{"id":9666,"date":"2014-04-08T17:28:58","date_gmt":"2014-04-08T14:28:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/politeknik.org.tr\/\/?p=9666"},"modified":"2019-01-28T18:34:45","modified_gmt":"2019-01-28T15:34:45","slug":"politeknik-ekibinin-3-kopru-insaatinda-coken-iskele-ile-ilgili-ayrintili-teknik-raporu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/politeknik-ekibinin-3-kopru-insaatinda-coken-iskele-ile-ilgili-ayrintili-teknik-raporu\/","title":{"rendered":"Politeknik ekibinin 3. K\u00f6pr\u00fc in\u015faat\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6ken iskele ile ilgili ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 teknik raporu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>3. K\u00f6pr\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn devam\u0131 olan Kuzey Otoyolu\u2019nun \u00c7avu\u015fba\u015f\u0131 Mevkii\u2019nde viyad\u00fck in\u015faat\u0131nda 5 Nisan 2014 g\u00fcn\u00fc iskele \u00e7\u00f6kerken 3 i\u015f\u00e7i hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti. Politeknik ekibi, kazan\u0131n ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnden itibaren b\u00f6lgedeki b\u00fct\u00fcn engellemelere ra\u011fmen incelemelerde bulunarak kazan\u0131n nedenlerini teknik a\u00e7\u0131lardan ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Politeknik ekibi, kazan\u0131n ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 gece sahada yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlem d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda iki kez daha olay yerinde inceleme yapmak istemesine ra\u011fmen sahaya al\u0131nmad\u0131.\u00a0\u0130n\u015faat alan\u0131 meslek odalar\u0131n\u0131n, akademisyenlerin ve Politeknik ekibinin incelemelerine kapat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130lk gece g\u00f6zlemleri, i\u015f\u00e7ilerle yap\u0131lan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler, \u015fantiye etraf\u0131nda yap\u0131lan incelemeler dahilinde bir rapor olu\u015fturuldu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Politeknik Teknik Raporu<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>Viyad\u00fck in\u015faat\u0131nda kurulan iskelenin \u00e7\u00f6km\u00fc\u015f olmas\u0131 bir kusur oldu\u011funun a\u00e7\u0131k g\u00f6stergesi. G\u00fcvenli bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131 i\u00e7in iskele kurulum \u015fartlar\u0131 bellidir. Bu nedenle\u00a0<strong>bir kaza de\u011fil i\u015f cinayetidir<\/strong>. Durmaks\u0131z\u0131n ve ak\u0131l almaz bir h\u0131zla yap\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan in\u015faatlar, al\u0131nmayan \u00f6nlemler, denetimin yok say\u0131lmas\u0131, \u00a0ta\u015feron sisteminde\u00a0i\u015f\u00e7i sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve i\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011fi \u00f6nlemlerinin &#8220;fuzuli maliyet&#8221; olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi \u00fc\u00e7 i\u015f\u00e7inin daha can\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>50 metre gibi y\u00fcksek yap\u0131lar i\u00e7in kurulan iskeleler, belli \u015fartlar ve hesaplamalar gerektirdi\u011finden meydana gelen \u00e7\u00f6kme birden fazla nedene dayanabilir. Beton d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fc s\u0131ras\u0131nda kal\u0131p alt\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma iskelesinin i\u015f cinayetine sebep olmas\u0131n\u0131n olas\u0131 nedenlerin \u015f\u00f6yle s\u0131ralanabilir.<\/p>\n<p><b style=\"line-height: 1.5em;\">\u0130skelenin \u00e7\u00f6kmesine dair olas\u0131 nedenler;<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b style=\"line-height: 1.5em;\">Uygulama hatalar\u0131:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><\/b>Viyad\u00fckte ya\u015fanan kazada iki aya\u011f\u0131 birbirine ba\u011flamak i\u00e7in iki ayak aras\u0131na yerden yukar\u0131 kal\u0131p alt\u0131 iskelesi kuruldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Yerden y\u00fcksekli\u011fi <b>24 metreden fazla olan iskeleler \u2018\u00f6zel y\u00fckler\u2019 s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na girmektedir<\/b>. \u00d6zel y\u00fckler s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na giren bu uygulamalarda <b>statik hesap <\/b>yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Bu hesapta; d\u00f6k\u00fclecek betonun a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hesap edilmeli, bu ve buna benzer iskeleler kurulaca\u011f\u0131 zaman <b>ara yatay elemanlar\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olduk\u00e7a k\u0131sa tutulmal\u0131<\/b>d\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek iskelelerde dikey elemanlar artt\u0131r\u0131larak iskeleye gelecek toplam y\u00fck yay\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. <b>Her d\u00f6rt bo\u015flukta bir \u00e7aprazlar<\/b> at\u0131lmal\u0131 ve <b>iskele 7 metrede bir ankrajlanmal\u0131d\u0131r<\/b>. <b>Ya\u015fanan bu kaza statik hesaplar\u0131n do\u011fru yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve iskele kurulurken yatay elemanlar\u0131n aras\u0131n\u0131n 1 metreden daha fazla b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7apraz ba\u011flant\u0131 ve ankrajlar\u0131nda eksiklikler<\/b> oldu\u011fu ihtimallerini i\u00e7eriyor. Kaza yerinde \u00e7\u00f6km\u00fc\u015f olan iskelede kullan\u0131lan par\u00e7alar g\u00f6r\u00fclmeli, iskele kurulan yerin \u00e7ap\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak hesap yap\u0131lmal\u0131(\u00fcstte belirtilen ara mesafe \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri, ba\u011flant\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131, y\u00fck-ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 durumu, di\u011fer uygulamalar), inceleme sonucu kusur bulunmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/ilk.