T\u00fcrkiye\u2018de \u0130nternet yeni bir tehlikeyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya! 5651 say\u0131l\u0131 yasada yap\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilen de\u011fi\u015fikliklerle; URL bazl\u0131 eri\u015fim engelleme, T\u0130B Ba\u015fkan\u0131 ve Bakan emriyle eri\u015fim engellemeleri, daha fazla takip ve sans\u00fcr hayat\u0131m\u0131za giriyor. Yok olan bas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ard\u0131ndan \u0130nternet de tamamen kontrol ve denetim alt\u0131na al\u0131nmak isteniyor.<\/b><\/i><\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye\u2018de \u0130nternet\u2018le ilgili ilk yasal d\u00fczenleme olarak 5651 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130nternet Ortam\u0131nda Yap\u0131lan Yay\u0131nlar\u0131n D\u00fczenlenmesi ve Bu Yay\u0131nlar Yoluyla \u0130\u015flenen Su\u00e7larla M\u00fccadele Edilmesi Hakk\u0131nda Kanun, 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015ftir. Yasan\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131yla ba\u015flayan eri\u015fim engellemeleri, \u0130nternet kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun faydaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 hizmetleri de kapsad\u0131k\u00e7a d\u00fczenlemeye kar\u015f\u0131 tepkiler artm\u0131\u015f, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar \u0130nternet ortam\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fcyen tepkilerin ard\u0131ndan ilk olarak 19 Haziran 2010\u2032da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen bir eylemle, “Sans\u00fcrs\u00fcz \u0130nternet” isteklerini sokakta dile getirmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n
2010 y\u0131l\u0131nda “\u0130nternet\u2018in G\u00fcvenli Kullan\u0131m\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin Usul ve Esaslar” y\u00f6netmeli\u011fiyle g\u00fcndeme gelen “Aile ve \u00c7ocuk Filtresi” d\u00fczenlemeleri ile birlikte sans\u00fcr tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 alevlenmi\u015f ve 15 May\u0131s 2011 tarihinde T\u00fcrkiye\u2018nin bir\u00e7ok ilinde kitlesel eylemler ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
5651 say\u0131l\u0131 yasa konusunda, ba\u015fta yurti\u00e7inden uzmanlar\u0131n ve konuyla ilgili demokratik kitle \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin yo\u011fun ele\u015ftirileri, yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015ftaylar, uluslararas\u0131 tepkiler ve A\u0130HM karar\u0131[1] varken; b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar dikkate al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u0130nternet \u00fczerinden yap\u0131lan yay\u0131nlar\u0131 daha yo\u011fun bir bask\u0131 ve denetim alt\u0131na almak \u00fczere yeni bir d\u00fczenleme \u00f6nerisi \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcze getirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
De\u011fi\u015fiklik Teklifinin Kapsam\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n
TBMM Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2018na yine bir “torba yasa” i\u00e7erisinde sunulan kanun de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi teklifi [2] ile, 5651 say\u0131l\u0131 yasada yap\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin ba\u015fl\u0131calar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n
– Engelleme \u00f6ncesi, “Uyar-Kald\u0131r” mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fletilmesi \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
– Eri\u015fim Sa\u011flayac\u0131lar\u0131 Birli\u011fi kurularak, T\u0130B ve mahkeme kararlar\u0131n\u0131n bu birlik \u00fczerinden uygulanmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n
– DNS tabanl\u0131 engellemenin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, URL ve IP tabanl\u0131 engelleme ile engelleme y\u00f6ntemleri geni\u015fletilmektedir.<\/p>\n
– T\u0130B Ba\u015fkan\u0131 veya ilgili Bakan\u2018\u0131n talimat\u0131yla eri\u015fim engelleme m\u00fcmk\u00fcn hale getirilmektedir.<\/p>\n
– Yer sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lara y\u00f6nelik hapis cezas\u0131 para cezas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n
– \u0130nternet trafik bilgisinin zorunlu tutulma s\u00fcresi 6 aydan 1 y\u0131la \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
– Hukuki karar s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin daha \u00e7abuk sonu\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 hedeflenmektedir.<\/p>\n
