60 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn tarihine bakmak kolay i\u015f de\u011fil. Hele de tarihsel olarak d\u00fcnyada ilkeler, ama\u00e7lar ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan benzeri olmayan bir birli\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131 meslek odas\u0131ndan bahsediyorsak.<\/p>\n
Bu yaz\u0131da \u201ckolay\u0131\u201d se\u00e7ece\u011fim. EMO\u2019nun 60 y\u0131ll\u0131k tarihinde \u00e7ok yer tutmayan, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz ve gelecek a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, \u00fccretli m\u00fchendislerin g\u00fcvence m\u00fccadelesine de\u011finece\u011fim.<\/p>\n
EMO\u2019nun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma d\u00f6nemlerinde 10-15 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fi var \u00fccretli m\u00fchendis \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n.(1) \u00dccretli m\u00fchendislerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fam\u0131na ili\u015fkin tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamandan bu yana bu alanda s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclecek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n zorunlulu\u011fu kendini say\u0131sal verilerle oldu\u011fu kadar politik verilerle de ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n
\u00dccretli m\u00fchendisler ne durumda?<\/strong> T\u00fcrk M\u00fchendis ve Mimar Odalar\u0131 Birli\u011fi\u2019nin (TMMOB) 2006 y\u0131l\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00e7ok say\u0131da m\u00fchendislik disiplinini kapsayan ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda \u00fccretli m\u00fchendislerin oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 81 olarak a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u0130n\u015faat M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131 (\u0130MO) Ankara \u015eubesi\u2019nin 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fcyeleri \u00f6zelinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 profil ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n y\u00fczde 62\u2019si \u00fccretli in\u015faat m\u00fchendisi. \u00d6zellikle gen\u00e7 ve yeni mezun m\u00fchendisler baz al\u0131narak yap\u0131lan oranlamada, \u00fccretli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma oran\u0131 mezuniyet tarihi yak\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a artmaktad\u0131r. EMO\u2019nun 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 EMO \u00dcyelerinin \u0130stihdam\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131\u2019nda bu sonu\u00e7 \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n genelinde \u00fccretli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 68 olarak tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Ankete kat\u0131lan m\u00fchendisler ya\u015flar\u0131na g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 25-35 ya\u015f aras\u0131ndaki m\u00fchendislerin y\u00fczde 83\u2019\u00fcn\u00fcn, 25 ya\u015f ve alt\u0131nda olan m\u00fchendislerin ise y\u00fczde 92\u2019sinin \u00fccretli oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00dccretli m\u00fchendisler; d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretlerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6denmeyen uzun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatleri, SGK primlerinin ger\u00e7ek \u00fccret \u00fczerinden \u00f6denmemesi, hafta tatili olmaks\u0131z\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma gibi sorunlar\u0131 yayg\u0131n bir bi\u00e7imde ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. TMMOB\u2019nin 2006 y\u0131l\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi profil ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na bakmaya devam etti\u011fimiz zaman \u00fccretli m\u00fchendislerin y\u00fczde 28\u2019inin 50 saatten fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, fazla mesai yapanlar\u0131n y\u00fczde 61\u2019inin ise fazla mesai \u00fccreti almad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda yasal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresi 40 saat olan kamuda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00fccretli m\u00fchendisler devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131larak oranlama yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise \u00fccretli m\u00fchendislerin \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck oranlarda fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve fazla mesai \u00fccreti almad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.(2) TMMOB’nin profil ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 m\u00fchendislerin y\u00fczde 51\u2019inin 1500 TL’nin alt\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor.(3) EMO \u00dcyelerinin \u0130stihdam\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131\u2019nda \u00fccretli m\u00fchendislerin y\u00fczde 60.8\u2019inin 2500 TL\u2019nin alt\u0131nda \u00fccret ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmada ya\u015fa g\u00f6re da\u011f\u0131l\u0131ma bir kez daha bakacak olursak 25-35 ya\u015f aras\u0131ndaki \u00fccretli m\u00fchendislerin y\u00fczde 66\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n, 25 ya\u015f\u0131nda olan ve daha gen\u00e7 ya\u015ftaki \u00fcyelerin ise y\u00fczde 87\u2019sinin 2500 TL\u2019nin alt\u0131nda \u00fccret ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n Say\u0131lar\u0131 her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn artan m\u00fchendislik, mimarl\u0131k fak\u00fclteleri ve b\u00f6ylelikle geni\u015fleyen kontenjanlarla her y\u0131l mezuniyet say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131, m\u00fchendislerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131na ili\u015fkin olumsuz gidi\u015fat\u0131n da benzer bir bi\u00e7imde katlanarak devam edece\u011fine i\u015faret etmektedir. