Son d\u00f6nemlerde bir\u00e7ok kentimizde sel ve ta\u015fk\u0131n olaylar\u0131 ya\u015fanmaktad\u0131r. Ya\u015fanan olaylar k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ile ili\u015fkilendirilerek do\u011fal afet olarak tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Akdeniz havzas\u0131, H\u00fck\u00fcmetleraras\u0131 \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Panelinin De\u011ferlendirme Raporlar\u0131na g\u00f6re iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finden b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkilenecek b\u00f6lgeler aras\u0131nda bulunmaktad\u0131r. Akdeniz iklim ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131nda yer alan \u00dclkemizin de a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar, kurakl\u0131k ve su k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi sorunlarla daha fazla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 beklenmektedir. Ancak, \u00f6zellikle son y\u0131llarda yerle\u015fim yerlerinde ya\u015fanan sel felaketlerinin temel nedenleri, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finden ziyade plans\u0131z ve \u00e7arp\u0131k kentle\u015fme, yetersiz altyap\u0131 ile merkezi ve yerel y\u00f6netimlerin kentleri rant politikalar\u0131na teslim etmesidir.<\/p>\n
\u00d8\u00a0 Kentsel alanlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc asfalt ve betonla kapland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, d\u00fc\u015fen ya\u011f\u0131\u015f toprak taraf\u0131ndan emilememekte ve do\u011frudan ak\u0131\u015fa ge\u00e7mektedir.<\/p>\n
\u00d8\u00a0 \u00c7arp\u0131k kentle\u015fme sonucu, dere ta\u015fk\u0131n alanlar\u0131 ve dere yataklar\u0131 yap\u0131la\u015fmaya a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00d8\u00a0 H\u0131zl\u0131 n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 kentlerimizin altyap\u0131s\u0131 yetersiz kalmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck kentlerimizde bulunan birle\u015fik kanalizasyon sistemleri a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ya\u011f\u0131\u015flarda yetersiz kalmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye\u2018de en \u00f6nemli sorunlardan biri olan altyap\u0131 eksiklikleri ilgililer taraf\u0131ndan ne yaz\u0131k ki bug\u00fcne kadar giderilemedi\u011finden plans\u0131z ve \u00e7arp\u0131k kentle\u015fme, tar\u0131m arazileri \u00fczerine uygulanan yerle\u015fim planlar\u0131, yok edilen orman alanlar\u0131, bilin\u00e7sizce m\u00fcdahale edilen dere yataklar\u0131 ve k\u0131y\u0131lar ile gelinen noktada ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar maalesef can, mal ve toprak kay\u0131plar\u0131na neden olan sel felaketlerine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmektedir.<\/p>\n
Sellerin ger\u00e7ek nedeni, yere d\u00fc\u015fen ya\u011f\u0131\u015f miktar\u0131ndan ziyade, d\u00fc\u015fen ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn y\u00fczey ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7mesidir. Metrekareye d\u00fc\u015fen 100 kg ya\u011f\u0131\u015f, normal olarak d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc y\u00fczey \u00fczerinde sadece 10 cm (100 mm) y\u00fcksekli\u011finde su seviyesine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelmektedir. Ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yerin y\u00fczey \u00f6zelliklerine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak bu ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc toprak alt\u0131na ge\u00e7mekte, bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc de y\u00fczey ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak derelere ve nehirlere ula\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Sellere neden olan as\u0131l neden burada kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. E\u011fer ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc y\u00fczey “\u00c7im Alan, Orman veya Park Alan\u0131ysa”, 100 kg d\u00fc\u015fen ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 75-95 km aras\u0131ndaki miktar\u0131 toprak alt\u0131na ge\u00e7mekte, 5-25 kg ise y\u00fczey ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak derelere ula\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Di\u011fer taraftan e\u011fer 100 kg\u2018l\u0131k bu ya\u011f\u0131\u015f “Asfalt ya da Beton Alanlara” d\u00fc\u015ferse, ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n sadece 5-30 kg aras\u0131 toprak alt\u0131na ge\u00e7mekte, geri kalan 70-95 km\u2018l\u0131k miktar\u0131 ise y\u00fczey ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7erek derelere ula\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Ba\u015fka bir ifadeyle, \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 y\u00fczey ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7erek derelere ula\u015fmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bu ya\u011f\u0131\u015f sel ve ta\u015fk\u0131nlara neden olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Kentlerimizde ya\u011fmur suyu ve at\u0131ksu toplama sistemleri ayr\u0131k olarak in\u015faa edilmedik\u00e7e, y\u00fczey ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7en bu sular\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00d6zellikle yap\u0131la\u015fman\u0131n, asfalt ve beton zeminlerin \u00e7ok yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirlerde 50-100 kg aras\u0131 ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc noktada 5-10 cm y\u00fcksekli\u011fe sahip olan ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar, y\u00fczey ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7erek al\u00e7ak noktalara ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda metrelerce y\u00fcksekli\u011fe eri\u015ferek sel ve ta\u015fk\u0131nlara neden olmaktad\u0131r.<\/b><\/p>\n
Kentlerimizdeki park ve ye\u015fil alanlar yok edilerek, beton ve asfalt yo\u011funlu\u011fu artt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131k\u00e7a sel ve ta\u015fk\u0131nlar\u0131n olmas\u0131 da ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131r.<\/b><\/p>\n
\n
Ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n sel felaketlerine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmemesinin en temel kurallar\u0131 ise;<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00d8\u00a0 \u00dclkemizde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan birle\u015fik kanalizasyon sistemleridir. Birle\u015fik kanalizasyon sistemleri yerine, acil olarak ayr\u0131k kanalizasyon sistemleri kurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00d8\u00a0 Belediyelerde ya\u011fmur suyu projeleri bir an \u00f6nce projelendirilmeli ve projelerine uygun olarak in\u015fa edilmelidir.<\/p>\n
\u00d8\u00a0 Do\u011fal drenaj yerleri olan dere, kum dere yataklar\u0131na yap\u0131lan bilin\u00e7siz m\u00fcdahaleler \u00f6nlenmeli ve dere \u0131slahlar\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00d8\u00a0 Aktif ve aktif olmayan dere yataklar\u0131, ta\u015fk\u0131n saha s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 belirlenerek haritalara i\u015flenmeli, bu bilgiler imar planlar\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131rken g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulma ve yap\u0131la\u015fmaya kapat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00d8\u00a0 Belirlenen ta\u015fk\u0131n saha s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde kalan alanlarda yap\u0131la\u015fma kesinlikle yasaklanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ta\u015fk\u0131n saha s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde kalan konutlar bir an \u00f6nce kamula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131 ve bu alanlar ye\u015fil ku\u015fak olarak yeniden planlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00d8\u00a0 A\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131rma ve erozyon \u00f6nleme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na \u00f6ncelik verilmelidir.<\/p>\n
\u00d8\u00a0 Kentler i\u00e7in afet master planlar\u0131 geli\u015ftirilmeli ve kentlerimiz afete g\u00fcvenli b\u00f6lgeler haline getirilmelidir.<\/p>\n
\n
TMMOB \u00c7evre M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131
\n<\/b>Y\u00f6netim Kurulu<\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Son d\u00f6nemlerde bir\u00e7ok kentimizde sel ve ta\u015fk\u0131n olaylar\u0131 ya\u015fanmaktad\u0131r. Ya\u015fanan olaylar k\u00fcresel…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2010,2],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-6968","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-basin-aciklamalari","8":"category-haberler"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6968","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6968"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6968\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6968"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6968"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6968"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}