\u0130lk olarak Gezi Direni\u015fi boyunca “\u00fc\u00e7 maymun”u oynayan merkez medyaya alternatif olarak, insanlar\u0131n \u0130nternet ve \u00f6zellikle sosyal medya \u00fczerinden do\u011fru bilgiye ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n sonras\u0131nda g\u00fcndeme gelen bu d\u00fczenleme ile ilgili Temmuz 2013\u2032te \u00e7\u0131kan haberlere g\u00f6re; Ula\u015ft\u0131rma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kullan\u0131c\u0131 bilgilerini alabilmek i\u00e7in Twitter\u2018dan T\u00fcrkiye\u2018de ofis a\u00e7mas\u0131 talebinde bulunmu\u015ftur. Twitter ise \u00f6ncelikle hapis yerine para cezas\u0131 olmak \u00fczere yasal d\u00fczenlemelerde de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi \u015fart ko\u015fmu\u015ftur [3].<\/p>\n
De\u011fi\u015fiklikler Ne Anlama Geliyor?<\/p>\n
– Eri\u015fim engelleme, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc haliyle, mahkeme karar\u0131 veya Telekom\u00fcnikasyon \u0130leti\u015fim Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2018n\u0131n (T\u0130B) baz\u0131 katalog su\u00e7lar i\u00e7in re\u2018sen karar vermesiyle uygulanmaktad\u0131r. Yeni de\u011fi\u015fikliklerle, T\u0130B Ba\u015fkan\u0131 veya Bakan\u2018\u0131n talimat\u0131yla eri\u015fimin engellenmesi, ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6n\u00fcndeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck tehditlerden biridir.<\/p>\n
– “Uyar-Kald\u0131r” uygulamas\u0131 halihaz\u0131rda, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n kendi i\u00e7lerinde – do\u011fru ya da yanl\u0131\u015f – kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir y\u00f6ntemdir. Bu d\u00fczenleme k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli, \u00f6zellikle yerel i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bask\u0131 ve otosans\u00fcr mekanizmas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fecektir. Bu ayn\u0131 zamanda, i\u00e7eri\u011fe y\u00f6nelik m\u00fcdahalelerin takibinin de art\u0131k m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olamayaca\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmektedir.<\/p>\n
– URL tabanl\u0131 engelleme, daha geli\u015fmi\u015f denetim ve takip altyap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirecektir. Bu altyap\u0131lar\u0131n nas\u0131l kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, T\u0130B\u2018in izleme ve takip konusundaki k\u00f6t\u00fc siciline bakarak \u00f6ng\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
– Eri\u015fim Sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 Birli\u011fi\u2018nin asli g\u00f6revi eri\u015fim engellemek olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca birlikle ilgili mali d\u00fczenlemeler ve denetim altyap\u0131lar\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2018de \u0130nternet eri\u015fiminin maliyetini art\u0131racakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
– Kay\u0131tlar\u0131n uzun s\u00fcre tutulacak olmas\u0131, verinin i\u015flenmesi ve fi\u015fleme uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
– Karar alma s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin daha \u00e7abuk sonu\u00e7lanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in getirilen zaman kriterleri, konuya uzak adli personelin hatal\u0131 karar almas\u0131na neden olabilecektir.<\/p>\n
Bunlar\u0131n \u00f6tesinde,<\/p>\n
– Yer sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, hak ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan farkl\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 (y\u00f6netmelik ile d\u00fczenlenecek),<\/p>\n
– URL engelleme i\u015fleminde, anahtar kelime bazl\u0131 engelleme kullan\u0131lmas\u0131,<\/p>\n
– \u00d6zellikle sosyal medya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde “Tekzip” yay\u0131mlama uygulamas\u0131,<\/p>\n
– Eri\u015fim sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n alternatif eri\u015fim yollar\u0131n\u0131 engelleyici tedbirleri almas\u0131,<\/p>\n
gibi net olmayan ve ucu a\u00e7\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fiklikler, uygulama bi\u00e7imine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak endi\u015fe uyand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 niteliktedir.<\/p>\n
Genel De\u011ferlendirme<\/b><\/p>\n
Mevcut haliyle dahi \u00e7ok\u00e7a ele\u015ftiri alm\u0131\u015f ve tepki g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f 5651 say\u0131l\u0131 yasay\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek yerine, gelen t\u00fcm ele\u015ftiri ve tepkilere kulaklar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0131kayarak sans\u00fcr\u00fc ve takibin kapsam\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131ran bu de\u011fi\u015fiklik \u00f6nerisi iktidar\u0131n demokrasi anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne sermektedir.<\/p>\n