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle profil ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131 2014 y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00fcncelledi\u011fimizi varsayarsak \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcksek oranlarda g\u00fcvencesizlik sonu\u00e7lar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015faca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek abart\u0131 olmayacakt\u0131r. Bu \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131m i\u00e7in \u00fcniversitelerde artan kontenjan say\u0131lar\u0131na bakmak ipucu verebilir.<\/p>\n 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda 95 \u00fcniversitede bulunan m\u00fchendislik, mimarl\u0131k fak\u00fclteleri i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131klanan kontenjan say\u0131s\u0131 67 bin 939\u2019du. Yaln\u0131zca bir y\u0131l sonra \u00d6l\u00e7me Se\u00e7me ve Yerle\u015ftirme Merkezi\u2019nin (\u00d6SYM) 2012 y\u0131l\u0131 tercih k\u0131lavuzunu inceledi\u011fimizde m\u00fchendislik mimarl\u0131k fak\u00fcltelerinin 144 \u00fcniversitede bulundu\u011funu ve kontenjan say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 94 bin 821\u2019e \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda benzer bir sonu\u00e7 kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor: 145 \u00fcniversite 94 bin 143 ki\u015filik m\u00fchendis, mimar ve \u015fehir planc\u0131s\u0131 kontenjan\u0131.<\/p>\n Meslek odalar\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor mu?<\/strong> AKP iktidar olu\u015funun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc d\u00f6neminde neoliberal sald\u0131r\u0131 program\u0131n\u0131 kurumsalla\u015ft\u0131rma ad\u0131mlar\u0131 att\u0131. \u00c7evre ve \u015eehircilik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile b\u00fcnyesinde olu\u015fturulan Mesleki Hizmetler Genel m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc TMMOB\u2019nin yetki alan\u0131na m\u00fcdahale etti. Do\u011fa ve kentlerin sermaye birikimi do\u011frultusunda talan edilmesinin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7an yasal d\u00fczenlemeler (2B Yasas\u0131, Afet Yasas\u0131, B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Yasas\u0131) Meclis\u2019ten pe\u015f pe\u015fe ge\u00e7irildi. Denetim AKP iktidar\u0131n\u0131n merkezinde topland\u0131.(4)<\/p>\n TMMOB Yasas\u0131 g\u00fcndeme geldi. AKP, TMMOB Yasas\u0131 Tasla\u011f\u0131 ile TMMOB\u2019ye do\u011frudan m\u00fcdahale edebilece\u011fini \u201cg\u00f6sterdi\u201d. TMMOB Yasa Tasla\u011f\u0131 rafa kalkt\u0131; TMMOB\u2019yi yetkisizle\u015ftirme planlar\u0131 ba\u015fka yasal d\u00fczenlemelerle devam etti. AKP kendi rant alan\u0131n\u0131 (ve otorite alan\u0131) geni\u015fletti, neoliberal d\u00f6nemin sermaye birikim modeli kurumsalla\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n Neoliberal program ekseninde at\u0131lan bu ad\u0131mlar bir d\u00f6nem \u00e7e\u015fitli yetkilerle donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f meslek odalar\u0131n\u0131n yeni d\u00f6nemlerine, yeni m\u00fccadele zeminlerine, bi\u00e7imlerine i\u015faret ediyor, etmeli.<\/p>\n B\u00fct\u00fcn bu verilere ra\u011fmen \u00fccretli m\u00fchendislerin g\u00fcvence m\u00fccadelesi yaln\u0131zca bir iddiadan m\u0131 ibaret?<\/p>\n G\u00fcvencesizlik, \u00fccretli m\u00fchendisler i\u00e7in her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn daha yak\u0131c\u0131 hale gelirken, odalar\u0131n yasa ve yetkilerine ili\u015fkin m\u00fcdahaleler g\u00fcncelli\u011fini korurken, AKP\u2019nin karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 isyan eden milyonlar, Haziran \u0130syan\u0131\u2019na kitlesel bi\u00e7imde kat\u0131lan, ya\u015famlar\u0131na, mesleklerine ve geleceklerine sahip \u00e7\u0131kan gen\u00e7 m\u00fchendisler g\u00fcvence m\u00fccadelesi iddias\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcm ger\u00e7ekli\u011fiyle ortaya koydu. EMO\u2019nun 60. y\u0131l\u0131nda, \u00fccretli m\u00fchendislerle ilgili yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ar\u015fivlemek kolay olabilirdi belki. \u00dccretli m\u00fchendislerin g\u00fcvence m\u00fccadelesi vermesi ise \u201czor\u201d. \u00dccretli m\u00fchendisleri emek m\u00fccadelesinin bile\u015fenlerinden birisi yapmak \u201czor\u201d. Bunun i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanmak, Odam\u0131z\u0131, EMO\u2019yu bu m\u00fccadelenin bir mevzisi haline getirmek de \u201czor\u201d.<\/p>\n EMO\u2019yu 60. y\u0131l\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131mak ne kadar zor ve ger\u00e7ek ise, \u00fccretli m\u00fchendislerin g\u00fcvence m\u00fccadelesiyle bir 60 y\u0131l daha ya\u015famak o kadar zor ve ger\u00e7ek.