u00fczeyde seyreden, yan\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en \u00e7evre yolundan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bile &#8216;g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez&#8217; olan, kente ait bir yerle\u015fimden \u00e7ok k\u0131rsal bir yerle\u015fime benzeyen K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u00e7ekmece \u0130l\u00e7esi Ayazma Mevkii&#8217;nin sakinleri, 1999&#8217;da yap\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015flanan ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck ve \u00f6nemli statlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer alaca\u011f\u0131 iddia edilen Olimpiyat Stadyumu ile ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131n alt \u00fcst edilerek ikinci bir travmatik g\u00f6\u00e7 ya\u015fayacaklar\u0131n\u0131 tahmin edemezlerdi. Onlar, 80&#8217;lerin ortalar\u0131 ile 90&#8217;l\u0131 y\u0131llarda do\u011fu ve g\u00fcneydo\u011fuda ya\u015fanan hak ihlalleri ve bask\u0131lar sonucu ya da i\u015f\/a\u015f bulabilme kayg\u0131lar\u0131 ile Ayazma&#8217;y\u0131 mekan bellemi\u015f ve geride b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131 k\u0131rsal ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131n benzerini Ayazma&#8217;da in\u015fa ederek yaralar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 sarmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131.\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4689],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-569","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-secki"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/569","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=569"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/569\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=569"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=569"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=569"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}