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9689 aligncenter\" alt=\"ilk\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/ilk.jpg\" width=\"657\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/ilk.jpg 939w, https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/ilk-300x205.jpg 300w, https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/ilk-150x102.jpg 150w, https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/ilk-754x516.jpg 754w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 657px) 100vw, 657px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>Malzeme kaynakl\u0131 hatalar<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><\/b>1 Kas\u0131m 2013 tarihinde \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 iskeleler\u00a0 ile ilgili yeni \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eu anki TS EN 12811\/1-2-3 ve TS EN 12810 T\u00fcrk Standartlar\u0131 (TS) Avrupa\u2019da ge\u00e7erli olan EN normlar\u0131n\u0131 oldu\u011fu gibi kabul etmektedir. Bu standartlarda iskele malzemelerinin imalat\u0131 a\u015famas\u0131nda uyulmas\u0131 gereken \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcler vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bunlar;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Dikey elemanlar : 48x3x3.2 mm<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Yatay elemanlar: 48x3x3 mm<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>\u00c7apraz ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 da 48x3x3.2 mm<\/b> olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Kullan\u0131lan iskele sistemi \u00a0<b>flan\u015fl\u0131(kamal\u0131)sistem ise fla\u015flar\u0131n en az 8 mm<\/b> ve <b>alt ve \u00fcst kaynakl\u0131<\/b> olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. 18211 standartlar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda iskelede kullan\u0131lan t\u00fcm malzemelerin hangi standartlarda olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi belirtilmektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin <b>platformlarda TS-EN 12810<\/b>, <b>kelep\u00e7elerde EN 74\u2019e<\/b>, <b>ah\u015fap kalas kullanacaksak BS 2482<\/b> ge\u00e7erlidir. Bu bilgiler \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kazan\u0131n meydana geldi\u011fi iskele i\u00e7in \u201cmalzeme se\u00e7imi nedir?\u201d, \u201cstandarlara uygun se\u00e7im yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u0131d\u0131r\u201d, \u201cKurulumdan \u00f6nce bu standartlar\u0131n kontrol\u00fc yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f d\u0131r?\u201d sorular\u0131n\u0131n cevab\u0131 yan\u0131tlanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ancak ve ancak sahada yap\u0131lacak \u015feffaf inceleme ile belirlenebilecektir.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u0130skelede hesap hatas\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u0130skele kurulumlar\u0131nda, uluslararas\u0131 standartlarda\u00a0 4 \u00e7e\u015fit iskele vard\u0131r. Bu hesaplar yap\u0131lan i\u015f \u00f6ncesinde \u015fartlara ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak teknik g\u00f6revliler taraf\u0131ndan hesaplar\u0131 tamamlanan i\u015f kalemleridir.<span style=\"line-height: 1.5em;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Hafif y\u00fckler i\u00e7in(Light Duty) 122 kg\/m2<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Orta y\u00fckler i\u00e7in(Medium Duty) 244 kg\/m2<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>A\u011f\u0131r y\u00fckler i\u00e7in(Heavy Duty) 366 kg\/m2<\/b><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00d6zel y\u00fckler i\u00e7in(special Duty)&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..kg\/m2<\/strong> statik hesap gerektiren iskeleler.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Kazan\u0131n ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 iskele i\u00e7in \u201c\u00f6zel y\u00fckler i\u00e7in olan hesab\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131 m\u0131?\u201d, \u201cYap\u0131ld\u0131 ise kim yapt\u0131?\u201d \u201cHesaplarda belirtilen standartlara uyuldu mu?\u201d sorular\u0131n\u0131n cevab\u0131 acilen bulunmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00d6rnek iskeleler:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/2nci.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9690 aligncenter\" alt=\"2nci\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/2nci.jpg\" width=\"650\" height=\"496\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/2nci.jpg 929w, https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/2nci-300x228.jpg 300w, https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/2nci-150x114.jpg 150w, https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/2nci-754x574.jpg 754w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi ya\u015fanan i\u015f cinayeti AKP iktidar\u0131n\u0131n pervas\u0131zca y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc projelerinde ta\u015fere etti\u011fi i\u015flerde s\u0131k\u00e7a ya\u015fanmaktad\u0131r. Bu g\u00f6z\u00fc d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn sonu kar\u0131 y\u00fckseltme h\u0131rs\u0131yla bilimden uzak, denetimsiz y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen yap\u0131 i\u015fleridir. AKP iktidar\u0131n\u0131n besledi\u011fi bu d\u00f6ng\u00fc i\u015f\u00e7ilerin hayat\u0131na mal olmaktad\u0131r. Sorumlular\u0131 yukar\u0131da belirtilen nedenlerin bir veya daha fazlas\u0131na uymad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in 3 i\u015f\u00e7i ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirmi\u015ftir. Politeknik ekibi olarak \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 yap\u0131yoruz; meslek odalar\u0131 ve akademisyenlerden olu\u015fan bir heyetin kazan\u0131n\u0131n nedenlerini belirleyebilmesi i\u00e7in \u015feffaf bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma zemini yarat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>politeknik.org.tr<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"3. K\u00f6pr\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn devam\u0131 olan Kuzey Otoyolu\u2019nun \u00c7avu\u015fba\u015f\u0131 Mevkii\u2019nde viyad\u00fck in\u015faat\u0131nda 5 Nisan&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":9697,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[2082,2083],"class_list":{"0":"post-9666","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-bilgibelge","8":"tag-3-kopru-is-cinayeti","9":"tag-teknik-rapor"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9666","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9666"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9666\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9697"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9666"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9666"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9666"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}