B\u00fcy\u00fck sermaye gruplar\u0131n\u0131n tekelinde olan geleneksel medya ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerindeki siyasal bask\u0131 ve bas\u0131n\u0131n bir toplumsal manip\u00fclasyon arac\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi Gezi direni\u015fiyle birlikte alenile\u015fmi\u015f; \u0130nternet alternatif bir ileti\u015fim, do\u011fru bilgiye u\u011fra\u015fma arac\u0131 olarak daha da \u00f6nem kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130nternet\u2018in sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilgiye eri\u015fim ve ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ortam\u0131ndan duyulan rahats\u0131zl\u0131k, ba\u015fta Ba\u015fbakan olmak \u00fczere iktidar\u0131n bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 temsilcisi taraf\u0131ndan dile getirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\u0130\u015fte bu rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve korkunun bir sonucu olarak uygulamaya sokulmak istenen d\u00fczenleme, \u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ve \u0130nternet\u2018i anlamaktan uzak, arkaik bir zihniyetin son hezeyanlar\u0131d\u0131r. Bug\u00fcne kadar \u0130nternet\u2018i kontrol alt\u0131na almaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan her m\u00fcdahaleye kar\u015f\u0131 alternatif ara\u00e7lar ve y\u00f6ntemler geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f, bu d\u00fczenlemeler \u0130nternet\u2018in kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 (darknet\/deepweb) b\u00fcy\u00fctmekten ba\u015fka bir i\u015fe yaramam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
5651 say\u0131l\u0131 yasa ile ilgili bug\u00fcne kadar insan haklar\u0131, teknik ve hukuki \u00e7er\u00e7evede pek \u00e7ok de\u011ferlendirme ve \u00f6nerinin bu d\u00fczenleme teklifiyle birlikte hi\u00e7bir ge\u00e7erlili\u011finin kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. 5651 say\u0131l\u0131 yasa, \u00f6nerilen haliyle art\u0131k iyile\u015ftirilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan, tarihin \u00e7\u00f6pl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne at\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken bir d\u00fczenleme olarak de\u011ferlendirilmelidir.<\/p>\n
2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda taslak olarak TBMM\u2018ye sunulan “Ki\u015fisel Verilerin Korunmas\u0131 Kanunu”[4], y\u0131llard\u0131r g\u00fcndeme al\u0131nmazken, jet h\u0131z\u0131yla alt komisyondan ge\u00e7erek TBMM\u2018ye sunulan bu de\u011fi\u015fiklik teklifiyle birlikte, bir \u0130nternet kollu\u011fu olarak engelleme ve takipten sorumlu Telekom\u00fcnikasyon \u0130leti\u015fim Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2018na bir M\u0130T g\u00f6revlisinin atanmas\u0131 da, T\u0130B\u2018in ge\u00e7mi\u015f uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 aratacak bir sans\u00fcr ve denetim s\u00fcrecinin habercisidir.<\/p>\n
Haziran direni\u015finin egemen blokta yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131lmayla hukukun uygulanmas\u0131ndaki keyfiyet, devlet idaresindeki sorumsuzluk ve yolsuzluk, y\u00f6netenlerin ve onlar\u0131n medyas\u0131n\u0131n yalanlar\u0131 ortaya sa\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hi\u00e7bir sans\u00fcr uygulamas\u0131 bu pisli\u011fi kapatmaya yetmeyecektir, halk\u0131n adalet, demokrasi ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck talebini bast\u0131ramayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bilgisayar M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131 olarak, bilginin \u00f6zg\u00fcr dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc hedef alan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc bask\u0131c\u0131, sans\u00fcrc\u00fc, anti-demokratik uygulaman\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda m\u00fccadele edece\u011fimizi bir kez daha kamuoyuna sayg\u0131yla duyururuz.<\/p>\n
Bilgisayar M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131
\n1.<\/b> D\u00f6nem Y\u00f6netim Kurulu<\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrkiye\u2018de \u0130nternet yeni bir tehlikeyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya! 5651 say\u0131l\u0131 yasada yap\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilen…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2010,2],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-7647","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-basin-aciklamalari","8":"category-haberler"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7647","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7647"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7647\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7647"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7647"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7647"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}