<\/p>\n *Bu yaz\u0131 EMO Elektrik M\u00fchendisli\u011fi Dergisi\u2019nin 60. Y\u0131l \u00f6zel say\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n (1) Yaz\u0131, 30 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir d\u00f6nem boyunca ya\u015fanan i\u015f\u00e7ile\u015ftirme dalgas\u0131n\u0131n etkisiyle EMO\u2019da ba\u015flayan \u00fccretli m\u00fchendis tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131-\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 konu edinmekte, EMO\u2019yu \u00fccretli m\u00fchendislerin g\u00fcvence m\u00fccadelesinin adresi yapma iddias\u0131n\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu sebeple 1970\u2019li y\u0131llarda EMO \u00fcyelerinin de yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 TEKSEN, T\u00dcTED gibi m\u00fchendisleri i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n bir bile\u015feni olarak g\u00f6ren m\u00fccadele deneyimleri yaz\u0131da yer almamaktad\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 kapsamda KESK\u2019in kurulu\u015f s\u00fcrecinde ve KESK\u2019e ba\u011fl\u0131 sendikalarda m\u00fccadele eden EMO \u00fcyelerinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 da yaz\u0131da yer almamaktad\u0131r. Ancak bu m\u00fccadele deneyimlerinin tamam\u0131 yaz\u0131daki tart\u0131\u015fmalara \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutmaktad\u0131r. <\/em> (2) Neoliberal politikalarla kamu alanlar\u0131nda istihdam b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Kamu kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zelle\u015ftirilmesi ve hizmetlerin ta\u015feronla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla birlikte \u00fccretli m\u00fchendislerin b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131 \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6rde istiham edilir oldu.<\/em> (3) Profil ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda 1. TMMOB \u00dccretli-\u0130\u015fsiz M\u00fchendis, Mimar, \u015eehir Planc\u0131lar\u0131 Kurultay\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131. Kurultay TMMOB tarihinin en kitlesel etkinli\u011fi olarak, iki g\u00fcn boyunca 1000\u2019i a\u015fk\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131mla devam etti. Odas\u0131na \u00fcye olan ve olmayan bir\u00e7ok \u00fccretli m\u00fchendis i\u00e7in Kurultay, TMMOB ile temas ettikleri ilk etkinlik oldu.<\/em> (4) 17 Aral\u0131k 2013\u2019te T\u00fcrkiye tarihinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck yolsuzluk operasyonu AKP\u2019nin ya\u011fma, talan ve h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ortal\u0131\u011fa sa\u00e7t\u0131. Neoliberal politikalarla ya\u011fma, talan ve h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k alanlar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l geni\u015fledi\u011fi g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne serildi.<\/em><\/p>\n politeknik.org.tr<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"60 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn tarihine bakmak kolay i\u015f de\u011fil. Hele de tarihsel…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":40571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4717,1991],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-9963","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-calisma-yasami","8":"category-yazilar"},"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9963","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9963"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9963\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9963"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9963"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eonmeet.com\/pol\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9963"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nM\u00fchendisler 30 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir d\u00f6nem boyunca s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen neoliberal politikalarla i\u015f\u00e7ile\u015ftirildi; ucuz emek ordusunda yerini ald\u0131. Mesle\u011fin vas\u0131fs\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla birlikte \u00fccretli m\u00fchendislerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131. M\u00fchendislik e\u011fitiminde m\u00fcfredat de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri, m\u00fchendislik b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinin \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u201cyeni\u201d b\u00f6l\u00fcme par\u00e7alanmas\u0131, mezuniyet sonras\u0131 ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan belgelendirme faaliyetleri, akademik kadrodan ve teknik donan\u0131mdan yoksun yeni \u00fcniversiteler ve yeni m\u00fchendislik fak\u00fclteleri kitleselle\u015fen ve diplomas\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na \u201cyeterli\u201d olmayan bir m\u00fchendis toplulu\u011fu yaratt\u0131.<\/p>\n
\nSay\u0131sal veriler olduk\u00e7a \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131. Bu verilere AKP eliyle s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen neoliberal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ve bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme uygun meslek odalar\u0131 yaratma s\u00fcrecini ekledi\u011fimiz zaman; \u00fccretli m\u00fchendislerin g\u00fcvence m\u00fccadelesinin, Odalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u201c\u00fcyelerin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n\u0131 halk\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z g\u00f6rmeme\u201d \u00e7izgisini devam ettirme dinamiklerinden birisi oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.<\/p>\n
\nParklar\u0131, meydanlar\u0131 terk etmeyen, \u201cg\u00fcnd\u00fcz m\u00fchendis, gece \u00e7apulcu\u201d olanlar, g\u00fcvenli bir gelecek istiyor.<\/p>\n
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